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nature and circumstances of the judicial or other proceeding, application, request for a ruling or other determination, contract, claim, controversy, charge, accusation, arrest, or other particular matter and makes full disclosure of the financial interest and receives in advance a written determination made by such official that the interest is not so substantial as to be deemed likely to affect the integrity of the services which the Government may expect from such officer or employee, or (2) if, by general rule or regulation published in the Federal Register, the financial interest has been exempted from the requirements of clause (1) hereof as being too remote or too inconsequential to affect the integrity of Government officers' or employees' services. (Added Pub. L. 87-849, § 1(a), Oct. 23, 1962, 76 Stat. 1124.)

Sec. 209. Salary of Government officials and employees payable only by United States

(a) Whoever receives any salary, or any contribution to or supplementation of salary, as compensation for his service as an officer or employee of the executive branch of the United States Government, of any independent agency of the United States, or of the District of Columbia, from any source other than the Government of the United States, except as may be contributed out of the treasury of any State, county, or municipality; or

Whoever, whether an individual, partnership, association, corporation, or other organization pays, or makes any contribution to, or in any way supplements the salary of, any such officer or employee under circumstances which would make its receipt a violation of this subsection—

Shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both.

(b) Nothing herein prevents an officer or employee of the executive branch of the United States Government, or of any independent agency of the United States, or of the District of Columbia, from continuing to participate in a bona fide pension, retirement, group life, health or accident insurance, profit-sharing, stock bonus, or other employee welfare or benefit plan maintained by a former employer.

(c) This section does not apply to a special Government employee or to an officer or employee of the Government serving without compensation, whether or not he is a special Government employee, or to any person paying, contributing to, or supplementing his salary as such.

(d) This section does not prohibit payment or acceptance of contributions, awards, or other expenses under the terms of the Government Employees Training Act (Public Law 85-507, 72 Stat. 327; 5 U.S.C. 2301-2319, July 7, 1958). (Added Pub. L. 87–849, § 1(a), Oct. 23, 1962, 76 Stat. 1125.)

Sec. 210. Offer to procure appointive public office

Whoever pays or offers or promises any money or thing of value, to any person, firm, or corporation in consideration of the use or promise to use any influence to procure any appointive office or place under the United States for any person, shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 210, formerly § 214, 62 Stat. 694, renumbered Oct. 23, 1962, Pub. L. 87-849, § 1(b), 76 Stat. 1125.)

Sec. 211. Acceptance or solicitation to obtain appointive public office

Whoever solicits or receives, either as a political contribution, or for personal emolument, any money or thing of value, in consideration of the promise of support or use of influence in obtaining for any person any appointive office or place under the United States, shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both.

Whoever solicits or receives any thing of value in consideration of aiding a person to obtain employment under the United States either by referring his name to an executive department or agency of the United States or by requiring the payment of a fee because such person has secured such employment shall be fined not more than $1,000, or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. This section shall not apply to such services rendered by an employment agency pursuant to the written request of an executive department or agency of the

United States. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 211, formerly § 215, 62 Stat. 694, amended Sept. 13, 1951, ch. 380, 65 Stat. 319; renumbered Oct. 23, 1962, Pub. L. 87-849, § 1(b), 76 Stat. 1125.)

Sec. 218. Voiding transactions in violation of chapter; recovery by the United States

In addition to any other remedies provided by law the President or, under regulations prescribed by him, the head of any department or agency involved, may declare void and rescind any contract, loan, grant, subsidy, license, right, permit, franchise, use, authority, privilege, benefit, certificate, ruling, decision, opinion, or rate schedule awarded, granted, paid, furnished, or published, or the performance of any service or transfer or delivery of any thing to, by or for any agency of the United States or officer or employee of the United States or person acting on behalf thereof, in relation to which there has been a final conviction for any violation of this chapter, and the United States shall be entitled to recover in addition to any penalty prescribed by law or in a contract the amount expended or the thing transferred or delivered on its behalf, or the reasonable value thereof. (Added Pub. L. 87-849, § 1(e), Oct. 23, 1962, 76 Stat. 1125.)

"HATCH ACT"

18 U.S.C., secs. 595 and 598

Sec. 595. Interference by administrative employees of Federal, State, or Territorial Governments

Whoever, being a person employed in any administrative position by the United States, or by any department or agency thereof, or by the District of Columbia or any agency or instrumentality thereof, or by any State, Territory, or Possession of the United States, or any political subdivision, municipality, or agency thereof, or agency of such political subdivision or municipality (including any corporation owned or controlled by any State, Territory, or Possession of the United States or by any such political subdivision, municipality, or agency), in connection with any activity which is financed in whole or in part by loans or grants made by the United States, or any department or agency thereof, uses his official authority for the purpose of interfering with, or affecting the nomination or the election of any candidate for the office of President, Vice President, Presidential elector, Member of the Senate, Member of the House of Representatives, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner from any Territory or Possession, shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both.

This section shall not prohibit or make unlawful any act by any officer or employee of any educational or research institution, establishment, agency, or system which is supported in whole or in part by any state or political subdi. vision thereof, or by the District of Columbia or by any Territory or Possession of the United States; or by any recognized religious, philanthropic or cultural organization. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 720.)

Sec. 598. Coercion by means of relief appropriations

Whoever uses any part of any appropriation made by Congress for work relief, relief, or for increasing employment by providing loans and grants for public-works projects, or exercises or administers any authority conferred by any Appropriation Act for the purpose of interfering with, restraining, or coercing any individual in the exercise of his right to vote at any election, shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. (June 25, 1958, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 721.)

ELECTIONS AND POLITICAL ACTIVITIES

18 U.S.C., secs. 601-603

Sec. 601. Deprivation of employment or other benefit for political activity

Whoever, except as required by law, directly or indirectly, deprives, attempts to deprive, or threatens to deprive any person of any employment, position, work, compensation, or other benefit provided for or made possible by any Act of Congress appropriating funds for work relief or relief purposes, on account of race, creed, color, or any political activity, support of, or opposition to any candidate or any political party in any election, shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 721.)

Sec. 602. Solicitation of political contributions

Whoever, being a Senator or Representative in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, or a candidate for Congress, or individual elected as, Senator, Representative, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner, or an officer or employee of the United States or any department or agency thereof, or a person receiving any salary or compensation for services from money derived from the Treasury of the United States, directly or indirectly solicits, receives, or is in any manner concerned in soliciting or receiving, any assessment, subscription, or contribution for any political purpose whatever, from any other such officer, employee, or person, shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than three years, or both. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 722.)

Sec. 603. Place of solicitation

Whoever, in any room or building occupied in the discharge of official duties by any person mentioned in section 602 of this title, or in any navy yard, fort, or arsenal, solicits or receives any contribution of money or other thing of value for any political purpose, shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than three years, or both. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 722; Oct. 31, 1951, ch. 655, § 20 (b), 65 Stat. 718.)

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18 U.S.C., secs. 1001 and 1020

Sec. 1001. Statements or entries generally

Whoever, in any matter within the jurisdiction of any department or agency of the United States knowingly and willfully falsifies, conceals or covers up by any trick, scheme, or device a material fact, or makes any false, fictitious or fraudulent statements or representations, or makes or uses any false writing or document knowing the same to contain any false, fictitious or fraudulent statement or entry, shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 749.)

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Whoever, being an officer, agent, or employee of the United States, or of any State or Territory, or whoever, whether a person, association, firm, or corporation, knowingly makes any false statement, false representation, or false report as to the character, quality, quantity, or cost of the material used or to be used, or the quantity or quality of the work performed or to be performed, or the costs thereof in connection with the submission of plans, maps, specifications, contracts, or costs of construction of any highway or related project submitted for approval to the Secretary of Commerce; or

Whoever knowingly makes any false statement, false representation, false report, or false claim with respect to the character, quality, quantity, or cost of

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any work performed or to be performed, or materials furnished or to be furnished, in connection with the construction of any highway or related project approved by the Secretary of Commerce; or

Whoever knowingly makes any false statement or false representation as to a material fact in any statement, certificate, or report submitted pursuant to the provisions of the Federal-Aid Road Act approved July 11, 1916 (39 Stat. 355), as amended and supplemented,

Shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 753; Oct. 31, 1951, ch. 655, § 27, 65 Stat. 721; May 6, 1954, ch. 181, § 18, 68 Stat. 76.)

NATIONAL PARK APPROACH ROADS

16 U.S.C., sec. 8a-d

Sec. 8a. National-park approach roads; designation

Whenever the Secretary of the Interior shall determine it to be in the public interest he may designate as national-park approach roads and as supplementary parts of the highway systems of any of the national parks roads whose primary value is to carry national-park travel and which lead across lands wholly or to the extent of 90 per centum owned by the Government of the United States and which will connect the highways within a national park with a convenient point on or leading to the Federal 7 per centum highway system: Provided, That such approach roads so designated shall be limited to not to exceed sixty miles in length between a park gateway and such point on or leading to the nearest convenient 7 per centum system road; or, if such approach road is on the 7 per centum system, it shall be limited to not to exceed thirty miles: Provided further, That not to exceed forty miles of any one approach road shall be designated in any one county. (Apr. 9, 1924, ch. 86, § 4, as added Jan. 31, 1931, ch. 79, 46 Stat. 1053.)

Sec. 8b. National-park approach roads and roads and trails within national parks and national monuments; construction, improvement, and maintenance; appropriation

The Secretary of the Interior is authorized during the fiscal years 1950 and 1951 to construct, reconstruct, and improve national-park approach roads designated under section 8a of this title, inclusive of necessary bridges, and to enter into agreements for the maintenance thereof by State or county authorities, or to maintain them when otherwise necessary, as well as hereafter to construct, reconstruct, and improve roads and trails within the national parks and national monuments; and for all such purposes there is authorized to be appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, the following sums: $10,000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1950; the sum of $10,000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1951: Provided, That under agreement with the Secretary of the Interior the Secretary of Commerce may carry out any or all of the provisions of this section: Provided further, That not to exceed $1,500,000 shall be allocated annually for the construction, reconstruction, and improvement of such national-park approach roads: And provided further, That nothing in this section or sections 8a and 8c of this title shall be construed to limit the authority of the Secretary of the Interior to hereafter construct, reconstruct, improve, and maintain roads and trails within the national parks and national monuments. (Apr. 9, 1924, ch. 86, § 5, as added Jan. 31, 1931, ch. 79, 46 Stat. 1053, and amended 1939 Reorg. Plan No. 1, §§ 301, 302, eff. July 1, 1939, 4 F.R. 2727, 53 Stat. 1426; June 29, 1948, ch. 732, § 4(a), 62 Stat. 1107; June 30, 1949, ch. 288, title I, § 103, 63 Stat. 380; 1949 Reorg. Plan No. 7, § 2, eff. Aug. 10, 1949, 14 F.R. 5228, 63 Stat. 1070.)

Sec. 8c. National-park approach roads across or within national forests; approval of Secretary of Agriculture

Whenever any approach road is proposed under the terms of section 8a of this title across or within any national forest the Secretary of the Interior shall secure the approval of the Secretary of Agriculture before construction shall begin. (Apr. 9, 1924, ch. 86, § 6, as added Jan. 31, 1931, ch. 79, 46 Stat. 1054.)

Sec. 8d. National-monuments approach roads

Approach roads to national monuments shall be included within the provisions of sections 8a-8c of this title under the same conditions as approach roads to national parks, and the limitation therein on the amount of annual allocation of funds to national park approach roads shall be inclusive of such national monument approaches. (Mar. 4, 1931, ch. 522, title I, 46 Stat. 1570.)

UNITED STATES AS DEFENDANT

28 U.S.C., sec. 1346

Sec. 1346. United States as defendant

(a) The district courts shall have original jurisdiction, concurrent with the Court of Claims, of:

(1) Any civil action against the United States for the recovery of any internal-revenue tax alleged to have been erroneously or illegally assessed or collected, or any penalty claimed to have been collected without authority or any sum alleged to have been excessive or in any manner wrongfully collected under the internal-revenue laws;

(2) Any other civil action or claim against the United States, not exceeding $10,000 in amount, founded either upon the Constitution, or any Act of Congress, or any regulation of an executive department, or upon any express or implied contract with the United States, or for liquidated or unliquidated damages in cases not sounding in tort.

(b) Subject to the provisions of chapter 171 of this title, the district courts, together with United States District Court for the District of the Canal Zone and the District Court of the Virgin Islands, shall have exclusive jurisdiction of civil actions on claims against the United States, for money damages, accruing on and after January 1, 1945, for injury or loss of property, or personal injury or death caused by the negligent or wrongful act or omission of any employee of the Government while acting within the scope of his office or employment, under circumstances where the United States, if a private person, would be liable to the claimant in accordance with the law of the place where the act or omission occurred.

(c) The jurisdiction conferred by this section includes jurisdiction of any setoff, counterclaim, or other claim or demand whatever on the part of the United States against any plaintiff commencing an action under this section. (d) The district courts shall not have jurisdiction under this section of: (1) Any civil action or claim for a pension;

(2) Any civil action or claim to recover fees, salary, or compensation for official services of officers or employees of the United States. (June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 933; Apr. 25, 1949, ch. 92, § 2(a), 63 Stat. 62; May 24, 1949, ch. 139, § 80(a), (b), 63 Stat. 101; Oct. 31, 1951, ch. 655, § 50 (b), 65 Stat. 727; July 30, 1954, ch. 648, § 1, 68 Stat. 589; July 7, 1958, Pub. L. 85-508, § 12(e), 72 Stat. 348.)

VENUE GENERALLY

28 U.S.C., sec. 1391

Sec. 1391. Venue generally

(a) A civil action wherein jurisdiction is founded only on diversity of citizenship may, except as otherwise provided by law, be brought only in the judicial district where all plaintiffs or all defendants reside.

(b) A civil action wherein jurisdiction is not founded solely on diversity of citizenship may be brought only in the judicial district where all defendants reside, except as otherwise provided by law.

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