CHAPTER VI. THE SYSTEM OF PATRONAGE AND EMPLOY-

MENT.-The good old plan of Stuffing Mouths with Pudding,

a third great Scheme of the German Governments-All

Social and Commercial, as well as Magisterial Affairs taken

into the hands of these Pudding-eaters-Amount of Officials

in France, stated by Toqueville-Amount of the Armies of

Germany-of Ecclesiastics, Nobles, and Officials-Patron-

age and Subserviency amongst the University Professors-

Curious Scenes and Plottings in a University Town-Con-

vertion of Student Life into Official torpor - Amazing

Amount of Officials in a single Village-Profuse Distribu-

tion of Titles, Orders, and Badges, as a means of enslaving

the Public Mind-Orders in Austria alone-A Paper from

a German Periodical on "Titles and the Title- Disease of

Germany"- Consequent slavish Spirit of the German

People, as noted by Mr. Laing-The melancholy effect on

the German Character, indicated by an Analysis of the

German Song, "Free is the Bursch"-Not yet at the end

of the Chain of Despotism

page 157

CHAPTER VII. THE ROMAN LAW AND ITS SECRET TRI-

BUNALS.-Law taught, not in Inns or Courts, but in the

Universities learned Lecturing thereon, but barbarous

Practice-a totally Secret System, without Public Check

and without Personal Security-The Rack still used as a

Punishment, and Cudgeling, to compel Confession - No

open Courts, open Evidence, open Pleading; every thing

done by Writing-Estate, as well as Person, at the mercy

of this Secret System, and devoured by the monstrous

growth of SCRIBERY-A Case cited by Mr. Laing-The most

singular and amazing Case of the Cabinet-maker Wendt,

on the charge of Poisoning his Wife- Appeals to the Uni-

versities of Göttingen and Heidelberg in his case, and their

strange Decisions-Remarks on this popular Case, and on

the whole fearful System-Coquetry of German Professors

for advancement

181

CHAPTER VIII. THE POLITICAL POETS OF GERMANY.-Count

Auersperg; the Cosmopolitan Watchman; Hoffman von

Fallersleben; the Black Songs of Benedikt Dalei; Her-

wegh, etc.

CHAPTER IX. THE PRESENT AND THE FUTURE.

page 231

CHAPTER X. NATIONAL EDUCATION IN GERMANY; ITS OBJECTS

AND EFFECTS, VIEWED WITH REFERENCE TO NATIONAL EDU-

CATION IN ENGLAND.-This is the Topstone to the grand

Scheme of Government Despotism in Germany - florid

Accounts of this System, and consequent Enthusiasm about

it in England-Impossibility of introducing this System into

a Free Country-undesirableness of such transplantation-

consequent failure of all such attempts here - the True

Nature of this System still needs to be better known here

-Mr. Laing's Remarks on it-Where wrong, and where

right-The Lowest Class of Schools only introduceable by

a Government amongst us, and why they should not be

so introduced
299

CHAPTER XI. How WOULD THE PRUSSIAN SYSTEM OF

POPULAR EDUCATION OPERATE IN ENGLAND.-Mr. Laing's

Opinion of its Fatal Effects in Prussia. Mr. Bisset Haw-

kins' Opinion. Concurrent Opinion of its being a Total

Failure the Causes of this- Tested by the Author through

Personal inquiries amongst the People, and found to be a

Nullity-The true State of Things amongst the Students

at the Universities-Misrepresentations of Reviews on

this subject-The Citizen Schools the best in their Ope-

ration, but the impossibility of any Government introducing

them here-Ignorance of the so-called Educated Working

Population of Germany-Rude state of Boys in Towns-

The worst feature of the German System, its being a State

Puppet, with its Strings in the Government's hands-

Instructions to all Schoolmasters to inculcate Passive Obe-

dience-Different State of the Popular Mind in England,

and different Results to be expected from a General Educa-

tion of the People-Fatal Error of committing such a System

to the hands of any Government-A NATIONAL EDUCATION

distinguished from a GOVERNMENT EDUCATION-English

Institutions all the Work of the People themselves, and

that of National Education must not, and cannot be other-

wise-Easy Mode of carrying this out-Grand Emulation

awakened between different Religious Bodies, and their

Subscriptions for Popular Instruction Mrs. Hippersley

Tuckfield's Plan-Working Schools.

-

page 313

CHAPTER XII. CONCLUDING REMARKS.-The Author reverts
to his Objects in this Work-The Character of the Govern-
ment Institutions here described, and the Character and
Habits of the People, to be carefully distinguished—The
latter described at large in "The Rural and Social Life
of Germany"-Further acquaintance with each other will
not lead England to copy the Political Institutions of
Germany, but to reap the advantages of Trade-The vast
influence which the Abolition of the Corn Laws will have in

this respect—The Opinions of Mr. Laing reviewed and

disproved on Statistical Evidence-Alarm of the German

Manufacturers at the prospect of the Abolition of the Corn-

Laws-The Prosperity of Hamburg a proof of the Benefits

of Trade between the two Countries-Free Institutions will

proceed from England to Liberalise the whole Continent, 344

GERMAN EXPERIENCES,

ADDRESSED TO

THE ENGLISH.

CHAPTER I.

IN my work on Germany there are certain subjects which I either omitted or merely slightly touched upon, as not coming expressly within the range of its "Social and Rural life," and as calculated to expand that work beyond reasonable bounds. On these particular subjects I wished to speak too expressly with a reference to the advantage of my countrymen, both public and private, and therefore resolved to treat them in a little separate volume.

Vast numbers of our countrymen are now settled, at least for a time, in Germany; and, independent of merely summer tourists, great numbers are still annually passing over to reside there for a season. Some are led by the simple desire or necessity for change; some go to seek health at the baths; some with a view to economy; and others, and this a

B

large number, with a view to the education of their children. To all these the experiences of a person who has already made the sojourn, and particularly in pursuit of education, I am sure may be of no trifling benefit. Such a little manual would have saved us infinite annoyances; would have saved us much time, much misery and disappointment. It is what we should have hailed as most welcome. I shall, therefore, endeavour to make the path clear to my successors, in all those particulars which every one is asking for on his arrival, and which no one can furnish in a palpable and lasting form. What people should take with them, and what they should not take with them; where and how they should locate themselves; what dangers and impositions they have to guard against; and what they are, and are not to expect in the most important particulars, these are the points that every one is anxious to obtain information upon, and which it shall be the object of this little volume to endeavour to supply.

But there is a second, and still more serious object in this work. Political and other circumstances have brought us, of late years, into a close connexion with Germany. The Queen's marriage preeminently has promoted this tendency. The literature, the music, the opera, the language, and the institutions of that country have become more or less fashionable. In education, particularly, we have shewn a disposition to admire and adopt