a carpet knight, who was naturally held in scorn by ! It was customary with those barbarians, “when tbe men of war.-JOHNSON

they despaired of their own safety, first to make

away with those whom they held dear," and desired " Are empty trunks, o'erflourished by the devil.” for companions in the cext life: Thyamis, there

Act III. Sc. 4. fore, benetted round with his enemies, raging with In the time of Shakspeare, trunks, which are now love, jealousy, and anger, went to the cave, and deposited in lumber-rooms, were part of the fur calling aloud

in the Egyptian tongue, as soon as he niture in apartments where company was received. heard himself answered towards the cave's mouth They were richly ornamented on the top and sides by a Grecian, making to the person by the direction with scroll work and emblematical devices, and were of the voice, he caught her by the hair with his elevated on feet.-STEEVENS

left hand, and (supposing her to be Chariclea) with

the right hand plunged his sword into her breast. Why should I not, had I the heart to do it, This story is taken from Heliodorus's Æthiopics, Like to the Egyptian thief at point of death,

of which a translation by Thomas Underdowne apKill what I love ?"-Act V. Sc. I.

peared in 1587.—THEOBALD. This Egyptiun thief was Thyamis, who was a na- "After a passy measure, or a pavin,”-Act V. Sc. 1. tive of Memphis, and at the head of a band of rob- The pavan, from pavo a peacock, is a grave and bers. Theagenes and Chariclea falling into their majestic dance. The method of dancing it was by hands, Thyamis fell desperately in love with the gentlemen dressed with cap and sword, by those of lady, and would have married her. Soon after, a the long robe in their gowns, by princes in their stronger body of robbers coming down upon Thy- mantles, and by ladies in gowns with long trains, amis's party, he was in such fears for his mistress, the motion whereof, in the dance, resembled that that he had her shut into a cave with his treasure. I of a peacock's tail. —Sir J. HAWKINS.

MEASURE FOR MEASURE.

Sene run from brakes of vice."-Act II. Sc. 1. " And his use was to put a ducut in her clack-dish."

Act III. Sc. 2. The brake was an engine of torture; we find the fonowing passage in Holinshed :—“The said Haw- The beggars, two or three centuries ago, used to kins was cast into the Tower, and at length brought proclaim their wants by a wooden dish with a moveto the brake, called in derision the duke of Exeter's able cover, which they clacked, to shew that their daughter;" that nobleman having invented it. A vessel was empty.—Steevens. part of this horrid engine still remains in the Tower.

" And tie the beard." -Act IV. Sc. 2. It consists of a strong iron frame about six feet long, with three rollers of wood within it; the mid

The Revisal recommends Simpson's emendation, dle one of these, which has iron teeth at each end, die the beard, but the present reading may stand. is governed by two stops of iron, and was, pro- Perhaps it was usual to tie up the beard before debably, that part of the machine which suspended collation. It should, however, be remembered, that the powers of the rest, when the unhappy sufferer it was usual to die beards. So in the old comedy of was sufficiently strained by the cords, &c. 'to begin Ram Alley, 1611 : confession.-STEEVENS.

“What colour'd beard comes next by the window ?

A black man's, I think. “Greatest thing about you.”-Act II. Sc. 1.

I think, a red; for that is most in fashion.” Harrison, in his description of Britain, condemns

And in the Silent Woman: “I have fitted my the excess of apparel among his countrymen, and divine and canonist, dyed their beards and all.” thus proceeds : :-"Neither can we be more justly

STEEVENS, burdened with any reproche than inordinate behaviour in apparell, for which most nations deride “ You know the course is common.”-Act IV. Sc. 2. us; as also for that we men doe seeme to beslove most cost upon our arses, and much more than upon Death of Henry the Fourthe of France, says, that

P. Mathieu, in his Heroyke Life and Deplorable all the rest of our bodies, as women do likewise Ravaillac, in the midst of his tortures, lifted up his upon their heades and shoulders.” Wide breeches head and shook a spark of fire from his beard. were extremely fashionable in Shakspeare's days, “This unprofitable care (he adds) to save it, being as we may learn from this stanza in an old ballad:

noted, afforded matter to divers to praise the cus“As now, of late, in lesser thinges,

tome in Germany, Switzerland, and divers other To furnyshe forthe theare pryde ;

places, to shave off, and then to burn all the haire With woole, with flaxe, with hare also, from all parts of the bodies of those who are conTo make theare bryches wide.” Doucr. victed for any notorious crimes."-REED. merely, thou art death's fool ;

"First, here's young master Rash; he's in for a For him thou labourest by thy flight to shun,

commodity of brown paper and old ginger, ninescore And yet run'st toward him still.”-Act III. Sc. ). and seventeen pounds." —Act IV. Sc. 3.

In the old Moralities, the fool of the piece, in or. An allusion is here made to the abominable prac der to shew the inevitable approaches of death, is tices of inoney-lenders in our poet's age, of which made to employ all his stratagems to avoid him; an account is given by Nashe in a pamphlet called which, as the matter is ordered, bring the foul at Christ's Tears over Jerusalem, 1594. “ He (a every turn into his very jam 5.-WARBURTON usurer) falls acquainted with gentlemen, frequenta

ordinaries and dancing-houses dayly, where when punishing by collistrigium, or the original pillory, some of them at play have lost all their money, he made like that part of the pillory at present, which is very diligent ai hand, on their chaines, bracelets, receives the neck, only it was placed horizontally, or jewels, to lend them half the value. Now this is so that the culprit hung suspended in it by his chin, the nature of young gentlemen, that where they and the back of his head. - HENLEY. have broke the ice, and borrowed once, they will come againe the second time; and that these young

“ Stand like the forfeits in a barber's shop, foxes know as well as the beggar knows his dish.

As much in mock as mark."- Act V. Sc. l. But at the second time of their coming, it is doubt- Barbers' shops were at all times the resort of ful to say whether they shall have money or no. 1dle people: formerly with us the better sort of The world goes hard, and wee all are mortal; let folks went to the barber's to be trimmed, who then him make any assurance before a judge, and they practised the under parts of surgery, so that he had shall have some hundred pound per consequence, occasion for numerous instruments, which lay there in silks and velvets. The third time if they come, ready for use; and the idle persons, with whom his they shall have baser commodities ; the fourth time, shop was crowded, would be perpetually handling lute-strings and grey paper."-MALONE.

and misusing them. To remedy wbich, there was

placed up against the wall a table of forfeitures, “ Shew your sheep-biting face, and be hang’d an hour," adapted to every offence of this sort; which it is not

Act V. Sc. l. likely would long preserve its authority, The poet evidently refers to the ancient mode of

WARBURTON

MUCH ADO ABOUT NOTHING.

“ At the bird-bolt.”-Act I. Sc. 1. lection there are frequent entries in the register of The bird-bolt is a short thick arrow without a the Stationers' Company.-STEEVENS. point, and spreading at the extremity so much as to leave a flat surface about the breadth of a shil.

* Carving the fashion of a new doublet.”

Act II. Se. 3. ling.--STEEVENS

“We are almost as fantastic as the English gea“ And he that hits me, let him be clapped on the tleman, that is painted naked, with a paire of sheares shoulder, and called Adam.”-Act I. Sc. 1. in his hand, as not being resolved after what fashion Why should he be called Adam ? A quotation or

to have his coat cut." two may explain : In Law Tricks, or, Who Would

GREENE'S FAREWELL TO FOLLY, 1617. Have Thought It? we find this speech : “ Adam Bell, a substantial outlaw, and a passing good

"Her hair shall be of what colour it please God."

Act II. Sc. 3. archer, yet no tobacconist.” Adam Bell, Clyme of the Cloughe, and Wyllyam of Cloudesle, were, says The practice of dying the hair was so common a Dr. Percy, three noted outlaws, whose skill in fashion in Elizabeth's reign, as to be thought a fit archery rendered them as famous in the north of subject of animadversion from the pulpit. In a England, as Robin Hood and his fellows were in homily against gaudy apparel, 1547, the preacher the midland counties.--STEEVENS and THEOBALD. breaks out into the following invective :-“Who can

paynt her face, and curle her heere, and change is "If I do, hang me in a bottle like a cat."

into an unnatural colour, but therein doth work re.

Act I. Sc. 1. profe to her Maker, who made her? as thoughe she In some counties of England, a cat was formerly could make herselfe mo e comelye than God hath closed up with a quantity of soot in a wooden bottle, appointed the measure her beautie. What do (such as that in which shepherds carry their liquor) these women, but go about to reforme that which and was suspended on a line. He who beat out the God hath made ? not knowinge that all things nabottom as he ran under it, and was nimble enough turall is the worke of God; and thynges disguysed to escape its contents, was regarded as the hero of and unnatural be the workes of the devyll.”-Reed. this inhuman diversion.-STEEVENS.

“ Press me to death."-Act III. Sc. 1. “Smoking a musty room.”-Act I. Sc. 3.

The allusion is to an ancient punishment of our The neglect of cleanliness among our ancestors law, called peine-fort et dure, which was formerly rendered such precautions too often necessary. In inflicted on those persons, who, being indicted, rea paper of directions drawn up by Sir

John Picker- fused to plead. În consequence of their silence, ing's steward, relative to Suffolk Place, before they were pressed to death by a heavy weight lai Elizabeth's visits to it in 1594, the fifteenth article on the stomach.-MALONE. is, “The swetynynge of the house in all places by any meanes." Again, in Burton's Anatomie of

“Or in the shape of two countries at once.” Melancholie, 1632: “ The smoake of juniper is in

Act III. Sc. 2, great request with us at Oxford, to sweeten our cham “For an Englishman's suit is like a traitor's bers."-STBEVENS.

bodie that bath been hanged, drawne, and quar“ Hundred merry tales."-Act II. Sc. 1.

tered, and is set up in several places; his codpiece

is in Denmarke, the collor of his dublet and the In the London Chaunticleres, 1659, this work, belly in France, the wing and narrow sleeve in among others, is cried for sale by a ballad man Italy, the short waste hangs o'er a Dutch botcher "The Seven Wise Men of Gotham; a Hundred stall in Utrich, his huge sloppes speaks Spanish Merry Tales; Scoggin's Jests, &c.” Of this col. Polonia gives him the bootes; and thus we mocke

carie nation for keeping one fashion, yet steale

“Now hath this lande little neede of broomes, patches from eurie one of them, to peece out our To sweepe away the filthe out of the streete;

Sen side-sleeves of penneless gromes pride, and are now laughing-stocks to them, because their cut so scurvily becomes us.-Seven DEADLIE Wile it up licke be it drie or weete," SINNES OF LONDON, 1606.

Stow's CHRONICLE. “ Have a care that your bills be not olen.

“ He wears a key in his ear, and a lock hanging

Act III. Sc. 3. by it.”-Act V. Sc. 1. A bill is still carried by the watchmen at Lich- male sex wore ear-rings; there was also a silly cus

In Shakspeare's age, fashionable persons of the field. It was the old weapon of the English in. tom of wearing a single lock of hair preposterously fantry, which, says Temple, gare the most ghastly long, which was called a love-lock. Fynes Moryson, end deplorable wounds." - JOHNSON.

in his account of Lord Montjoy's dress, says, “That

his haire was thinne on the heade, where he wore " Side-sleeves."-Act III. Sc. 4.

it short, except a locke under his left ear, which he “ This time was used exceeding pride in garments, nourished the time of the warre, and being woven gowns with deepe and broad sleeves, commonly up, bid it in his necke under his ruffe.” When he called poke sleeves; the servants ware them as well was not on service, he probably wore it in a different as their masters, which might well have been called fashion. The portrait of Sir Edward Sackville, the receptacles of the devil

, for what they stole Earl of Dorset, painted by Vandyke, exhibits this they hid in their sleeves, whereof some hung downe lock, with a large knotted ribband at the end of it; to the feete, and at least to the knees, full of cuts it hangs under the ear on the left side, and reaches and jagges, whereupon were made these verses (by as low as where the star is now worn by knights of Tho. Hoccleve) :

the garter.—MALONE.

MIDSUMMER NIGHT'S DREAM.

a

“ Your eyes are lode-stars."-Act I. Sc. I.

none could wound her highnesse hart, it was meete This was a compliment pot unfrequent among the (said Chastitie) that she should do with Cupid's bowe old

poets. The lode-star is the reading or guiding and arrowes what she pleased.” -STBEVENS, star, that is, the pole-star. The magnet is for the same reason called the lode-stone, either because it dreadful thing." -Act III. Sc. 1.

“God shield us! a lion among ladies is a must ieads iron, or because it guides the sailor.

JOHNSON

There is an odd coincidence between what our

author has here written for Bottom, and a real oc. " Gawds."'-Act I. Sc, 1.

currence at the Scottish court, jr 1594.-Prince In the north, a gawd is a child's plaything, and a ' Henry, the eldest son of James I., was christened baby-house is called a gawdy-house.

in August in that year. While the king and queen

were at dinner, a triumphal chariot, with several “ 01 to her death ; according to our law." allegorical personages on it, was drawne in by

Act I, Sc. 1. black-moore. This chariot should have been drawne By a law of Solon's, parents had an absolute in by a lyon, but because his presence might have power of life and death over their children. brought some feare to the nearest, or that the sight

of the lighted torches might have commoved his " Robin Goodfellow."-Act II. Sc. 1. tameness, it was thought meete that the Moore “Your grandame's maids were wont to set a bowl should supply that room.”-A true Account of the of milk

for him, for his pains in grinding malt and most triumphal and royal Accomplishment of the mustard, and sweeping the house at midnight; this Baptism of the most excellent right high, and white bread and bread and milk was his standing-lemnized, the 30th of August 1594. 8vo. 1603.

mighty Prince, Henry Frederick, &c. as it was so. fee."--DISCOVERIE OF WITCHCRAFT, 1584.

MALONE “ Puck."-Act II. Sc. 1.

“Of hind'riny knot-grass made."-Act III. Sc. 2. In the Fairy Mythology, Puck, or Hobgoblin, was the trusty servant of Oberon, and always employed It appears that knot-grass was anciently supposed to watch or detect the intrigues of Queen Mab. to prevent the growth of any animal or child. Mab has an amour with Pigwiggen: Oberon being Beaumont and Fletcher mention this property of it jealous, sends Puck to catch them, and one of Mab's in the Knight of the Burning Pestle :-“ should nymphs opposes him by spell.

In Drayton's they put him into a straight pair of gaskins, 'twere Nympbidia, we find a close resemblance to much of worse than knot-grass; he would never grow after be fairy machinery employed by Shakspeare in it.”-STEEVENS. his plav.-JOHNSON.

“ Thou painted may-pole.”-Act III. Sc. 2. * In ma:den meditation fancy free."--Act II. Sc. 2. So in Stubbe's Anatomie of Abuses, 1583 :-"But

Thus in Queen Elizabeth's Entertainment in Suf- their chiefest iewell thei bryng from thence is their folke and Norfolke, written by Churchyard, Chas. Mais-poie, whiche thei bryug home with great vetity deprives Cupid of his bow, and presents it to 'neration, as thus :— Thei have twentie or fourtie her majesty :-"and bycause that the queene had yoke of oxen, everie ose bauyng a sweete nosegaie chosen the best life, she gave the queene Cupid's of flowers placed on the tippes of his hornes; and bow, to Izarne to shoote at whome she pleased; since these oxen drawe home this Maie-poie (this stincs

3 R

978

yog idol rather), whiche is couered all ouer with chaste. Cupid's flower is the viola tricolor or ore in flowers and hearbes, bounde rounde aboute with idleness.-STEEVENS. strynges, from the top to the bottome, and some tyme painted with variable colours."-STEEVENS.

“Good strings to your beards."- Act IV. Sc. 2.

As no false beard could be worn without a iiga“ Two of the first, like couts in heraldry,

ture to fasten it on, Bottom's caution inust mean Due but to one and crowned with one crest."

more than the mere security of his comrade's beards. Act III. Sc. 2.

The good strings he recommends, were probably orIn heraldry, every branch of a family is called a namental, and employed to give an air of novelty house, and done but the first of the first house can to the countenance of the performers. Thas, in bear the arms of the family without some distinction. Measure for Measure (where the natural beard is Tuo of the first, therefore, means two coats of the spoken of), the duke, intent on disfiguring the head first house, which are properly due but to one. of Ragozine, says, "0, death's a great disguiser ;

Mason. and you may add to it. Shave the head, and tie the

beard."-STEEVENS. “ The rite of May"-Act IV. Sc. 1. The rite of this month was once so universally

“ To the best bride-bed will we, observed, that even authors thought their work's Which by us shall blessed be."-Act V. Sc. 2. would obtain a more favourable reception, if pub

We learn from articles ordained by Henry VIII. lished on May-day. The following is the title-page for the regulation of bis household, that the cere to a metrical performance by a once celebrated poet, mony of blessing the bridal bed was thus observed at Thomas Churchyard :

the marriage of a princess : “All men at her coming “Come bring in Maye with me,

in to bee voided, except woemen, till shee tee My Maye is fresh and greene;

brought to her bedd; and the man both, le sitting A subject's haste, an humble mind

in his bedd in his shirte, with a gowne cast about To serue a mayden queene."

him. Then the bishoppe, with the chaplaines, to " A Discourse of Rebellion, drawne forthe for to come in and bless the bedd; then everie man to warne the wanton wittes how to kepe their heads on avoide without any drinke, save the twoe estates il their shoulders. Imprinted at London, in Flete- they liste, privilie.” A similar ceremony was perstreet, by William Griffith, Anno Domini 1570. formed at all marriages in that age.-STEEVENS. The first of Maye.”-Steevens.

“Hare-lip."- Act V. Sc. 2. “ The tongs."-Act IV. Sc. 1.

This defect in children seems to have been so The old rustic music of the tongs and key. The much dreaded, that numerous were the charms apfilio has this stage direction : -" Musicke tongs, plied for its prevention. The following might be as Rural Musicke."-STBEVENS.

efficacious as any of the rest :-" If a woman with

chylde have her smocke slyt at the neather ende or “ Dian's bud, o'er Cupid's flower." -Act IV. Sc. 1. skýrt thereof, &c. the same chylde that she then

Dian's bud is the bud of the agnus castus, or chaste goeth withall, shall be safe from having a cloven or tree. Thus in Macer's Herball, “ The vertue of hare lippe." Thomas Lupton's Fourth Book of this herbe is, that he wyil keepe man and woman Notable Things.-STEEVENS.

LOVE'S LABOUR'S LOST.

“ The dancing horse.”-Act I. Sc. 2. to the world that his horse was nothing lesse than a la horse taught by one Bankes, to play many sin, seeke out one in the preasse of the people who had

devill. To this end, he commanded his horse to gular tricks. Sir Walter Raleigh, in his History of the World, says : -" If Bankes had lived in kneele down unto it; and not this only, but also to

a crucifis in his hat; which done, he bade him older times, he would have shamed all the enchant- rise up againe, and kisse it. And now, gentlemen ers in the world; for whosoever was most famous (quoth he), I thinke my horse hath acquitted both amongst them could never master or instruct any me and himselfe ; and so his adversaries rested sabeast as he did his horse." And Sir Kenelm Digby tisfied; conceiving (as it might seeme) that the diobserves, “That this horse would restore a glove to the due owner, after the master had whispered the yell had no power to come neare the crosse." In man's name in his ear; would tell the just number Italy, however, they were less fortunate, since at of pence in any piece of silver coin newly showed Rome, to the disgrace of the age, of the country, him by his master; and even obey presently his and of humanity, they were burnt, by order of the command, in discharging himself of his excrements, pope, for magicians. whensoever he had bade him." Among other exploits of this celebrated beast, it is said, that he

“ The hobby-horse is forgot.”—Act III. Sc. I. went up to the top of St. Paul's. His end and his In the celebration of May-day, besides the sports master's was tragical: Travelling in France, Bankes now used of banging a pole with garlands, and excited the anger of the priests

, and only escaped dancing round it, formerly a boy was dressed up, its effects in the manner following :-"Bankes came representing Maid Marian; another like a friar; into suspition of magicke, because of the strange and another rode on a hobby-horse, with bells jing feates which his horse Morocco plaied at Orleance; ling and painted streamers. Aiter the Reformatina where he, to redeem his credit, promised to manifest took place, and precisions multiplied, these latier rites were looked upon to savour of paganism, and “ Like Muscovites, or Russians, as I guess.” Maid Marian, the friar, and the poor hobby-horse,

Act V. Sc. 2. were turned out of the games.—THEOBALD.

A mask of Muscovites was no uncommon recrea

tion at court, long before Shakspeare's time. In “ A woman that is like a German clock." the first year of King Henry VIII. at a banquet

Act III. Sc. l. made for the foreign ambassadors in the parliament In a book called The Artificial Clockmaker, 1714, earle of Wiltshire, and the lorde Fitzwater, in twoo

chamber at Westminster :-"came the lorde Henry, we find the following remarks: "Clock-making was long gonnes of yellowe satin traversed with white supposed to have had its beginning in Germany satin, and in every ben of white was a bend of within less than these two hundred years. It is crimson satin, after the fashion of Russia or Rusvery probable that our balance clocks or watches, and some other automata, might have had their be lande, with furred hattes of grey on their hedes, ginning there.” Little worth remark is to be found either of them havyng an hatchet in their handes, and till towards the 16th century, and then clock-work

bootes with pykes turned up." Hall's Henry VIII. was revived or wholly invented anew in Germany,

Ritson. as is generally thought, because the ancient pieces are of German work. The mechanism of these

" Better wits have vorn plain statute-caps.” clocks was extremely complicated, and consequently

Act V. Sc. 2. they frequently wanted repairing.-STEEVENS.

Woollen caps were enjoined by act of parliament,

in the year 1571, the 15th of Queen Elizabeth. schere is the bush

“ Besides the bills passed into acts this parliament, That we must stand and play the murderer in.”

there was one which I judge not amiss to be taken Act IV. Sc. 1. notice of; it concerned the queen's care for employ

ment for her poor sorts of subjects. It was for conHow familiar the amusement of deer-shooting tinuance of making and wearing woollen caps, in once was to ladies of quality, may be known from behalfe of the trade of cappers; providing that all a letter addressed by Lord Wharton to the earl of above the age of six yeares (except the nobility and Shrewsbury, dated from Alnewick, Aug. 14, 1555. some others) should, on sabbath-days and holy-days, "I besiche yor lordeshipp to tayke some sporte of wear caps of wool, knit, thicked, and dressed in ny litell grounde there, and to command the same England, upon penalty of ten groats." even as yor lordshippes owne. My ladye may shote

STRYPE'S ANNALS OP ELIZABETH. with her cross bowe," &c.-STEEVENS,

" Lord have mercy on us !"-Act V. Sc. 2. “ Here, good my glass."-Act IV. Sc. 1.

This was the inscription put on the doors of To understand how the princess has her glass so houses infected with the plague. So in Sir Thomas ready at hand in a common conversation, it must Overbury's Characters, 1632:-—" Lord have mercy on be remembered, that in those days it was the fashion us may well stand over their doors, for debt is a among the French ladies to wear a looking glass, as most dangerous city pestilence.”—Johnson. Bayle coarsely represents it, on their bellies; that is, to have a small mirror set in gold hanging at their “And if these four worthies in their first show thrive, girdle, by which they occasionally viewed their These four will change habits, and present the other faces, or adjusted their hair. -Johnson.

five."-Act V. Sc. 2.

Shakspeare here alludes to the shifts to which the “ But, sir, I assure ye, it was a buck of the first head, actors were reduced in the old theatres, one person

'twas a pricket.”-Act IV. Sc. 2. often performing two or three parts.--Malone. In the Return from Parnassus, 1606, we find the

" Some Dick."-Act V. Sc. 2. following account of the different appellations of deer, at their different ages :-"I caused the keeper Out-roaring Dick was a celebrated singer, who to sever the rascal deer from the bucks of the first with William Wimbars, is said by Henry Chettle, head. "Now, sir, a buck is, the first year, a fawn ; in his Kind Harts Dreame, to have got twenty shil. the second year, a pricket; the third year, a sorrell ; lings a day by singing, at Braintree fair, in Essex. the fourth year, a soare; the fifth, a buck of the

MALONE. first head; the sixth year, a compleate buck. Likewise your hart is, the first year, a calf; the second “ Pageant of the nine worthies." -Act V. Sc. 2. year, a brochet ; the third year, a spade ; the fourth year, a stag; the sixth year, a hart. A roebuck is, _" The order of a Showe intended to be made

Among the Harleian MSS. we find the following: the first year, q kid; the second year, a gird; the Aug. 1, 1621. First

, Two woodmen, &c. St. George third year, a hemuse ; and these are your special fighting with the Dragon. The nine Wortbies in beasts for chase.”-STEEVENS.

complete armor with crounes of gould on their heads,

every one having his esquires to beare before him “ He comes in like a perjure."-Act IV. Sc. 3.

his shield and penon of armes, dressed according Perjury was punished by affixing a paper to the as these lords were accustomed to be, 3 Assaralits. breast, expressing the crime. Holinshed says of 3 Infidels. 3 Christians. After them, a Fame, to Wolsey, "He so punished a perjurie with open pu- declare the rare virtues and noble deedes of the 9 nishment, and open papers wearing, that in his time worthye women.”-STEEVENS. it was less used." Again, in Leicester's Commonwealth :-“The gentlemen were all taken and cast

" It was enjoined in Rome for want of linen. into prison, and afterwards were set down to Lud.

Act V, Sc.2, low, there to wear papers of perjury."--STEEVENS. A Spaniard fell in a duel. As he lay expiring, a