Mr. DAVIS. Do you not think you could supply the $503,000 that is being requested for new money for Alaska for the communications system?

General CARTER. That is a separate appropriation. If it was within the regular program, I think we could, but it is a separate appropriation entirely, and, as a matter of fact, this is the first year, I believe, that it has been included even in this public works program. Mr. KING. Yes; normally, it has been in the Regular Army budget. General CARTER. That is the reason for the $503,000.

ESTIMATED SAVINGS

Mr. HAND. Mr. Secretary, in your opening presentation to the committee, you referred to the fact that $126 million is currently unobligated as a result of savings on work underway and projects no longer needed, which money may be applied to this request.

Mr. KING. Yes.

Mr. HAND. Is there any breakdown which would be available to the committee that indicates how much of that represents a saving and how much is projects that were deferred or diverted?

Mr. KING. General Carter, do we have a statement covering that? General CARTER. We have submitted to the committee, Mr. Hand, a complete list of all of the outstanding appropriations, apportionments and expenditures, which show the detail of that $126 million. It is rather complicated since it goes back to 1949, I believe.

Mr. FOSTER. Yes, sir.

General CARTER. So that to pick out the individual items within it. would be a difficult problem. Part of them will be projects no longer needed which we are required to present to the Congress every 2 years for deficiency authorization, and that will be presented next year.

Mr. HAND. Is there nothing available which would show how much of that fund, of the $126 million, results directly from savings, and how much from elimination of projects, or deferrals?

Mr. KING. Do you have a breakdown of that, Mr. Foster?

Mr. FOSTER. No; I do not have that readily available. I might explain that that savings figure of $126 million is the amount resulting from a series of general ledger accounts which are kept for each installation. I could, by running down through the ledger, identify probably 90 percent of the amount which could be attributable to direct cancellations. Some of them are made up of small amounts and some rather large amounts, but to identify them exactly would be quite a laborious job.

Mr. HAND. I would not want to put you to some long task, but I think it would be very helpful to the committee to know actually how much results from savings and how much from elimination of projects.

General CARTER. We can give you, for the record, a general statement which will cover that information without giving the information too much in detail.

Mr. HAND. I would not be interested in specific details, but give us some approximation. I would like to have that for the record. General CARTER. We can supply that.

(The information requested follows:)

The approximate breakdown of the surplus $126 million between savings and cancellations is approximately $44.8 million and $81.4 million respectively.

General CARTER. For example, you will note on page 5 of the list which you have before you, for Fort Story, Va., which had an appropriation of $971,100, showing that of the $971,100, $965,266 obligated, and $959,627 expenditures. All of the work at that station is finished; we built practically everything and had a saving of about $6,000. That went into the total.

Mr. HAND. I see.

General CARTER. You can see how this could be broken down; we can give you a breakdown which will give you a general picture of it. Mr. HAND. That will be entirely satisfactory for my purpose.

OBLIGATIONS

In your statement, Mr. Secretary, you said, as I understood you, that as of June 30, 1954, you would have an unobligated balance in the amount of about $640 million; is that correct?

Mr. KING. That is our estimate now of what we will have unobligated as of June 30, tomorrow; $640 million unobligated.

Mr. HAND. You will have?

Mr. KING. That is right. And we are asking, in this appropriation language, authority for permission to use money which is in effect a bank account against the authorized projects in the program. Mr. HAND. During the coming fiscal year, if I also understand you correctly, you plan to obligate about $498 million?

Mr. KING. That is right.

Mr. HAND. Without fresh money at the end of this coming fiscal year you will still have $142 million of unobligated funds. Is that correct?

Mr. KING. That is right.

General CARTER. That will mean we will be out of money, completely out of money, by about September of next year because it will require between 20 and 40 million dollars, at least $30 million, to carry on the Government costs on going work during the next year. The obligations for August and September will take up just about the rest of it, so that our military construction program will have to have additional funds if we are going to do anything further by about September of next year.

(Discussion held off the record.)

ORDNANCE FACILITIES

Mr. DAVIS. The first group of facilities, then, appears to be the Ordnance facilities involving 11 installations and a total request of $9,248,000.

ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MD.

The first of those is the Aberdeen Proving Ground in Maryland where we have a request for $2,251,000.

General CARTER. You will note on page 5 of the justification book we have a form which gives you the mission of the Aberdeen Proving Ground. We list each of the items in the box. It shows the acreage, present strength, the requirement strength, the World War II peak strength, and the list of four projects.

At the last station mentioned, there are two of the items included, the barracks program and part of the welfare and morale activities authorized by Public Law 155, 82d Congress.

The details of each of those projects, if there are further questions, are shown on the succeeding sheets.

Mr. DAVIS. We will take those up, first the fire-control testing laboratory where there is a request for $900,000.

What is included in this figure of $883,000?

General CARTER. In paragraph 5 just above this it shows laboratory building, 27,162 square feet, $27.90 a square foot, $758,000.

A 10-ton overhead crane, $40,000, and $85,000, a total of $883,000. There is a further description in some detail to the left showing a two-story building, and so on.

The purpose of the building is to permit tests on complete firecontrol system to consolidate testing of components of these systems. Mr. Van Kuren is here from the Ordnance Corps if you have detailed questions.

Mr. DAVIS. This figure of $27.90 per square foot, then, includes considerably more than bare building?

General ČARTER. That is right.

Mr. DAVIS. The air-conditioning, humidity and temperature controls, and so on, are connected with the testing facilities that are in there rather than for anything having to do with the comfort of the people who might be working there?

General CARTER. That is correct.

Mr. KING. Bare shell of space would be far less than that amount. More than half of that is the installation of equipment.

Mr. DAVIS. What are you using there now?

Mr. VAN KUREN. Obviously, in the present-day antiaircraft firecontrol picture, we are working at considerably higher speeds and longer ranges than we have ever worked before. Therefore we need a degree of accuracy which is extremely high.

Always before, our testing has consisted of components testing, a portion of the system tested individually and then it is put together into a system. We have never yet had a laboratory in which the entire system, including the radar, the computer system, the transmission equipment for data, and the gun itself could be tested as a unit.

Under present fire-control requirements this is an absolute necessity. We are now using sections of other buildings. One was formerly an artillery building at Aberdeen in which we moved some of the components testing, but at no place are we able to test the complete system there.

Mr. DAVIS. You are doing all of the things that you would expect to do in this building but they are now being done in widely separated locations. Is that correct?

Mr. VAN KUREN. No, sir.

Mr. DAVIS. Or are there new things you expect to do?

We

Mr. VAN KUREN. We are taking at the present time component parts of this fire-control system and testing them one by one. have no facility at which we can assemble the entire system and feed data into one site and test the result as it comes out, in other words, the final position of the gun.

The purpose of this laboratory is to give us a precision facility in which we can set up this entire system. We can synthetically feed

into the fire-control radar equipment signals which are exactly what they would receive if they were tracking an actual target in the air. We can do that by recording these signals on the tape and feeding them into the system.

We can test the results of those impulses, the use of those impulses by the system then in every portion of that system including the final position of the gun itself as a result of these outside influences.

That cannot now be done in any existing facility in the Army. We have never had it. We have never had the need for it until just recently.

We are now beyond the point of using visual tracking. We are using radar; we are using highly complex electronic computing systems, and control systems which cause the antiaircraft gun to follow the target as the radar-tracking equipment is following the target. Inbetween, the computer is making all of the computations of the range, type of ammunition that is in use, the time between the shell leaving the gun and its arrival at the target area-all of these computations are put in electronically and positioning the gun in the final position.

This laboratory will permit us to synthesize these conditions and read the results. We think it will pay off in the effectiveness of our antiaircraft weapons.

Mr. DAVIS. You have an ammunition-renovation training shop, requested for $187,000.

Will you explain that requirement, please?

Mr. VAN KUREN. This is to provide a technical shop in which we can train ammunition specialists, Ordnance soldiers in other words, in the renovation of unservicable but repairable ammunition.

This work now is being done with inert materials in a former warehouse building in the troop housing area of Aberdeen Proving Ground. The training is not realistic because they are not working with live ammunition.

The first time that the student comes into contact with live ammunition is when he finds himself out in the field required to supervise an activity. In the meantime he has not gained confidence, he has not gained the safety habits that he should have for working with ammunition, so we have to give them a facility in which they can realistically use live materials and train them as they should be trained.

Some of these soldiers, for instance, have been put in Korea, their first contact with this work when they were given a group of Korean natives to supervise and teach the renovation of ammunition.

Mr. DAVIS. There is no place where you are performing this same function, then, at least completely performing it at the present time? Mr. VAN KUREN. The functions that will be carried on trainingwise in this shop are at some ammunition depots being carried on on a mass production basis by trained civilian employees.

For reasons that this work, for instance, has to support 8 different courses in the ordnance school at Aberdeen we obviously cannot take the ammunition specialists from those 8 courses out to an ammunition depot.

General CARTER. We also run into trouble, because the ammunition renovation carried on at the depots is on a mass production assembly line basis, and it is something we are way behind on now. We need not only renovation facilities we have but you will find more in here.