Chemical Technology; Or, Chemistry in Its Applications to the Arts and Manufactures, Volume 1, Issue 1H. Baillière, 1855 - Chemistry, Technical |
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Page 66
... charring , commences . The state of the meiler now needs repairs of an important kind ; the wood of the stake having been gradually consumed , cavities are left which cause a sinking in and falling together , the covering becomes ...
... charring , commences . The state of the meiler now needs repairs of an important kind ; the wood of the stake having been gradually consumed , cavities are left which cause a sinking in and falling together , the covering becomes ...
Page 68
... charring varies with the size of the meiler ; small meilers will require from six to fourteen days ; but four or five weeks are necessary when the diameter is above 40 feet . Charring in Heaps . - Another method of burning charcoal ...
... charring varies with the size of the meiler ; small meilers will require from six to fourteen days ; but four or five weeks are necessary when the diameter is above 40 feet . Charring in Heaps . - Another method of burning charcoal ...
Page 69
... charring , are the gradual dissemination of the heat and the protection of the charcoal from the access of air . If blue smoke escapes from the openings , the process is known to be drawing to a close , the open spaces are closed and ...
... charring , are the gradual dissemination of the heat and the protection of the charcoal from the access of air . If blue smoke escapes from the openings , the process is known to be drawing to a close , the open spaces are closed and ...
Page 70
... charring wood , which has been known for two thousand years , * belongs undoubtedly to that numerous class of inventions , which the correct practical discernment of former times has left little to modern theory to supply beyond the ...
... charring wood , which has been known for two thousand years , * belongs undoubtedly to that numerous class of inventions , which the correct practical discernment of former times has left little to modern theory to supply beyond the ...
Page 71
... charring in which one portion of the substance is charred at the expense of another the current of air by which the combustion is supported must proceed as far as possible from the unburnt portion to that which is under- going ...
... charring in which one portion of the substance is charred at the expense of another the current of air by which the combustion is supported must proceed as far as possible from the unburnt portion to that which is under- going ...
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Common terms and phrases
acetate acetic acid air-dried Anthracite apertures apparatus aqueous vapour arrangement ash-pit Beech blast boiler bottom bricks brown coal burning calculated carbonic acid carburetted carburetted hydrogen cast-iron charcoal charring chimney clay closed coke combustion composition condensed constructed consumed contained cooling cubic feet cubic foot cylinders diameter door draught dried dry distillation earthy employed escape evaporation evolved experiments fire flame flues fuel furnace gaseous gases grate grate-bars heap heating power hopper hydrogen hygroscopic ignited inches iron kiln latter layers lignite lime liquid manner manufacture means meiler metal naphtha Newcastle nitrogen obtained ovens oxide oxygen pass peat pipes pitch placed plungers portion produced products of combustion proportion pyroligneous acid pyrometrical heating retort shown in Fig side small coal smoke space specific gravity specific heat steam stove substances sulphur supply surface temperature turf upper ventilation vessel warmed weight wood دو
Popular passages
Page 203 - England it is customary to define a heat unit as the quantity of heat that is required to raise the temperature of a pound of water 1° on the Fahrenheit scale.
Page 253 - L of energy of the heat communicated; and that a corresponding machine, or the same machine worked backwards, may be employed to produce cooling effects requiring about the same expenditure of energy in working it to cool the same substance through a similar range of temperature. When a body is heated by such means about...
Page 212 - ... the temperature of 212° F. under any circumstances. The sides and top of the stove are thus converted into a hot chamber, offering an extensive surface of heated metal ; at the bottom, by an opening in the ornamental part, the air is allowed to enter, and rises as it becomes warmed, traversing in its ascent the different compartments formed by the hot parallel plates, and is allowed to escape at the top by some similar opening into the room.
Page 98 - The nature (age) of the peat, its consequent density, &c., must direct the burner. A mound, of the circumference stated, produced from not quite air-dried peat, 24 per cent. of the weight and 27 of the bulk ; from air-dried, 27 per cent. in weight and 32£ in volume ; from freshly dug Pfungstadt peat, 30 per cent. in weight and 29 in bulk; from excellent peat, quite dry, 35£ of the weight and 49 per cent. of the bulk. In the district of Siegen very good peat produced 23 per cent. of the weight and...
Page 41 - Coal occurs in almost every principal subdivision of Spain, but we have only included the Asturias region. Hence, as regards European countries, Great Britain takes the first rank : Belgium, as regards territorial proportion, occupies the second rank, although in relative coal area she is the least of the four. Pennsylvania, in respect of territorial proportion, is higher than any of these, being relatively...
Page 323 - ... should be concealed. 4. It should possess considerable cohesion of its particles, so that it may not be broken into too small fragments by the constant attrition which it may experience in the vessel. 5. It should combine a considerable density with such mechanical structure that it may easily be...