Earth Sculpture; Or, The Origin of Land-forms |
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Page 52
... clay . Horizontal strata of such rocks as sandstone , shale , limestone , basalt , etc. , enter largely into the composition of certain lofty plateaux and mountain- regions . And they belong , moreover , to very 52 EARTH SCULPTURE.
... clay . Horizontal strata of such rocks as sandstone , shale , limestone , basalt , etc. , enter largely into the composition of certain lofty plateaux and mountain- regions . And they belong , moreover , to very 52 EARTH SCULPTURE.
Page 60
... shale , and limestone . All rocks , as we have seen , are traversed by natural division - planes or joints , and these in the case of stratified rocks consist of two sets intersecting each other and the planes of bedding at ...
... shale , and limestone . All rocks , as we have seen , are traversed by natural division - planes or joints , and these in the case of stratified rocks consist of two sets intersecting each other and the planes of bedding at ...
Page 61
... shale . In the overlying hard rock the river has been able to cut merely a narrow steep - sided trench . The shale , however , offers much less resistance to the vertical and lateral action of the water , and is thus rapidly intersected ...
... shale . In the overlying hard rock the river has been able to cut merely a narrow steep - sided trench . The shale , however , offers much less resistance to the vertical and lateral action of the water , and is thus rapidly intersected ...
Page 62
... shale and encounters , we shall suppose , another thick stratum of hard rock . Lateral erosion by the running water is now reduced to a minimum ; slowly the current saws its way down h S h S h S FIG . 10 . DIAGRAMMATIC SECTION SHOWING ...
... shale and encounters , we shall suppose , another thick stratum of hard rock . Lateral erosion by the running water is now reduced to a minimum ; slowly the current saws its way down h S h S h S FIG . 10 . DIAGRAMMATIC SECTION SHOWING ...
Page 63
... shales . Finally , we may further note that the recession of the cliffs will be much influenced by the rate at which their basal portions are undermined . Each slice re- moved from a steep rock - face narrows the width and increases the ...
... shales . Finally , we may further note that the recession of the cliffs will be much influenced by the rate at which their basal portions are undermined . Each slice re- moved from a steep rock - face narrows the width and increases the ...
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Common terms and phrases
accumulation Alps anticlines basalt base-level basins become beds Carboniferous character cliffs coast-lines cones configuration Cretaceous crust crustal movements crystalline débris denudation deposits depressions depth detritus direction dislocations drainage elevation epigene action epigene agents eroded escarpments eventually feet fiords flexures flow fluvio-glacial deposits folds fracture gently geological structure glacial action glaciers gradually granite ground-moraines Highlands hills hollows horizontal strata ice-sheet igneous rocks inclined indented infrequently irregular islands joints Jura Mountains laccoliths lakes land land-forms land-surface lava less limestone low grounds masses materials Mesozoic modified moraines mountain-chain mountain-valleys mountains normal faults North Old Red Sandstone outcrops owe their origin Permian plain of erosion plateau regions relatively result ridges rock-basins rock-masses sand sandstones schistose schists Section sediment shales Silurian slopes Southern Uplands strata streams and rivers superficial surface surface-features synclinal tectonic tend thickness tion tracts traversed underground undulating usually valleys vertical volcanic