of passengers in interstate or foreign commerce, although its timetables showed connections with interstate busses. Spokane, Portland & Seattle Transp. Co. Common Carrier Application, 260 (262).

INTERIM OPERATION.

DENCE (DOCUMENTS).

See CONVENIENCE AND NECESSITY (PROOF); EVI

INTERMEDIATE POINTS. See ROUTES (SCOPE OF OPERATION).

INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY. See FOREIGN COMMERCE.

INTERRUPTION OF SERVICE. See SAVING CLAUSES (INTERRUPTION OF SERVICE).

INTERSTATE COMMERCE.

Continuity of Movement: See CONTINUITY OF MOVEMENT. INTERSTATE COMMERCE ACT.

In General: Under the provisions of the Transportation Act of 1940, approved September 18, 1940, the Congress amended certain of the provisions of parts I and II of the Interstate Commerce Act and enacted part III of that act providing for regulation by the Commission of certain carriers by water engaged in transportation in interstate or foreign commerce, including coastwise lines, which participated in transportation of wool to Boston. While these amendments and additions were enacted after the hearing and oral argument in the investigation of transportation of wool from docks to warehouses in Boston, Mass., no further proceedings were necessary, since a proper interpretation of the provisions of parts I and II in effect prior to the amendments or the provisions of those parts and part III would lead to the same conclusions. Wool Transportation by Motor Vehicle, Boston, Mass., 297 (305).

Part I: Carriers under, not subject to regulation under part II: See Common CARRIERS (DEFINITION).

Part II: Finding in 24 M. C. C. 105, that in the performance of collection and delivery service by motor vehicle, within terminal districts, of traffic transported in interstate or foreign commerce partly by railroad and partly by water under joint rail-water rates, carrier was not a "common carrier by motor vehicle" subject to the provisions of part II, was controlling after the amendment to sec. 202 (c) (2) which excluded specifically from regulation under part II the motorvehicle operation which had been found not subject to that part in 4 M. C. C. 551, 24 M. C. C. 105. Wool Transportation by Motor Vehicle, Boston, Mass., 297 (306).

When consignees arranged for the transportation of wool from piers in Boston, Mass., to warehouses and paid the charges of the truckmen, there was no "common control, management, or arrangement" between the water line and the truckmen within the meaning of sec. 203 (b) and the common-carrier obligation and responsibility of the coastwise lines ceased upon delivery of the shipments to the truckmen who were agents of the consignees. Transportation was therefore within the partial exemption contained in sec. 203 (b) (8) of part II, and the truckmen were exempt from all provisions of part II except those of sec. 204. Id. (309).

Part III: In view of the provisions of sec. 303 (a) of part III that "in case of transportation which is subject to both this part and part I, provisions of part I shall apply only to the extent that part I imposes with respect to such transportation requirements not imposed by provisions of this part," it was immaterial whether transportation of wool by rail and water to piers in Boston, Mass., was subject to part I or part III in determining status of motor carrier transporting wool from the piers to warehouses in Boston. Wool Transportation by Motor Vehicle, Boston, Mass., 297 (306).

Parts I, II, and III: Cited or construed: Wool Transportation by Motor Vehicle, Boston, Mass., 297.

INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSION. See particular duties or
functions by name.

INTRASTATE CERTIFICATES, REGISTRATION. See CONVENIENCE AND
NECESSITY (CERTIFICATES).

INTRASTATE COMMERCE.

Intrastate Rates as Basis for Interstate Charges: Proposed all-commodity,
any-quantity rates between Lincoln and Omaha, Nebr., and between those points
and other points in Nebraska, to enable applicant to augment his intrastate
business, found not justified without prejudice to establishment of rates no lower
than intrastate rates prescribed by the State commission, since no competitive
necessity was shown for such rates. All Freight from and to Lincoln and Omaha,
Nebr., 634.

Saving Clauses: See PASSENGERS (COMMON CARRIAGE OF PASSENGERS (IN
GENERAL)).

Services Constituting: Shipments of petroleum oils and greases, in con-
tainers, came to rest at end of their interstate journey by rail upon being placed
in general stock of warehouse of Richardson Lubricating Co., at Quincy, Ill., and
subsequent transportation by applicant from warehouse to company's branch at
Jacksonville, Ill., with return of empty containers to Quincy, was a separate
movement in intrastate commerce. Jacksonville Transfer & Storage Co., Inc.,
Contract Carrier Application, 379 (380).

INTRASTATE ROUTES.

In General: See CONVENIENCE AND NECESSITY (EXTENSION OF OPERATION).
Interstate Operation over: See CONTINUITY OF MOVEMENT.
Municipalities: See MUNICIPALITIES.

INVESTIGATION AND SUSPENSION.

New Rates, Fares, and Charges: See REASONABLENESS (RATES, FARES, AND
CHARGES (Establishment)).

Reductions: See REDUCTIONS (JUSTIFICATION).

INVOICES. See EVIDENCE (DOCUMENTS).

IRREGULAR ROUTES. See SAVING CLAUSES (BONA FIDE OPERATION)
(ROUTES, SCOPE) (SCOPE OF OPERATION, GENERAL, ETC.).

ISSUE.

Parts I and III of the Act: See CONSTRUCTION AND INTERPRETATION (IN
PARI MATERIA).

Scope: In disposing of issues raised by the proceedings in 22 M. C. C. 223,
that applicant's operations were not those of a common or contract carrier by
motor vehicle, or a broker, or an "express company," as defined in the act, there
was no occasion for a determination by the Commission whether applicant was an
"unregulated express company" or a so-called forwarding company, or some other
agency beyond its jurisdiction. To the extent that such a determination may have
been made in the prior report, it should be disregarded and that report deemed
modified. Chain Deliveries Exp., Inc., Broker Application, 407 (408-409).
JOINT BOARDS.

Jurisdiction Involved: Exceptions to joint board's assumption of jurisdic-
tion over application to engage in foreign commerce between Great Falls, Mont.,
and the Montana-Canadian border by interchanging traffic there with a Canadian
motor carrier, overruled. While a showing of convenience and necessity by the
"public" of the United States is required and jurisdiction over foreign commerce
is limited to service performed in this country, that no shipper in the United
States complained about the inadequacy of common-carrier service between
Great Falls and the international boundary was not conclusive as to need for
additional service when carriers, both in the United States and Canada, testified

that lack of transportation facilities in the United States impeded the free move-
ment of commerce to and from Canada. Independent Motor Carriers, Inc.,
Common Carrier Application, 519 (523-524).
Notice: See NOTICE (HEARING).
Procedure: See PROCEDURE.

JOINT SERVICE. See RAIL-AND-MOTOR

(COORDINATION

SYSTEM (CARRIERS TREATED AS SINGLE OPERATING SYSTEM).
JOINT TENANCY. See PARTNERSHIPS.

OF SERVICES);

JUDGMENTS. See SECURITY FOR PROTECTION (SELF-INSURER).
JURISDICTION. See particular tribunals or functions by name.
LEASE. See EQUIPMENT (LEASED).

LEGAL RATE. See SCHEDULES (APPLICABILITY AND INTERPRETATION).
LEGISLATIVE INTENT. See CONSTRUCTION AND INTERPRETATION (LEGIS-
LATIVE INTENT).

LESS THAN TRUCKLOAD.

Rates: See also COMMODITY RATES (LESS THAN TRUCKLOAD).

Proposed proportional less-than-truckload or any-quantity rates between
Norfolk and Portsmouth, Va., and Richmond, Va., found not justified when
they were noncompensatory and their establishment would constitute an unfair
and destructive competitive practice, contrary to sec 202 (a). Proportional
Rates Between Norfolk and Richmond, Va., 53 (58, 59).

Proposed less-than-truckload rates on soap, vegetable-oil shortening, lard
substitutes, etc., from Quincy, Mass., to certain New England States, applicable
when consignor shipped 20,000 pounds or more at one time to one or more than
one destination, found justified. Rates, subject to certain minimum charges,
applied at actual weight of each shipment from origin point to its respective
destination. While this method of loading would not be set forth in tariff rule,
it was understood by shipper and motor carriers planning to participate in the
transportation. New England Motor Carrier Rates, 195 (196).

Proposed commodity rates on paper bags, in less than truckloads, from Port
Newark, N. J., to New York and Yonkers, N. Y., found unreasonably low com-
pared with truckload and carload rates. Paper Bags from Port Newark to New
York and Yonkers, N. Y., 787.

Ratings: Any-quantity all-freight rates are of doubtful propriety, as they
tend to break down the classification bases at which less-than-truckload traffic
should normally move. All Freight from and to Lincoln and Omaha, Nebr.,
634 (638).

LIABILITY OF CARRIER, GUARANTY BY CONTROLLING COMPANY.
See SECURITIES (IN GENERAL).

LIABILITY OF CARRIERS. See EQUIPMENT (LEASED).

LICENSES.

Brokerage: See BROKERS (LICENSES); PASSENGERS (COMMON CARRIAGE OF
PASSENGERS).

LIMITATION OF CERTIFICATES. See CONVENIENCE AND NECESSITY
(CERTIFICATES).

LIMITATION OF PERMITS. See CONTRACT CARRIERS (PERMITS).
LINE HAUL.

Services Included in Line-Haul Rates: While truck service under proposed
truckload rates on potatoes and onions from Burlington and Minot, N. Dak.,
was more complete than rail service, proposed rates were unlawful because they
included valuable accessorial services for which rail lines made additional charges
and as a result were lower than competitive rail rates. Onions and Potatoes
from North Dakota to Twin Cities, 153 (155).

LIVESTOCK. See COMMODITIES (SCOPE OF OPERATION).
LOADING.

In General: Proposed less-than-truckload rates on soap, vegetable-oil short-
ening, lard substitutes, etc., from Quincy, Mass., to certain New England States,
applicable when consignor shipped 20,000 pounds or more at one time to one or
more than one destination, found justified. Rates, subject to certain minimum
charges, applied at actual weight of each shipment from origin point to its respec-
tive destination. While this method of loading would not be set forth in tariff
rule, it was understood by shipper and motor carriers planning to participate in
the transportation. New England Motor Carrier Rates, 195 (196).
Minimum Weight: See MINIMUM WEIGHTS.

Return: See RETURN (LOADING).

State Statutes: See MINIMum Weights (Loading RestRICTIONS).

LOCAL RATES. See PROPORTIONAL RATES; REASONABLENESS (RATES, FARES,
AND CHARGES (UNREASONABLY LOW RATES)).

LOGS.

Driver's: See RECORDS (DRIVER'S LOGS).

LOW RATES.

See REASONABLENESS (RATES, FARES, AND CHARGES (UNREA-
SONABLY LOW RATES)).

MAIL.

Common Carriage with Passengers: See PASSENGERS (COMMON CARRIAGE
OF PASSENGERS).

MANAGEMENT. See EQUIPMENT (Leased).

MASTER AND SERVANT. See AGENTS (CARRIERS'); EQUIPMENT (LEASED).
MAXIMUM LIMITATIONS ON SIZE AND WEIGHT OF EQUIPMENT.
See EQUIPMENT (SIZE AND WEIGHT).

MERCHANDISE RATES. See ALL-COMMODITY AND MERCHANDISE RATES.
METHOD OF DISTRIBUTION. See ROUTES (SCOPE OF OPERATION).
MINIMUM CHARGES.

Contract Carriers: Proposed reduced minimum charge on fresh and salted
meats, packing-house products and supplies, and dairy products, from St. Joseph
and South St. Joseph, Mo., to Denver, Colo., found not justified without preju-
dice to filing of schedules in conformity with the findings. Proposed charge,
which was the actual contract charge, was not unreasonable as applied to meats
and packing-house products, but inclusion in the item of packing-house supplies
of typewriters and scientific instruments, which were of far greater value
than those to which the item would primarily apply and which differed in other
respects, would result in rates which would be obviously low compared with the
prevailing rates from and to these points on such articles. Watson Bros. Transp.
Co., Inc., Minimum Charges to Denver, 149.
MINIMUM RATES.

In General: Proposed proportional class and commodity rates between Nor-
folk and Richmond, Va., found unlawful and ordered canceled, without prejudice
to filing schedules of rates not lower than competing motor-carrier rates, differ-
ences in absorption of terminal-usage charges considered, or not less than 5 cents
higher than water-carrier rates, where latter excluded pick-up and delivery serv
ices, and not lower than rates prescribed in 24 M. C. C. 501, in connection with
rates to or from points beyond. Proportional Rates Between Norfolk and Rich-
mond, Va., 53 (59).

Prescription by Commission: Findings in 8 M. C. C. 233, as modified, pre-
scribing minimum commodity rates in central territory, further modified to per-
mit establishment on tomatoes from Genoa, Ohio, to Pittsburgh, Pa., and on
empty tomato baskets in opposite direction, rates the same as those prescribed
to and from Toledo, Ohio. Central Territory Motor Carrier Rates, 43.

Findings in 8 M. C. C. 233, and related cases, prescribing minimum rates, charges, classifications, ratings, rules, and regulations in central territory, modified. Central Territory Motor Carrier Rates, 67.

Findings in 8 M. C. C. 233, and subsequent cases, modified to establish basis of minimum reasonable truckload commodity rate for the transportation of used factory and office equipment from Detroit, Mich., to Marion, Ohio. Central Territory Motor Carrier Rates, 115.

Proposed new truckload commodity rates on potatoes, other than sweet, and onions, without tops, in straight or mixed shipments, from Burlington and Minot, N. Dak., to Twin Cities, and points grouped therewith, found unlawful when they were less than reasonable minimum rates. Onions and Potatoes from North Dakota to Twin Cities, 153 (158).

Bases of minimum reasonable class and commodity rates, with certain exceptions, for transportation of property between New England points, on one hand, and points in eastern New York and New Jersey, on the other, prescribed in 8 M. C. C. 287 and related cases, modified. New England Motor Carrier Rates, 195 (196-198).

Proposed reduced minimum rates on fireproofed, oiled, or waterproofed cotton cloth from Coshocton, Ohio, to Detroit, Mich., and St. Louis, Mo., authorized. Finding in 8 M. C. C. 233, and subsequent cases, modified. Central Territory Motor Carrier Rates, 285.

While local and joint class and commodity rates for transportation of property between points in Colorado and points in Kansas, and between Kansas City, Mo.-Kans., and points in Kansas and Colorado appeared to be depressed in some instances and to be comparatively low, record was insufficient to furnish an adequate basis for prescribing minimum reasonable rates and ratings. Carriers were therefore given 60 days within which to reexamine and revise their tariffs, after which, if tariffs should not be revised, petitions for further hearing to establish a proper record for prescription of minimum rates would be entertained. MidWestern Motor Freight Tariff Bureau, Inc., v. Weinland, 507.

Findings in 8 M. C. C. 287, and supplemental proceedings, modified by prescription of minimum reasonable class and commodity rates between New England points, and between New England points, on the one hand, and points in eastern New York and northeastern New Jersey, on the other, to meet carrier competition, place competing points on a rate parity, permit maintenance of same commodity rate from intermediate as from more distant point, and establish the same rates on commodities having similar weight densities. New England Motor Carrier Rates, 623.

Findings in 8 M. C. C. 287, and related cases, prescribing minimum reasonable class and commodity rates for transportation of property between New England points, and between New England points on the one hand and points in eastern New York and northeastern New Jersey on the other, further modified to revise certain rates which were improperly related to other prescribed rates, to accord certain competing producing points a parity of rates with other points, and to establish reasonably compensatory rates to meet the rates of competitive transportation agencies. New England Motor Carrier Rates, 689.

Findings in 8 M. C. C. 233, and supplemental proceedings, prescribing minimum reasonable class and commodity rates between points in central territory, further modified to reduce rates and ratings or change commodity descriptions to meet competitive rates, or to establish rates comparable to those maintained on the same commodities between other points, and to increase some of the rates for purpose of removing inconsistencies in existing rates. Central Territory Motor Carrier Rates, 751.