Reproductive Health and the EnvironmentP. Nicolopoulou-Stamati, L. Hens, C.V. Howard The scope of environmental impact on reproduction is very large. It aims at covering all aspects of reproductive problems and their links to the environment. Therefore, it deals with female and male reproductive impairments, whatever their severity and their sites, gonad or extra-gonad. For women, effects include direct lesions of the oocyte, with possibilities of chromosomal abnormalities but also malformations of the reproductive tract. Reduced fertility and in some cases total infertility may also result from menstrual irregularities, which can at times include anovulatory cycles. Hormonal changes, even in the absence of menstrual irregularities may also lead to decreased fertility. In addition to congenital malformations, other impairments of the reproductive apparatus may occur, as in the polycystic ovarian syndrome or in endometriosis. Finally one can also include effects during pregnancy leading to spontaneous abortion, preterm delivery still birth or altered sex ratio. Impacts on age at menarche and age at menopause lead to a change in the duration of reproductive life. |
Contents
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1402048297_1_Part_Frontmatter_OnlinePDFpdf | 20 |
1402048297_2_OnlinePDFpdf | 23 |
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1402048297_2_Part_Frontmatter_OnlinePDFpdf | 72 |
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1402048297_4_Part_Frontmatter_OnlinePDFpdf | 225 |
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1402048297_5_Part_Frontmatter_OnlinePDFpdf | 335 |
1402048297_7_OnlinePDFpdf | 141 |
1402048297_3_Part_Frontmatter_OnlinePDFpdf | 159 |
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1402048297_BookBackmatter_OnlinePDFpdf | 373 |
Other editions - View all
Reproductive Health and the Environment P. Nicolopoulou-Stamati,L. Hens,C.V. Howard Limited preview - 2007 |
Reproductive Health and the Environment P. Nicolopoulou-Stamati,L. Hens,C.V. Howard No preview available - 2010 |
Common terms and phrases
abnormalities action activity adverse air pollution alterations animals areas assessment associated biphenyls birth bisphenol cancer cause cells changes chemicals Commission Communities compared compounds concentrations concern contamination cryptorchidism cytoplasmic decrease dioxins dose drugs early effects endocrine disrupters Environ environmental estimated estrogenic et al European evidence exposed exposure expression factors female fertility Figure function growth Health Perspect higher hormones human impact impairment important increased indicate industrial infertility Italy lead levels male maturation measured mechanisms motility natural observed occupational oocyte organs PCBs period pesticides phthalate polychlorinated population possible potential pregnancy present problems production ratio rats recent receptor reduced relationship reported Reprod reproductive health responsible risk samples scenario semen quality sexual significant specific sperm spontaneous abortion studies substances Table testes testicular toxic Toxicol trend values vitro weight women
Popular passages
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