\ NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES HEARINGS BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON DOMESTIC MARKETING, COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE THOMAS S. FOLEY, Washington, Chairman E DE LA GARZA, Texas, WILLIAM C. WAMPLER, Virginia, Vice Chairman Ranking Minority Member WALTER B. JONES, North Carolina KEITH G. SEBELIUS, Kansas ED JONES, Tennessee PAUL FINDLEY, Illinois DAWSON MATHIS, Georgia STEVEN D. SYMMS, Idaho GEORGE E. BROWN, JR., California JAMES P. JOHNSON, Colorado DAVID R. BOWEN, Mississippi EDWARD R. MADIGAN, Illinois CHARLES ROSE, North Carolina MARGARET M. HECKLER, Massachusetts FREDERICK W. RICHMOND, New York JAMES M. JEFFORDS, Vermont RICHARD NOLAN, Minnesota RICHARD KELLY, Florida JIM WEAVER, Oregon CHARLES E. GRASSLEY, Iowa ALVIN BALDUS, Wisconsin TOM HAGEDORN, Minnesota TOM HARKIN, Iowa E. THOMAS COLEMAN, Missouri BERKLEY BEDELL, Iowa RON MARLENEE, Montana GLENN ENGLISH, Oklahoma LARRY J. HOPKINS, Kentucky WILLIAM M. THOMAS, California PROFESSIONAL STAFF JOHN E. HOGAN, Counsel SUBCOMMITTEE ON DOMESTIC MARKETING, CONSUMER RELATIONS, AND NUTRITION FREDERICK W. RICHMOND, New York, Chairman LEON E. PANETTA, California STEVEN D. SYMMS, Idaho RICHARD NOLAN, Minnesota MARGARET M. HECKLER, Massachusetts DAN GLICKMAN, Kansas CHARLES E. GRASSLEY, Iowa CONTENTS Page 6 5 5 1, 69 3 6 117 27 24 91 105 8 121 Grassley, Hon. Charles E., a Representative in Congress from the State of Heckler, Hon. Margaret M., a Representative in Congress from the State of Massachusetts, opening remarks- Panetta, Hon. Leon E., a Representative in Congress from the State of Richmond, Hon. Frederick W., a Representative in Congress from the State of New York, opening remarks--- Wampler, Hon. William C., a Representative in Congress from the State of Waxman, Hon. Henry A., a Representative in Congress from the State of Ahrens, Edward H., Jr., M.D., professor of medicine, Rockefeller Uni- Arnold, Charles B., M.D., vice president, research and health maintenance, Gotto, Antonio M., Jr., M.D., professor and chairman, Department of Medicine, Methodist Hospital, Houston, Tex.-- Handler, Philip, president, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, Harper, Alfred E., chairman, Food and Nutrition Board, University of Hegsted, D. Mark, Ýh. D.; Administrator, Human Nutrition Center; Science and Education Administration, U.S. Department of Agriculture- Leveille, Gilbert A., professor and chairman, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University Levy, Robert I., M.D., Director, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Insti- tute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.. McGinnis, J. Michael, M.D., Deputy Assistant Secretary for Health, Department of Health and Human Services.- Margen, Sheldon, M.D., professor of public health, University of Cali- Munro, Hamish Nisbet, M.D., professor, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology- Olson, Robert E., St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo.- Turner, James, Esq., chairman, Council of Consumer Liaison Panel, Food Whelan, Elizabeth, Ph. D., executive director, American Council on Science and Health.-. MATERIAL SUBMITTED to Editor, New York Times.-- pared statement- Bergland, Bob, Secretary, U.S. Department of Agriculture, letter of Wampler, Hon. William C., a Representative in Congress from the State of Virginia, letter of August 20, 1980.- Bergland, Bob, Secretary, U.S. Department of Agriculture, letter of 70 NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES REPORT ON HEALTHFUL DIETS WEDNESDAY, JUNE 18, 1980 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, CONSUMER RELATIONS, AND NUTRITION Washington, D.C. The subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 10 a.m., in room 1301, Longworth House Office Building, Hon. Frederick W. Richmond (chairman of the subcommittee) presiding. Present: Representatives Panetta, Nolan, Glickman, Harkin, Heckler, and Grassley. Also present: Representatives Brown and Wampler of the full committee and Waxman of California. Staff present: Robert M. Bor, chief counsel; John R. Kramer, special counsel; J. Robert Franks, associate counsel; Peggy L. Pecore, clerk; Glenda Knight, Anita R. Brown, Bernard Brenner, Carolyn Cheney, Mary C. Jarratt, Ann Cole, and Thomas E. Adams. Mr. RICHMOND. Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. I want to welcome you to the hearing of the Subcommittee on Domestic Marketing, Consumer Relations, and Nutrition. Our hearing this morning and tomorrow morning will be on the National Academy of Sciences Food and Nutrition Board's report entitled "Toward Healthful Diets." I have a brief opening statement which I would like to make merely to put the hearings into focus. OPENING REMARKS OF HON. FREDERICK W. RICHMOND, A REPRE SENTATIVE IN CONGRESS FROM THE STATE OF NEW YORK Mr. RICHMOND. When scientists clash it is a serious matter. When scientists clash about what the American public ought not to eat in order to achieve longevity in good health, it is a matter of life and death. The dangers of confusion and ill-advised behavior are substantial. That is why we are here this morning—to see whether we can resolve whom to believe and rely upon, the U.S. Department of Agriculture and Department of Health and Human Services or the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academy of Sciences. In February the Departments, after many years of cautious careful study of the causes of heart disease that kills 50 percent of all Americans who die each year, jointly issued a set of dietary guidelines in (1) |