...The Lend-Lease Act (1941) gave the president the authority to lend or lease equipment to any nation "whose defense the President deems vital to the defense of the United States." During World War II, the United States provided $50 billion in lend-lease aid to its allies,...

...passing of the Lend-Lease Act in 1941, which authorized Roosevelt to provide equipment to any nation "whose defense the President deems vital to the defense of the United States." In 1937, Henry Luce, who had been born in China of missionary parents, had put Chiang Kai-shek...

...authorized the "manufacture in arsenals, factories, and shipyards ... [of] any defense article for the government of any country whose defense the President deems vital to the defense of the United States."68 The manufacture of warplanes became a major industry in southern California, with companies...

...material became legal with the passage of the Lend-Lease Act, which empowered the President "on behalf of any country whose defense the President deems vital to the defense of the United States, to sell, transfer title to, exchange, lease, lend, or otherwise dispose of, to any such government...

...will—to give not only economic and military aid of any kind but secret military information also to any country "whose defense the President deems vital to the defense of the United States," and this "notwithstanding the provision of any other law." On the day the bill passed the...

...president the authority to sell, exchange, lend, lease, or otherwise transfer military equipment to "any country whose defense the president deems vital to the defense of the United States." In passing the act, Congress had clearly meant to establish a means of providing assistance...

...present help in time of trouble." Congress indeed approved Lend-Lease authorizing aid for England and... 'Any country whose defense the president deems vital to the defense of the United States and will provide tools, military weapons, food, supplies, and services.' And perhaps most important,...

...hardly exaggerating. By its terms, the president could provide military articles and information to any country "whose defense the President deems vital to the defense of the United States." If he so desired, the terms "defense article" and "defense information" could cover virtually...

...exchange, lease, lend, or otherwise dispose of" food, military equipment, and other essential supplies to "the government of any country whose defense the...President deems vital to the defense of the United States." Within Axis-controlled territory, "trade" often involved the explicit confiscation of goods...

...executive branch as he might designate to "manufacture ... or otherwise procure ... any defense article for the government of any country whose defense the president deems vital to the defense of the United States."14 Realizing that the collaboration between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union was only a temporary...