informed me that he wanted to meet with me to answer my questions. He told me he was unable to furnish me with names of other individuals who were also working on the 16 Point Program in the Ninth Region.

Shortly after I met with Mr. Brown, Mr. Asa Birley met with an organization known as the Civic Center Forum, the organization made up of city, county, state and federal employees in the entire San Francisco Bay Area, which has the responsibility of reporting on the 16 Point Program and answering questions on it. Mr. Asa Birley, just like Mr. Nat Brown, was unable to answer any pertinent questions on the 16 Point Program. Some individuals were complaining that they had job applicants who had studied for the FSEE examination for months and had finally passed but were still unable to get a job with the federal government. Mr. Birley responded that he couldn't answer those types of questions nor do anything about it.

My point is that the Chicano Law Students Association is still willing to work to guarantee that the 16 Point Program succeeds but we don't know who we are supposed to contact to offer our help. As of this date, Mr. Hampton has yet to answer my letter.

Anything that your office can do regarding this matter will be greatly appreciated. Thank you for your anticipated cooperation on this matter.

Su servidor,

LARRY FRAUSTO.

CHICANO LAW STUDENTS ASSOCIATION,

March 1, 1972.

Senator JOHN TUNNEY,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.

DEAR SENATOR TUNNEY: I read in the Congressional Record of your asking the Nixon Administration to make its 16 Point Program more than just a paper program. I commend you for being an advocate in behalf of the Chicano community by trying to make your colleagues aware of miserable situation in which the Chicano community is in.

Senator Tunney, even if the 16 Point Program were implemented, it would serve little purpose as very few Chicanos are being admitted into institutions of higher education. The statistics in the complaint against Cal State Hayward are typical of every state college and university in the state of California. This being the case, it would serve no purpose to make employment available to Chicanos if they are not being prepared for the jobs by State Colleges and Universities.

I am aware of the fact that you have a busy schedule but I hope that you can take the time to help us on this vital issue. If there is any additional information that I can provide you with I will be glad to do so.

Sincerely,

LARRY FRAUSTO.

Mr. Chairman, on nine occasions since July 20, 1970, California Mexican-American leaders have futilely sought to meet with President Nixon to respectfully discuss their Federal employment grievances.

Antonio Gallegos, president of the California statewide American G.I. Forum has stated:

Chicanos, and other Spanish-Americans, have been first in military jobs and last in civilian jobs for too long. We fail to understand how the government believes we are qualified to sit in a cockpit over Vietnam and unqualified to sit behind a desk in Washington.

President Nixon has repeatedly asked minority Americans to judge him by his actions, not by his words. We can only despair when we apply that standard to his performance, for there has been neither an increase in the number, nor any improvement in status of Spanish-surname Americans in the federal civilian work force. And, when we judge him by his words we lose hope altogether, for his dismal performance is exceeded only by his deliberate failure to acknowledge our problems.

Percy Duran, a spokesman from Abagados de Aztlan has said:

No longer will we tolerate the blatant discrimination of our people in the area of federal employment or any other area which affects our people. For we as Chicano attorneys from the Barrio have been trained to respond and deal with the President's inaction and force him to match his words with deeds.

Frank Galaz, Chairman of the statewide League of United LatinAmerican Citizens stated:

In his inaugural address, the President asked Americans to lower their voices. Apparently, he has followed his own advice by maintaining a guarded silence on our pleas for action on our problems. He also promised to bring us together. He has! By ignoring us completely, he has brought together the greatest coalition of Spanish-surname Americans in this country's history.

I share the frustration and disappointment of the millions of chicanos who have been victims of employment discrimination by their Government. As elected officials we must begin to concern ourselves with this intolerable situation.

Recently, Mr. Henry Ramirez, chairman of the Cabinet Committee on Opportunities for the Spanish-Speaking, told members of my staff that the Office of Management and Budget had begun to monitor the implementation of the President's so-called 16-point program. Such monitoring consists of submitting to OMB quarterly reports by the various departments showing the progress in hiring more Spanishspeaking persons.

I have reservations about this, Mr. Chairman, since it has come to my attention that in the Office of Management and Budget, according to the alphabetical directory for the Office of Management and Budget, there are approximately seven Spanish surnames listed out of a total of over 680 employees. The Spanish surname percentage thus comes to a dismal 1 percent !

I find it incredible that such an "equal employment opportunity" monitoring responsibility be given to an agency that has one of the worst records in the hiring and promotion of chicanos. Such a performace is just as sad as the Civil Service Commission's lack of Spanish-surname individuals in any decisionmaking positions in California. Thank you.

Mr. EDWARDS. Mr. McClory.

Mr. McCLORY. Are we going to be furnished with copies of his statement?

Mr. EDWARDS. We will get those to you immediately.

Our first witness today, the Chair is delighted to announce, is my friend and colleague from California, the Honorable Edward R. Roybal.

Mr. Roybal and I came to the House of Representatives together in January of 1963, having been elected together in the November 1962 election.

Mr. Roybal represents a portion of the city of Los Angeles, where he has lived since 1922. A man with extremely broad knowledge of the problems of the inner city, Ed Roybal is a respected social worker and educator.

He served as a member of the Los Angeles City Council from 1949 until 1962, when he was elected to the 88th Congress. He has been

reelected four times by the people of Los Angeles and serves them well, both as a spokesman for his own community and as a voice for Spanish-speaking people throughout the country who seek justice from this society.

Ed, we welcome you and look forward to your testimony on the Federal employment problems of the Spanish speaking.

Mr. McCLORY. If the chairman will yield.

Mr. EDWARDS. I yield to Mr. McClory.

Mr. McCLORY. I would like to join in welcoming our colleague to the hearings this morning and add that while he may have been your neighbor out in California, he is my neighbor in Washington, D.C. So I want, as a friend and neighbor, to join in welcoming him to this important hearing before the committee this morning. Mr. EDWARDS. Proceed, Ed.

TESTIMONY OF HON. EDWARD R. ROYBAL, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS FROM THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA

Mr. ROYBAL. Mr. Chairman and members of the subcommittee, I want to express my appreciation to you for the opportunity of testifying before you today.

It is my intention to present convincing evidence of a pattern of exclusion, of an occupational caste system within the Federal Government.

I firmly believe that the Federal Government has not answered the needs of the Spanish-speaking community of the United States. Now, while I do not believe that population parity should be used exclusively to evaluate the Government's performance, I intend to use it here to emphasize the fact that job equality has not been achieved.

May I, Mr. Chairman, ask for the consent of the committee to file my written testimony and I will summarize?

Mr. EDWARDS. Yes, without objection, it is so ordered. (The information referred to follows:)

TESTIMONY OF EDWARD R. ROYBAL, MEMBER OF CONGRESS

Mr. Chairman and Members of the Subcommittee, I would like to thank you for this opportunity to appear before your Committee to discuss job discrimination against the Spanish speaking by the Federal government.

Data that I will present today will show convincing evidence of a pattern of exclusion, of an occupational caste system, within the Federal government. As you know, out of a total of nearly 2.6 million federal workers, the Spanish speaking represent 2.9% with only one third of one percent in executive positions. This is totally inadequate and reprehensible.

The enactment of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was intended to break down the barriers of discrimination. The issuance of Executive Order 11,478, on August 8, 1969, was to provide leadership in achieving job equality within the government itself. These promulgations, however, have seriously failed to end job discrimination and exclusion within the federal structure.

The adoption of the 16 point program, on November 5, 1970, has yet to provide a siginficant increase in jobs for the Spanish speaking. I sincerely hope that it will not become an abstract document without enforcement powers, without concrete or visible goals. Such a misfortune would only obscure the indifference and neglect Spanish speaking people have been experiencing in the area of federal

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employment. Certainly the present level of staff support for the 16 point program, a total of only two professionals, would indicate a lack of serious commitment. While I do not believe that population parity should be used as the only standard in evaluating Federal performance, I will use it here to emphasize the fact that equality in federal employment has not been achieved.

Some improvement has been made within certain agencies. But the fact remains that at present rates of increase, the Spanish speaking must wait well over a half of century before achieving job parity with other groups, including whites. For this reason many Spanish speaking persons believe that the promise of job equality remains a myth.

NATIONAL LEVEL

As I stated earlier, the 2.9% representation for the Spanish speaking, with virtual exclusion from executive jobs, is absolutely unjustified. If we take the period from June 1966 through May 1971, we find that the Spanish speaking have been underemployed by over 50%.

It is estimated that with a 6% Spanish speaking population, the government would have to provide 80,000 additional jobs for the Spanish speaking to achieve parity with all other groups in this country. Given the current increase of 1,300 jobs a year for the Spanish speaking, it would take the government 60 years to achieve that goal.

At the GS 9-18 levels, we discover similar deficits. Since 1966 the government has failed to provide better paying jobs to the Spanish speaking by 80%, and shortchanged them by nearly 30,000 jobs.

At the top grade levels, the government has failed by well over 90% with a loss of 319 executive jobs for the Spanish speaking. Out of a total of 5,650 executive positions, the Spanish speaking only hold 20 with not one in the Civil Service Commission, which has the responsibility to carry out the federal equal employment program.

I find it difficult to understand why Civil Service is incapable of finding qualified Spanish speaking individuals to fill these positions immediately.

The representation of the Spanish speaking in middle and top level management cannot be overstressed. It is an important key to gaining a deeper federal commitment to the problems and priorities of the more than 12 million Spanish speaking Americans.

An analysis of various federal agencies reveals in even greater detail the extent and depth of this exclusion. As of November 1970, those agencies falling below the overall federal average of 2.9% include:

In addition to these findings, we were able to obtain November 1971 figures on a selected number of federal agencies. The following fall below the 2.9% federal average:

In the Southwest the Spanish speaking people are experiencing serious obstacles in attaining equality in federal employment. Although comprising 17% of the region's population, they constitute only 10.8% of the federal work force (as of November 1970). It is estimated that the government would have to provide 32,250 additional jobs to achieve parity.

Similar deficits exist at the GS 9-18 levels. Since 1966 the government has failed by 75% to provide adequate employment for the Spanish speaking at these levels, and has fallen short of the mark by 95% at the executive levels.

CALIFORNIA

In California the Spanish speaking comprise 16% of the state's population but only hold 5.6% of local federal jobs (as of November 1970). It is estimated that the government would have to provide 30,500 additional jobs to the Spanish speaking, or almost twice their current number in California's federal work force.

At the GS 9-18 levels, the government has failed to provide job equality to the Spanish speaking by 87%, and in top grade positions by 97%, or virtual exclusion.

The California situation is further dramatized by the level of exclusion within various agencies. Agriculture, HUD, Interior, NASA, Transportation and Commerce failed by 75 to 100% to provide jobs on parity with the state's Spanish speaking population. Air Force, Army, Navy, Defense Supply Agency, Justice, GSA, HEW, Post Office, Treasury, Veterans Administration and Civil Service Commission failed by 50 to 75%.