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" ... refrain from deciding to launch any attack which may be expected to cause incidental loss of civilian life, injury to civilians, damage to civilian objects, or a combination thereof, which would be excessive to the concrete and direct military advantage... "
Air & Space Power Journal sum 04 - Page 57
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Landmines: A Deadly Legacy

Physicians for Human Rights (U.S.) - Political Science - 1993 - 542 pages
...formulations with respect to rules against indiscriminate use. Both articles forbid usage which "may cause incidental loss of civilian life, injury to...or a combination thereof, which would be excessive to the concrete and direct military advantage anticipated." Therefore, because die material treated...
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Angola

186 pages
...51 (5): Among others, the following types of attacks are to be considered as indiscriminate:... (b) an attack which may be expected to cause incidental...injury to civilians, damage to civilian objects, or combination thereof, which would be excessive in relation to the concrete and direct military advantage...
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Israel Yearbook on Human Rights: 1993

Yoram Dinstein, Mala Tabory - Political Science - 1994 - 434 pages
...use of mines which is not or cannot be directed against a military objective; (b) any laying of mines which may be expected to cause incidental loss of civilian life, injury to civilians, or a combination thereof which would be excessive in relation to the concrete and direct military advantage...
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The Handbook of Humanitarian Law in Armed Conflicts

Dieter Fleck, Michael Bothe - History - 1999 - 630 pages
...use of mines which is not or cannoi be directed against a military objective; (b) any laying of mines which may be expected to cause incidental loss of civilian life, injury to civilians, or a combination thereof which would be excessive in relation to the concrete and direct military advantage...
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Israel Yearbook on Human Rights 1994

Yoram Dinstein, Mala Tabory - Political Science - 1995 - 374 pages
...attacks are to be considered as indiscriminate] which may be expected to cause incidental loss of human life, injury to civilians, damage to civilian objects, or a combination thereof, which could be excessive in relation to the concrete and direct military advantage anticipated." The rule...
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Mass Graves and Other Atrocities in Bosnia: Hearing Before the ..., Volume 4

United States. Congress. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe - History - 1996 - 128 pages
...by civilian or military agents." "Article 5 l(5)(b) of Protocol I formulates this rule as follows: "an attack which may be expected to cause incidental...excessive in relation to the concrete and direct military advantages anticipated," **The summary execution of civilians and persons hors de combat is prohibited...
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The Legality of Threat Or Use of Nuclear Weapons: A Guide to the Historic ...

John Burroughs - History - 1998 - 192 pages
...target. That realisation of the harsh facts of war is however tempered by the requirement that the loss of civilian life, injury to civilians, damage to civilian objects or any combination of those losses must not be excessive in relation to the concrete and military advantage...
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Is a U.N. International Criminal Court in the U.S. National ..., Volume 4

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on International Operations - Law - 1998 - 174 pages
...damage or injury. (c) Proportionality. The principle of proportionality prohibits attacks which are expected to cause incidental loss of civilian life,...objects, or a combination thereof, which would be clearly excessive in relation to the overall military advantage anticipated. (d) Evaluation of intent...
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Accountability for War Crimes: Progress and Prospects : Hearing ..., Volume 4

United States. Congress. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe - History - 2000 - 48 pages
...military objectives and civilians or civilian objects without distinction. And, Article 51.5.B prohibits an attack which may be expected to cause incidental loss of civilian life. I think I will close my remarks there. Thank you. Mr. SMITH. Ms. Green, thank you very much for your...
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The Environmental Consequences of War: Legal, Economic, and Scientific ...

Jay E. Austin, Carl E. Bruch - Law - 2000 - 720 pages
...taken: (a) those who plan or decide upon an attack shall: (iii) refrain from deciding to launch any attack which may be expected to cause incidental loss...or a combination thereof, which would be excessive to the concrete and direct military advantage anticipated . . . Restated, collateral damage to civilian...
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