Earth Sculpture; Or, The Origin of Land-forms |
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Page 60
... cliffs , and thus erode hori- zontally ; hence it follows that the valleys will be widened as well as deepened . The widening process may be greatly aided by the action of wind , rain , springs , and frost . Not infrequently , indeed ...
... cliffs , and thus erode hori- zontally ; hence it follows that the valleys will be widened as well as deepened . The widening process may be greatly aided by the action of wind , rain , springs , and frost . Not infrequently , indeed ...
Page 61
... cliff and falls in ruins . In this way the cliffs gradually retire as they are un- dermined - in a word , the ravine is not only deepened but widened . Much of the rock débris dislodged from the cliffs falls into the river , and is ...
... cliff and falls in ruins . In this way the cliffs gradually retire as they are un- dermined - in a word , the ravine is not only deepened but widened . Much of the rock débris dislodged from the cliffs falls into the river , and is ...
Page 62
... cliffs continues to accumulate . Meanwhile , however , the river digs down through the shale and encounters , we shall suppose , another thick stratum of hard rock . Lateral erosion by the running water is now reduced to a minimum ...
... cliffs continues to accumulate . Meanwhile , however , the river digs down through the shale and encounters , we shall suppose , another thick stratum of hard rock . Lateral erosion by the running water is now reduced to a minimum ...
Page 63
... cliffs , but rather by a succession of hori- zontal tiers of precipitous faces , corresponding to the outcrops of the several strata of harder rock- separated the one from the other by the longer or shorter slopes yielded by the shales ...
... cliffs , but rather by a succession of hori- zontal tiers of precipitous faces , corresponding to the outcrops of the several strata of harder rock- separated the one from the other by the longer or shorter slopes yielded by the shales ...
Page 64
... cliffs with intermediate sloping stages . If , on the other hand , the climate be moist , those features will be more or less softened and modified . In the former case step - like profiles will abound ; in the latter the ground will ...
... cliffs with intermediate sloping stages . If , on the other hand , the climate be moist , those features will be more or less softened and modified . In the former case step - like profiles will abound ; in the latter the ground will ...
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Common terms and phrases
accumulation Alps anticlines basalt base-level basins become beds Carboniferous character cliffs coast-lines cones configuration Cretaceous crust crustal movements crystalline débris denudation deposits depressions depth detritus direction dislocations drainage elevation epigene action epigene agents eroded escarpments eventually feet fiords flexures flow fluvio-glacial deposits folds fracture gently geological structure glacial action glaciers gradually granite ground-moraines Highlands hills hollows horizontal strata ice-sheet igneous rocks inclined indented infrequently irregular islands joints Jura Mountains laccoliths lakes land land-forms land-surface lava less limestone low grounds masses materials Mesozoic modified moraines mountain-chain mountain-valleys mountains normal faults North Old Red Sandstone outcrops owe their origin Permian plain of erosion plateau regions relatively result ridges rock-basins rock-masses sand sandstones schistose schists Section sediment shales Silurian slopes Southern Uplands strata streams and rivers superficial surface surface-features synclinal tectonic tend thickness tion tracts traversed underground undulating usually valleys vertical volcanic