Earth Sculpture; Or, The Origin of Land-forms |
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Page 10
... strata disposed in the form of one sin- gle arch or anticline ; while in Fig . 3 , representing B FIG . 3 . SECTION ACROSS SYMMETRICAL ANTICLINES AND SYNCLINES . Upper continuous line , A - B , = surface of ground ; lower continuous ...
... strata disposed in the form of one sin- gle arch or anticline ; while in Fig . 3 , representing B FIG . 3 . SECTION ACROSS SYMMETRICAL ANTICLINES AND SYNCLINES . Upper continuous line , A - B , = surface of ground ; lower continuous ...
Page 11
... strata ; in other words , the order of succession appears to be inverted . From the fact that strata are generally inclined from the horizontal , and frequently curved and folded , it is obvious that they have been subjected to the ...
... strata ; in other words , the order of succession appears to be inverted . From the fact that strata are generally inclined from the horizontal , and frequently curved and folded , it is obvious that they have been subjected to the ...
Page 12
... strata are tra- versed by a fault , which has caused a vertical displace- ment of the beds to the extent of , say , 500 feet , for it is obvious that the coal and fireclay ( 8 , 9 ) , and the strata amongst which they lie on the left ...
... strata are tra- versed by a fault , which has caused a vertical displace- ment of the beds to the extent of , say , 500 feet , for it is obvious that the coal and fireclay ( 8 , 9 ) , and the strata amongst which they lie on the left ...
Page 13
... strata , and the numerous dislocations by which rocks of all kinds are traversed , clearly demonstrate that movements of the solid crust have taken place . Such crustal dis- turbances are probably in chief measure due to the fact that ...
... strata , and the numerous dislocations by which rocks of all kinds are traversed , clearly demonstrate that movements of the solid crust have taken place . Such crustal dis- turbances are probably in chief measure due to the fact that ...
Page 14
... strata , nor do they coincide with gaping fractures . Again , many considerable mountains are built up of rocks which are not convoluted at all , but arranged in horizontal beds . More than this , many plateaux and even lowlands are ...
... strata , nor do they coincide with gaping fractures . Again , many considerable mountains are built up of rocks which are not convoluted at all , but arranged in horizontal beds . More than this , many plateaux and even lowlands are ...
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Common terms and phrases
accumulation Alps anticlines basalt base-level basins become beds Carboniferous character cliffs coast-lines cones configuration Cretaceous crust crustal movements crystalline débris denudation deposits depressions depth detritus direction dislocations drainage elevation epigene action epigene agents eroded escarpments eventually feet fiords flexures flow fluvio-glacial deposits folds fracture gently geological structure glacial action glaciers gradually granite ground-moraines Highlands hills hollows horizontal strata ice-sheet igneous rocks inclined indented infrequently irregular islands joints Jura Mountains laccoliths lakes land land-forms land-surface lava less limestone low grounds masses materials Mesozoic modified moraines mountain-chain mountain-valleys mountains normal faults North Old Red Sandstone outcrops owe their origin Permian plain of erosion plateau regions relatively result ridges rock-basins rock-masses sand sandstones schistose schists Section sediment shales Silurian slopes Southern Uplands strata streams and rivers superficial surface surface-features synclinal tectonic tend thickness tion tracts traversed underground undulating usually valleys vertical volcanic