Betraying Spinoza: The Renegade Jew Who Gave Us ModernityPart of the Jewish Encounter series In 1656, Amsterdam’s Jewish community excommunicated Baruch Spinoza, and, at the age of twenty–three, he became the most famous heretic in Judaism. He was already germinating a secularist challenge to religion that would be as radical as it was original. He went on to produce one of the most ambitious systems in the history of Western philosophy, so ahead of its time that scientists today, from string theorists to neurobiologists, count themselves among Spinoza’s progeny. In Betraying Spinoza, Rebecca Goldstein sets out to rediscover the flesh-and-blood man often hidden beneath the veneer of rigorous rationality, and to crack the mystery of the breach between the philosopher and his Jewish past. Goldstein argues that the trauma of the Inquisition’ s persecution of its forced Jewish converts plays itself out in Spinoza’s philosophy. The excommunicated Spinoza, no less than his excommunicators, was responding to Europe’ s first experiment with racial anti-Semitism. Here is a Spinoza both hauntingly emblematic and deeply human, both heretic and hero—a surprisingly contemporary figure ripe for our own uncertain age. |
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Page 27
... Teacher . And the second was that God was identical with nature . Mrs. Schoenfeld used the English word " God , " which was not a word we normally used . Instead we said Ha - Shem , Hebrew for " The Name , " a designation that at once ...
... Teacher . And the second was that God was identical with nature . Mrs. Schoenfeld used the English word " God , " which was not a word we normally used . Instead we said Ha - Shem , Hebrew for " The Name , " a designation that at once ...
Page 29
... teachers " - was a virtue drilled into us from an early age . Spinoza , my teacher reiterated , was an atheist , even though when the Amsterdam community excommunicated him he hadn't yet revealed the full extent of his godless ...
... teachers " - was a virtue drilled into us from an early age . Spinoza , my teacher reiterated , was an atheist , even though when the Amsterdam community excommunicated him he hadn't yet revealed the full extent of his godless ...
Page 33
... before the congregation and told them that they had spoken with Spinoza several times and that his views were full of heresies , and that he didn't deserve to be held in such high esteem as a brilliant scholar by his former teachers . 33.
... before the congregation and told them that they had spoken with Spinoza several times and that his views were full of heresies , and that he didn't deserve to be held in such high esteem as a brilliant scholar by his former teachers . 33.
Page 34
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Page 35
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Contents
3 | |
17 | |
The Project of Escape | 67 |
Identity Crisis | 124 |
Epilogue | 258 |
Chronology | 265 |
Notes | 273 |
Acknowledgments | 285 |
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Aboab argue Baruch Spinoza believe with perfect Benedictus Benedictus Spinoza born Catholic century chief rabbi Christian Church claim conceived continued conversos course death Descartes Deus sive natura divine Dutch Ein Sof emotions essence eternal Ethics excommunication existence experience explain fact father final causes finite friends girls Ha-Shem halakha Hebrew heretic holy Ibid ideas infinite system Inquisition Israel Jan de Witt Jewish Jewish community Jewish identity Jews of Amsterdam Judaism kabbalah kabbalistic kherem knowledge laws Leibniz lives Lurianic Maimonides Marranos means Messiah metaphysics mind Moses Moslem mystical Nachmanides nature noza one's oneself perfect faith personal identity philosopher pleasure Portugal Portuguese proofs publish question Rabbi Morteira rational reality reason religion religious Rijnsburg Sabbatai Zevi salvation Schoenfeld scholar sense Sephardic soul Spain Spanish suffering synagogue Talmud teacher thing thinker thought tion Torah true truth understand Uriel da Costa Voorburg words write yeshiva young