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PHYSICAL RESEARCH PROGRAM

(2) Crystal Physics

FY 1972: $ 10,040,156 FY 1973: $ 9,809,000 FY 1974: $ 10,554,000 Under this subactivity, research is conducted to increase our understanding of the physics of crystalline metals and nonmetals. Experimental and theoretical research is undertaken at the frontier of solid state physics involving the electronic, magnetic and thermal properties of crystals. An increase of $745,000 is planned. One of the main thrusts in this subactivity is the neutron scattering program. About $4,500,000 is scheduled for this research. In this work, neutrons are used to probe the magnetic, atomic and vibrational spectra of solids. No other technique is available for such research. However, it is an expensive program since it requires funds for operating research reactors. A new cold neutron facility will become operational at Brookhaven in FY 1974, to provide long wavelength neutrons for advanced solid state studies. High flux research reactors are only available at AEC laboratories and are therefore National Facilities. There is considerable interaction between National Laboratory staffs and university and industrial scientists. The bulk of the neutron scattering research is conducted at 5 facilities: Brookhaven High Flux Beam Reactor, Oak Ridge Research Reactor, Oak Ridge High Flux Isotope Reactor, Ames Research Reactor and Argonne CP-5 Reactor. Added emphasis will be placed on superconductivity research and theoretical calculations to determine the electronic structure of actinide metals. Laser light scattering and synchrotron radiation scattering will be used to study the optical properties of solids. More work will be pursued in the very low temperature region (just one-thousandth of a degree above absolute zero). This latter research is important, since at these very low temperatures matter in its most simple (or ordered) state can be observed and certain theories can be tested.

(3) Energetic Particle Interaction

FY 1972: $ 2,775,044

FY 1973: $ 2,648,000 FY 1974: $ 2,978,000 The interaction of all forms of radiation with matter are under study in this subactivity. An increase of $330,000 is scheduled. In this portion of the metallurgy and materials program, the theoretical and experimental foundation for both fusion and fission reactor radiation effects is established. The work encompasses all types of radiation--electron, ion, gamma and neutron. Research is conducted utilizing reactors, accelerators and isotopic sources. At Oak Ridge and Brookhaven, radiation effects in superconductors will be pursued. This is important research, and it should be noted that both the irradiation and property measurements must be carried out at low temperatures, about 4 degrees Kelvin. These results will be of value in assessing the impact of defects on superconductivity and will eventually be useful to the fusion program. Theoretical research will be carried out to determine the effect of higher neutron energies on displacement damage in metals. The use of channeling to determine crystalline properties will increase. Channeling is a phenomena whereby charged ions are transmitted easily through crystals oriented in particular directions with respect to the ion beam. The recovery spectra of defects introduced at low temperature in metals by irradiation will be determined. This research is of a continuing nature, but is highly significant for understanding, for instance, the basic reason for the formation of voids in high temperature fuel cladding material. A new technique involving positron annihilation will be exploited in the study of the nature of defects.

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Obligations for the Physical Research Program for FY 1974 are estimated at $53,650,000 of which:

a.

$18,300,000 is for the construction projects listed in Section A below, requested for authorization in the proposed FY 1974 Authorization Act or were previously authorized and for which a request for appropriation is being made in FY 1974.

b. $35,350,000 is for Capital Equipment Not Related to Construction justified in Section B below, requested for authorization in the proposed FY 1974 Authorization Act.

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The projects comprising Section A, which are requested for authorization in FY 1974 or which were previously authorized and for which a request for appropriation is being made in FY 1974 are:

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74-4-b

Accelerator and reactor improvements, medium and low energy physics ....

$

600,000

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600,000 $

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PHYSICAL RESEARCH PROGRAM

continued

1.

EXPLANATION OF PROJECTS IN SECTION A

74-4-a Accelerator and reactor improvements, high energy physics

$ 1,700,000 This project provides for annual additions, modifications, and improvements to a variety of research facilities at those laboratories where major high energy physics accelerators are located. Funding of this type is required in order to improve reliability and efficiency of operations, and to prevent obsolesence by incorporation of the latest technological innovations. Facilities which require improvements under this project include the Zero Gradient Synchrotron at Argonne; the Stanford Linear Accelerator; the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron, High Flux Beam Reactor and Tandem Van de Graaff at Brookhaven; and the Bevat ron, 88" Cyclotron, 184" Cyclotron, and Super HILAC at Berkeley.

No determination has been made as to the allocation of these funds among various locations, or as to the sub-projects which will be selected. In view of rapidly changing research requirements and technology, final selection will be made near the beginning of FY 1974 in order to assure most efficient utilization of available funding. No significant R&D program is anticipated as a prerequisite for design and construction of the sub-projects under consideration.

The following research devices are under consideration for accelerator improvement funding:

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PHYSICAL RESEARCH PROGRAM

2.

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74-4-b Accelerator and reactor improvements medium and low energy physics

600,000

Funds requested under this project are required for improvements, additions, and modifications to AEC-owned medium and low energy accelerator and reactor facilities. At the present time, requirements exist at Argonne National Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, and Yale University. The item listed below is an example of the type of sub-projects under consideration. No determination has been made as to the final allocation of these funds among various locations, or as to the sub-projects which will be selected. No significant R&D program is anticipated as a prerequisite for design and construction of the sub-projects under consideration.

Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory

A.

Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility (Cockcroft-Walton high voltage generator, Faraday
cage enclosure, 750 keV accelerating column. beam transport system, and polarized
ion source)

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Total Project Cost

3.

74-5-a Computation building, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, California

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The computation building will be a new facility of approximately 39,500 gross square feet and 28,800 net square feet. Construction will involve a structural concrete frame, concrete floors and shear walls, fluted reinforced concrete siding, and built-up roofing on an insulated concrete roof deck. Also included are air conditioning, humidity control and high efficiency air filtration in tape and disk storage/use areas, services and utilities.

This building is required to house the SLAC Computer Facility, which is presently housed in temporary buildings and in the Central Laboratory Addition. The interim use of temporary buildings has been permitted by the Stanford University Board of Trustees with the understanding that they would be replaced with permanent structures soon after completion of the SLAC construction project. Building size has been based on requirements of the existing IBM 360/75-91 computer system, and on two IBM 370/168 systems scheduled for delivery in FY 1974. Average occupancy of the building is expected to be approximately 130 persons during prime shift time. No R&D program is anticipated as a prerequisite for design and construction of the proposed project. Operating costs of the facility are estimated at approximately $60-65 thousand

per year.

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