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Pope said that he became Secretary of State 'to oblige the Countess and to qualify himself to be owned for her husband.' Spence's Anec. p. 47. Pope probably alludes to him when he describes his own father as

'Born to no pride, inheriting no strife,
Nor marrying discord in a noble wife.'

Prol. Sat. 1. 392.

'A tradition which began early, which has been generally received, and to which we have nothing to oppose, has represented his wife as an arrogant and imperious woman.' MACAULAY, Essays, iv. 248.

In his will, with the exception of an annuity of £50 to his mother [step-mother], and a legacy of £500 to his sister, he left everything to his dear and loving wife.' Works, vi. 525. She, in her will, 'desired to be buried "in the vault in Kensington Church with my dear and beloved son if there be room; if not, then I desire to be buried in the same vault in King Henry VII's Chapel where my dear husband Mr. Addison is now buried." She was buried at Kensington on July 12, 1731. N. & Q. 7 S. x. 513.

Tickell, in his Elegy on Addison, while he speaks of the grief of the step-son, says nothing of the widow. Works, Preface, p. 13.

'I used to think myself in company as much above me when I was with Mr. Addison and Mr. Pope as if I had been with all the Princes in Europe.' CHESTERFIELD, Letters to his Son, i. 280.

APPENDIX R (PAGE 115)

These words are not in The Old Whig, which Johnson had never read (see ADDISON, 97). They seem condensed from the following passage in Biog. Brit. 1778, p. 52:-'He styles him a perfect master in the vocation of pamphlet-writing in one place; calls him little Dicky in another.' This is taken from The Old Whig, No. 2 :-'The author of The Plebeian, to show himself a perfect master in the vocation of pamphlet-writing &c. ... But our Author's chief concern is for the poor House of Commons, whom he represents as naked and defenceless, when the Crown, by losing this prerogative, would be less able to protect them against the power of a House of Lords. Who forbears laughing, when the Spanish friar represents LITTLE DICKEY under the person of Gomez, insulting the Colonel that was able to fright him out of his wits with a single frown.' [The Old Whig, 1719, Numb. ii. pp. 1, 4;] Addison's Works, v. 284, 287. Macaulay 'confidently affirms that Addison's little Dicky had no more to do with Steele than Sheridan's little Isaac [in The Duenna] with Newton. . . . Little Dicky was the nickname of Henry Norris, an actor of remarkably small stature, but of great humour, who played the usurer Gomez in Dryden's Spanish Friar? Essays, iv. 251. For Macaulay's exultation over his sagacity in this discovery see his Life, ii. 129. Nevertheless it may be as confidently affirmed that Addison introduced 'little Dicky' maliciously, with an after-reference to Steele, which would be everywhere understood.

APPENDIX S (PAGE 118)

'Addison died in what is now the dining-room.' Princess Liechtenstein's Holland House, ii. 77.

Macaulay, in his article on Lord Holland, thus writes of Holland House : -Those turrets and gardens which are associated with so much that is interesting and noble, with the courtly magnificence of Rich, with the loves of Ormond, with the counsels of Cromwell, with the death of Addison.' MACAULAY, Essays, iii. 285. He quotes also 'those tender and graceful lines addressed' by Tickell to the house. Addison's Works, Preface, p. 15; Eng. Poets, xxxix. 248. See also his Essays, iv. 246.

Johnson passes over the midnight funeral in Westminster Abbey, finely described in Tickell's Elegy. Bishop Newton tells how 'the King's Scholars of Westminster School [he was one of them], in their surplices, with their white tapers in their hands, attended the funeral; the service was observed to be performed with more than common solemnity by Bishop Atterbury [the Dean].' Newton's Works, 1782, i. 11. Addison's daughter died in 1797. Works, v. 424. Mrs. Piozzi wrote on the margin of The Tatler, 1789, iv. 333:-'My mother said Miss Addison was half a fool, though she showed some signs of wit too. Miss Boycott, my first cousin, went to school with her in Queen Square then Calverley's, now Stevenson's.' See also ib. iv. 330 n.; [N. & Q. 10 S. i. 149-51].

For Mr. Scharf's 'notes on the portraits of Addison' see Bloxam's Reg. of Mag. Coll. vi. 92.

APPENDIX T (PAGE 119)

In Addisoniana, i. 3 (where the authority for the story is not given) Addison is reported to have said:-'I have only ninepence in my pocket, but I can draw for a thousand pounds.'

Lamb quotes from Fuller :-'He carried learning enough in numerato about him in his pockets for any discourse, and had much more at home in his chests for any serious dispute.' Poems, &c., 1888, p. 266. For sayings of the same kind see Boswell's Johnson, ii. 256. See also ib. iii. 339.

'I desire to converse with people of this world, who bring into company their share, at least, of cheerfulness, good breeding and knowledge of mankind. In common life one much oftener wants small money and silver than gold.' CHESTERFIELD, Letters to his Son, iii. 350.

In a note on The Tatler, ed. 1789, iv. 250, it is stated, on the authority of Dr. Birch, that Addison had lent some money to a friend with whom he had hitherto lived in perfect equality. 'From this time his friend agreed implicitly to everything he advanced. One day he entirely acquiesced in his opinion' on a subject which before they had keenly disputed. 'Addison vented his displeasure by saying with some emotion, "Sir, either contradict me, or pay me my money.' For the failure of Cowley and Dryden in conversation see ante, COWLEY, 200, and DRYDEN, 168.

APPENDIX U (PAGE 121)

Johnson's authority is Spence's Anec. pp. 49, 50. 'I have been informed that Addison was so extremely nice in polishing his prose compositions that when almost a whole impression of a Spectator was worked off, he would stop the press to insert a new preposition or conjunction.' J. WARTON, Essay on Pope, i. 149.

' Mr. Richard Nutt, one of the first printers of The Tatler, remembers that the press was stopped, and not seldom, but not by Addison, or for the sake of inserting some new prepositions or conjunctions; it was stopped, he said, for want of copy.' J. NICHOLS, The Tatler, 1789, ii. 265 n. Nichols quotes an advertisement to No. 77:-'Having these moon-shining nights been much taken up with my astronomical observations, I could not attend to the press so carefully as I ought, by which means more than ordinary errata have crept into my writings, even to the making of false English.' Ib. p. 263. Nichols adds that, if there were errata in Addison's papers, 'he never failed to rectify them' in his next paper. As it was Steele who, in the case of The Tatler, Spectator, and Guardian, 'delivered the papers immediately to the press' (so Nutt reported), Nichols disbelieves Warton's story. Ib. p. 265.

also ib. iii. 297.

See

For an example of Addison's polishing his sentences see Courthope's Addison, p. 189.

APPENDIX X (PAGE 123)

'Oct. 31, 1710. I dined with Mr. Addison and Dick Stuart; a treat of Addison's. They were half fuddled, but not I; for I mixed water with my wine.' SWIFT, Works, ii. 63. On the following Nov. 18 Steele in The Tatler, No. 252, described Addison :-'A gentleman who has an inexhaustible source of wit to entertain the curious, the grave, the humorous and the frolic. . . . Yet in a coffee-house... he appears rather dull than sprightly. You can seldom get him to a tavern, but when once he is arrived to his pint, and begins to look about and like his company, you admire a thousand things in him which before lay buried.... He tells us a story, serious or comical, with as much delicacy of humour as Cervantes himself.'

Berkeley says of the first performance of Cato:-'I was present with Mr. Addison and two or three more friends in a side box, where we had a table, and two or three flasks of Burgundy, and Champagne, with which the author (who is a very sober man) thought it necessary to support his spirits, and indeed it was a pleasant refreshment to us all between the acts.' Hist. MSS. Com. vii. App. p. 238.

Dr. J. Hoadly described 'a Whig meeting, at the Trumpet in Shoe Lane,' attended by his father the bishop, 'where Sir Richard [Steele] in his zeal, rather exposed himself, having the double duty of the day upon him, as well to celebrate the memory of King William, it being November 4, as to drink his friend Addison up to conversation pitch, whose phlegmatic constitution was hardly warmed for society by the time Steele was not fit for it.' Montgomery's Steele, ii. 159.

'Tonson,' so Nichols was told, 'boasted of paying his court by inventing excuses for requesting a glass of Barbadoes water, in order to furnish the Secretary [Addison] with an apology for indulging his own inclination.' The Tatler, 1789, iv. 332 n. In The Spectator, No. 569, Addison attacks drunkenness. See ante, DRYDEN, 152 n., for Dryden's drinking with him.

Thackeray wrote of him:-'A better and more Christian man scarcely ever breathed than Joseph Addison. If he had not that little weakness for wine-why we could scarcely have found a fault with him, and could not have liked him as we do.' Eng. Humourists, ed. Phelps, p. 82.

APPENDIX Y (PAGE 144)

The following is Addison's 'parallel of the Princes and Gods.'

'Great Pan, who wont to chase the fair,

And loved the spreading oak, was there;
Old Saturn too, with up-cast eyes,
Beheld his abdicated skies;

And mighty Mars, for war renowned,
In adamantine armour frowned;
By him the childless goddess rose,
Minerva, studious to compose

Her twisted threads; the web she strung,
And o'er a loom of marble hung;

Thetis, the troubled ocean's queen,

Matched with a mortal, next was seen,

Reclining on a funeral urn,

Her short-lived darling son to mourn.
The last was he whose thunder slew
The Titan race, a rebel crew,

That from a hundred hills allied

In impious leagues their king defied.'

Works, i. 230.

The allusions are to Charles II-his mistresses and the oak in which he hid; James II and his abdication; William III and his wars; Mary II, childless and fond of women's work; Anne, married to Prince George, mourning over her last child, the Duke of Gloucester; and George I conquering the Highland rebels.

Opposite this parallel Macaulay has written on the margin (Addison's Works, 1746, ii. 129; ante, ADDISON, 76 n.):-'Wonderfully ingenious! Neither Cowley nor Butler ever surpassed, I do not remember that they ever equalled it.' [Macaulay made these notes at Calcutta in 1835. Unfortunately, being written in pencil, they show signs of fading.]

HUGHES'

JOHN HUGHES, the son of a citizen of London and of 1

Anne Burgess, of an ancient family in Wiltshire, was born at Marlborough, July 29, 16772. He was educated at a private school; and though his advances in literature are in the Biographia very ostentatiously displayed, the name of his master is somewhat ungratefully concealed 3.

·

At nineteen he drew the plan of a tragedy, and paraphrased 2 rather too diffusely the ode of Horace which begins Integer Vitæ. To poetry he added the science of Musick, in which he seems to have attained considerable skill, together with the practice of design or rudiments of painting.

His studies did not withdraw him wholly from business, nor 3 did business hinder him from study 5. He had a place in the office of ordnance, and was secretary to several commissions for purchasing lands necessary to secure the royal docks at Chatham and Portsmouth; yet found time to acquaint himself with modern languages.

In 1697 he published a poem on The Peace of Ryswick', and 4 in 1699 another piece, called The Court of Neptune, on the return of king William, which he addressed to Mr. Montague, the general patron of the followers of the Muses. The same year he produced a song on the duke of Gloucester's birth-day9.

He did not confine himself to poetry, but cultivated other kinds 5

' Johnson's authorities in this Life are the Memoir by Duncombe prefixed to the Hughes Correspondence, 2nd ed. 1773, and the Biog. Brit.

2 Jan. 29, 1677. Hughes Corres. Preface, p. 5.

3 Ante, ADDISON, 2. The name of his master was Thomas Rowe. Isaac Watts was his schoolfellow. Post, WATTS, 5.

HORACE, Odes, i. 22; Eng. Poets, xxxi. 100. See also ib. p. 212 for An Allusion to Horace, Book I, Ode 22. Printed at the Breaking-out

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