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The shepherds, now, from every walk and steep,
Where grateful feed attracts the dainty sheep,
Collect their flocks, and plunge them in the streams,
And cleanse their fleeces in the noontide beams.
This care perform'd, arrives another care

To catch them, one by one, their wool to shear :
Then come the tying, clipping, tarring, bleating;
The shearers' final shout, and dance, and eating.
From hence the old engravers sometimes made
This lovely month a shearer, at his trade:
And hence, the symbol to the season true,
A living hand so traces June to you.

The "Mirror of the Months," the pleasantest of "the year-books," except "The Months" of Mr. Leigh Hunt, tells us that with June,-" Summer is comecome, but not to stay; at least, not at the commencement of this month: and how should it, unless we expect that the seasons will be kind enough to conform to the devices of man, and suffer themselves to be called by what name and at what period he pleases? He must die and leave them a legacy (instead of they him) before there will be any show of justice in this. Till then the beginning of June will continue to be the latter end of May, by rights; as it was according to the old style. And, among a thousand changes, in what one has the old style been improved upon by the new? Assuredly not in that of substituting the utile for the dulce, in any eyes but those of almanacmakers. Let all lovers of spring, therefore, be fully persuaded that, for the first fortnight in June, they are living in May. We are to bear in mind that all shall thus be gaining instead of losing, by the impertinence of any breath, but that of heaven, attempting to force spring into summer, even in name alone."

It seems fitting thus to introduce the following passages, and invite the reader to proceed with the author, and take a bird's eye view of the season.

Spring may now be considered as employed in completing her toilet, and, for the first weeks of this month, putting on those last finishing touches which an accomplished beauty never trusts to any hand but her own. In the woods and groves also, she is still clothing some of her noblest and proudest attendants with their new annual attire. The oak until now has been nearly bare; and, of whatever age, has been looking old all the winter and spring, on account of its crumpled branches and wrinkled rind. Now, of whatever age, it looks young, in virtue of its new green, lighter than all the rest of the grove. Now, also, the stately walnut (standing singly or in pairs in the fore-court of ancient manor-houses, or in the home corner of the pretty parklike paddock at the back of some modern Italian villa, whose white dome it saw rise beneath it the other day, and mistakes for a mushroom,) puts forth its smooth leaves slowly, as 66 sage grave do their thoughts; and which over-caution reconciles one to the beating

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it receives in the autumn, as the best means of at once compassing its present fruit, and making it bear more; as its said prototypes in animated nature are obliged to have their brains cudgelled, before any good can be got from them.

These appearances appertain exclusively to the spring. Let us now (however reluctantly) take a final leave of that lovely and love-making season, and at once step forward into the glowing presence of summer contenting ourselves, however, to touch the hem of her rich garments, and not attempting to look into her heart, till she lays that open to us herself next month: for whatever schoolboys calendar-makers may say to the contrary, Midsummer never happens in England till July.

To saunter, at mid June, beneath the shade of some old forest, situated in the neighbourhood of a great town, so that paths are worn through it, and you can make your way with ease in any direction, gives one the idea of being transferred, by some strange magic, from the surface of the earth to the bottom of the sea! (I say it gives one this idea; for I cannot answer for more, in matters of so arbitrary a nature as the association of ideas.) Over head, and round about, you hear the sighing, the whispering, or the roaring (as the wind pleases) of a thousand billows; and looking upwards, you see the light of heaven transmitted faintly, as if through a mass of green waters. Hither and thither, as you move along, strange forms flit swiftly about you, which may, for any thing you can see or hear to the contrary, be exclusive natives of the new world in which your fancy chooses to find itself: they may be fishes, if that pleases; for they are as mute as such, and glide through the liquid element as swiftly. Now and then, indeed, one of larger growth, and less lubricated movements, lumbers up from beside your path, and cluttering noisily away to a little distance, may chance to scare for a moment your submarine reverie. too may perhaps here step in, and try to persuade you that the cause of interruption was not a fish but a pheasant. But in fact, if your fancy is one of those which are disposed to "listen to reason,” it will not be able to lead you into spots of the above kind without your gun in your hand,- -one report of which will put all fancies to flight in a moment, as well as every thing else that has wings. To re

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turn, therefore, to our walk,-what do all these strange objects look like, that stand silently about us in the dim twilight, some spiring straight up, and tapering as they ascend, till they lose themselves in the green waters above-some shattered and splintered, leaning against each other for support, or lying heavily on the floor on which we walk-some half buried in that floor, as if they had lain dead there for ages, and become incorporate with it? what do all these seem, but wrecks and fragments of some mighty vessel, that has sunk down here from above, and lain weltering and wasting away, till these are all that is left of it! Even the floor itself on which we stand, and the vegetation it puts forth, are unlike those of any other portion of the earth's surface, and may well recall, by their strange appearance in the half light, the fancies that have come upon us when we have read or dreamt of those gifted beings, who, like Ladurlad in Kehama, could walk on the floor of the sea, without waiting, as the visiters at watering-places are obliged to do, for the tide to go out.

Stepping forth into the open fields, what a bright pageant of summer beauty is spread out before us!-Everywhere about our feet flocks of wild-flowers

" Do paint the meadow with delight." We must not stay to pluck and particularize them; for most of them have already had their greeting-let us pass along beside this flourishing hedge-row. The first novelty of the season that greets us here is perhaps the sweetest, the freshest, and fairest of all, and the only one that could supply an adequate substitute for the hawthorn bloom which it has superseded. Need the eglantine be named? the "sweet-leaved eglantine;" the "rainscented eglantine;" eglantine-to which the sun himself pays homage, by "counting his dewy rosary" on every morning; eglantine which Chaucer, and even Shakspeare-but hold-whatsoever the poets themselves may insinuate to the contrary, to read poetry in the presence of nature is a kind of impiety: it is like reading the commentators on Shakspeare, and skipping the text; for you cannot attend to both to say nothing of nature's book being a vade mecum that can make every man his own poet" for the time being; and there is, after all, no poetry like that which we create for ourselves.

Begging pardon of the eglantine for having permitted any thing-even her own likeness in the poet's looking-glassto turn our attention from her real self,look with what infinite grace she scatters her sweet coronals here and there among her bending branches; or hangs them, half-concealed, among the heavy blossoms of the woodbine that lifts itself so boldly above her, after having first clung to her for support; or permits them to peep out here and there close to the ground, and almost hidden by the rank weeds below; or holds out a whole archway of them, swaying backward and forward in the breeze, as if praying of the passer's hand to pluck them. Let who will praise the hawthorn-now it is no more! The wild rose is the queen of forest flowers, if it be only because she is as unlike a queen as the absence of every thing courtly can make her.

The woodbine deserves to be held next in favour during this month; though more on account of its intellectual than its personal beauty. All the air is faint with its rich sweetness; and the delicate breath of its lovely rival is lost in the luscious odours which it exhales.

These are the only scented wild flowers that we shall now meet with in any profusion; for though the violet may still be found by looking for, its breath has lost much of its spring power. But, if we are content with mere beauty, this month is perhaps more profuse of it than any other even in that department of nature which we are now examining-namely, the fields and woods.

The woods and groves, and the single forest trees that rise here and there from out the bounding hedge-rows, are now in full foliage; all, however, presenting a somewhat sombre, because monotonous, hue, wanting all the tender newness of the spring, and all the rich variety of the autumn. And this is the more observable, because the numerous plots of cultivated land, divided from each other by the hedge-rows, and looking, at this distance, like beds in a garden divided by box, are nearly all still invested with the same green mantle; for the wheat, the oats, the barley, and even the early rye, though now in full flower, have not yet become tinged with their harvest hues. They are all alike green; and the only change that can be seen in their appearance is that caused by the different lights into which each is thrown, as the wind

passes over them. The patches of purple or of white clover that intervene here and there, and are now in flower, offer striking exceptions to the above, and at the same time load the air with their sweetness. Nothing can be more rich and beautiful in its effect on a distant prospect at this season, than a great patch of purple clover lying apparently motionless on a sunny upland, encompassed by a whole sea of green corn, waving and shifting about it at every breath that blows.

The hitherto full concert of the singing birds is now beginning to falter, and fall short. We shall do well to make the most of it now; for in two or three weeks it will almost entirely cease till the autumn. I mean that it will cease as a full concert; for we shall have single songsters all through the summer at intervals; and those some of the sweetest and best. The best of all, indeed, the nightingale, we have now lost. So that the youths and maidens who now go in pairs to the wood-side, on warm nights, to listen for its song, (hoping they may not hear it,) are well content to hear each other's voice instead.

We have still, however, some of the finest of the second class of songsters left; for the nightingale, like Catalani, is a class by itself. The mere chorus-singers

of the grove are also beginning to be silent; so that the jubilate that has been chanting for the last month is now over. But the Stephenses, the Trees, the Patons, and the Poveys, are still with us, under the forms of the woodlark, the skylark, the blackcap, and the goldfinch. And the first-named of these, now that it no longer fears the rivalry of the unrivalled, not seldom, on warm nights, sings at intervals all night long, poised at one spot high up in the soft moonlit air.

We have still another pleasant little singer, the field cricket, whose clear shrill voice the warm weather has now matured to its full strength, and who must not be forgotten, though he has but one song to offer us all his life long, and that one consisting but of one note; for it is a note of joy, and will not be heard without engendering its like. You may hear him in wayside banks, where the sun falls hot, shrilling out his loud cry into the still air all day long, as he sits at the mouth of his cell; and if you chance to be passing by the same spot at midnight, you may hear it then too.*

Yet by him who holds this " Mirror," we must not be "charmed" from our repose, but take the advice of a poet, the contemporary and friend of Cowper.

Let us not borrow from the hours of rest,
For we must steal from morning to repay.
And who would lose the animated smile
Of dawning day, for the austere frown of night?
I grant her well accoutred in her suit

Of dripping sable, powder'd thick with stars,
And much applaud her as she passes by
With a replenish'd horn on either brow!
But more I love to see awaking day

Rise with a fluster'd cheek; a careful maid,
Who fears she has outslept the custom'd hour,
And leaves her chamber blushing. Hence to rest;
I will not prattle longer to detain you
Under the dewy canopy of night.

Hurdis.

June 1.

Ovid assigns the first of June to "Carna," the goddess of the hinge; who also presided over the vital parts of man, especially the liver and the heart. Massey,

commenting on his taste, cannot divine the connection between such a power and the patronage of hinges. "False notions," he says, "in every mode of religion, lead men naturally into confusion."

Mirror of the Months.

Carna, the goddess of the hinge, demands
The first of June; upon her power depends
To open what is shut, what's shut unbar;

And whence this power she has, my muse declare;
For length of time has made the thing obscure,
Fame only tells us that she has that power.
Helernus' grove near to the Tiber lies,
Where still the priests repair to sacrifice;

From hence a nymph, whose name was Granè, sprung,
Whom many, unsuccessful, courted long;

To range the spacious fields, and kill the deer,

With darts and mangling spears, was all her care;

She had no quiver, yet so bright she seemed,

She was by many Phoebus' sister deemed.

Ovid.

The poet then relates that Janns made this Granè (or Carna) goddess of the hinge

And then a white thorn stick he to her gave,
By which she ever after power should have,
To drive by night all om'nous birds away,
That scream, and o'er our houses hov'ring stray.

NATURALISTS' CALENDAR. Mean Temperature... 57 • 05.

June 2.

A ROGUE IN GRAIN, June 2, 1759. To the Editor of the Every-Day Book.

Newark, Notts, May 17, 1826. Sir, It appears to me that there have been in "old times," which we suppose "good times," rogues in grain. To prove it, I herewith transmit the copy of an advertisement, from the "Cambridge Journal" of 1759. Wishing you an increasing sale to your interesting EveryDay Book, I remain, &c.

BENJAMIN JOHNSON.

ADVERTISEMENT.

WHEREAS I WILLIAM MARGARETS the younger, was, at the last Assizes for the County of Cambridge, convicted upon an indictment, for an attempt to raise the price of Corn in Ely-market, upon the 24th day of September, 1757, by offering the sum of Six Shillings a Bushel for Wheat, for which no more than Five Shillings and Ninepence was demanded; And whereas, on the earnest solicitation and request of myself and friends, the prosecutor has been prevailed upon to forbear any further prosecution against me, on my submitting to make the following satisfaction, viz. upon my paying the sum of £50 to the poor inhabitants of the town of Ely; and the further sum of £50 to the poor inhabitants of the town of

Cambridge, to be distributed by the Minister and Church-wardens of the several parishes in the said town; and the full costs of the prosecution; and upon my reading this acknowledgment of my offence publicly, and with a loud voice, in the presence of a Magistrate, Constable, or other peace officer of the said town of Ely, at the Market-place there, between the hours of twelve and one o'clock, on a public market-day, and likewise subscribing and publishing the same in three of the Evening Papers, printed at London, and in the Cambridge Journal, on four different days; and I have accordingly paid the two sums of £50, and Costs; and do hereby confess myself to have been guilty of the said offence, and testify my sincere and hearty sorrow in having committed a crime,

which, in its consequences, tended so
much to increase the distress of the poor,
in the late calamitous scarcity: And I do
hereby most humbly acknowledge the
lenity of the prosecutor, and beg Fardon
of the public in general, and of the town
of Ely in particular. This paper was
read by me at the public Market-place at
Ely, in the presence of Thomas Aungier,
Gentleman, chief constable, on the 2d Day
of June, 1759, being a public Market-
day there; and is now, as a further proof
of the just sense I have of the heinous-
ness of my crime, subscribed and pub-
lished by me

WILLIAM MARGARETS.
Witness, JAMES DAY,
Under Sheriff of Cambridgeshire.

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