Smoking and Health Research FrontiersSmoking is a greater cause of death and disability than any single disease, says the World Health Organisation. According to their figures, it is responsible for approximately five million deaths world-wide every year. Tobacco smoking is a known or probable cause of approximately 25 diseases including cancer, heart attacks and strokes. The WHO says that its impact on world health is still not fully assessed. This book offers leading edge research from around the globe with a focus on smoking cessation and the effects of passive smoking on health. |
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Page 16
... adducts ( e.g. , 8 - hydroxy - 2 - deoxyguanosine ( 8 - OHdG ) , BPDE - DNA adducts , 32p- postlabelled bulky adduct , oxidative damage to DNA ) ( Hong , Kim et al . 2001 ; Phillips 2002 ; Georgiadis , Demopoulos et al . 2004 ; IARC ...
... adducts ( e.g. , 8 - hydroxy - 2 - deoxyguanosine ( 8 - OHdG ) , BPDE - DNA adducts , 32p- postlabelled bulky adduct , oxidative damage to DNA ) ( Hong , Kim et al . 2001 ; Phillips 2002 ; Georgiadis , Demopoulos et al . 2004 ; IARC ...
Page 17
... adducts of 4 - ABP and adducts of 3 - ABP found in nonsmokers exposed to SHS were similar to adducts found in smokers , but the levels were significantly higher among individuals heavily exposed than those with undetectable SHS exposure ...
... adducts of 4 - ABP and adducts of 3 - ABP found in nonsmokers exposed to SHS were similar to adducts found in smokers , but the levels were significantly higher among individuals heavily exposed than those with undetectable SHS exposure ...
Page 18
... adduct CYPIAI CYP1A1 * 4 ( C2453A ) CYP1A1 * 2A ( Mspl ) CYP1A1 * 2B ( A2455G ) Greek nonsmokers DNA adducts NS NS Mspl Greek with DNA adducts Mspl + GSTM1 null significant SHS Mspl + GSTP1 exposure ( lle / Val ) Mspl + EPHX slow Mspl ...
... adduct CYPIAI CYP1A1 * 4 ( C2453A ) CYP1A1 * 2A ( Mspl ) CYP1A1 * 2B ( A2455G ) Greek nonsmokers DNA adducts NS NS Mspl Greek with DNA adducts Mspl + GSTM1 null significant SHS Mspl + GSTP1 exposure ( lle / Val ) Mspl + EPHX slow Mspl ...
Page 19
... Adducts Several studies have investigated how genetic polymorphisms modify the association between SHS exposure and the levels of DNA adducts . Below are detailed by genes . CYPs Cytochrome P450 ( CYPs ) are drug - metabolizing enzymes ...
... Adducts Several studies have investigated how genetic polymorphisms modify the association between SHS exposure and the levels of DNA adducts . Below are detailed by genes . CYPs Cytochrome P450 ( CYPs ) are drug - metabolizing enzymes ...
Page 20
... adduct level was highest among individuals carrying GSTM1 null and CYP1A1 Mspl variant ( 1.27 ± 1.15 adducts per 108 nucleotides ) , and lowest among individuals with the CYP1A1 and GSTM1 wild type ( 0.83 ± 1.08 adducts per 108 ...
... adduct level was highest among individuals carrying GSTM1 null and CYP1A1 Mspl variant ( 1.27 ± 1.15 adducts per 108 nucleotides ) , and lowest among individuals with the CYP1A1 and GSTM1 wild type ( 0.83 ± 1.08 adducts per 108 ...
Contents
1 | |
9 | |
The Effect of Passive SmokeExposure on Fertility | 63 |
Cardiovascular Effects of Passive Smoking in Adults and Children | 81 |
Maternal Smoking Influences Health and Development of a Child | 97 |
Assessment of Steroid Disruption and Metal Concentrations in Human Placenta Effects of Cigarette Smoking | 119 |
The Effects of Cigarette Smoking on the Human Plasma Tocopherols Levels | 163 |
Smoking and its Effects on the Periodontal and PeriImplant Tissues | 183 |
Passive Smoking in Oral Health Research | 213 |
Index | 231 |
Common terms and phrases
active smoking adenocarcinoma antioxidant assessment associated asthma biological Biomarkers cadmium carcinogens cardiovascular Caucasian chromosome chronic cigarette smoke cigarette smoke inhalation clinical concentrations cotinine decreased Demopoulos dental caries DNA adducts effect of cigarette effect of smoking effects of passive endothelial environmental tobacco smoke Epidemiol evaluated exposed exposure to tobacco fertility fetal free radicals function gene genotype Georgiadis gingival pigmentation GSTM1 null GSTP1 health effects higher hormones human placenta implant failure infants Journal lung cancer markers maternal smoking mechanisms melanin melanin pigmentation metabolism metal Mspl mutations never smokers nicotine Nociti oocytes oral osseointegrated parental smoking passive smoking Pediatrics periodontal disease Piasek placental plasma population prevalence progesterone protein rats receptor reported reproductive Research respiratory risk factor risk of lung Sallum secondhand smoke serum SHS exposure significant significantly smoking cessation smoking during pregnancy steroid titanium implants tobacco smoke exposure tocopherols toxic Toxicology trophoblast tumors vitamin vitamin E vitro
Popular passages
Page 177 - Apparent hydroxyl radical production by peroxynitrite: implications for endothelial injury from nitric oxide and superoxide.
Page 95 - O'Leary DH, Polak JF, Kronmal RA, et al. Carotid-artery intima and media thickness as a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke in older adults. Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research Group. N Engl ] Med 1999;340: 14-22 13.
Page 44 - DNA repair in an active gene: Removal of pyrimidine dimers from the DHFR gene of CHO cells is much more efficient than in the genome overall.
Page 47 - Inactivation of the DNA repair gene O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase by promoter hypermethylation is associated with G to A mutations in K-ras in colorectal tumorigenesis.
Page 93 - US Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke; A Report of the Surgeon General Executive Summary.
Page 48 - Effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy and environmental tobacco smoke on asthma and wheezing in children.
Page 182 - Zang LY. Stone K. Pryor WA. Detection of free radicals in aqueous extracts of cigarette tar by electron spin resonance. Free Radic Biol Med 1995: 19: 161 167.
Page 152 - International Agency for Research on Cancer. 1ARC Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans: Tobacco Smoking. Volume 38. Lyon, France: IARC; 1986. lyengar, GV; Rapp, A. Human placenta as a 'dual...