Background Materials on Government Patent Policies: The Ownership of Inventions Resulting from Federally Funded Research and DevelopmentU.S. Government Printing Office, 1977 - Patents and government-developed inventions |
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$1 billion-Industry activities Agriculture application areas basic civilian commercial markets commercial position commercial potential commercial products commercial utilization Committee Company compounds contractor inventions cross-licensing Defense Department Department of Defense drug firms educational and nonprofit EFFECT OF GOVERNMENT effect of patent effort employees exclusive license exclusive rights factors Federal fields gas turbine Government agencies government contracts government inventions government patent policy government research government-owned inventions government-sponsored inventions Government's grant Harbridge House important indicated industry infringement inventor involved know-how manufacture medicinal chemistry ment mercial million NASA nonexclusive nonprofit institutions obtain operations organizations ownership of patents participation in government patent rights patentable inventions percent government business performed Presidential Policy prior experience problems promote public interest public-service agencies Question questionnaire R&D programs reasons refusal reported research and development responses royalty sample inventions survey sample Table technical tion undertake utilized patent
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Page 51 - Generally, research and development contracts should be awarded to those organizations, including educational organizations, which have the highest competence in the specific field of science or technology involved.
Page 5 - Foundation to procure the full development of this country's scientific and technical resources along the lines recommended by Dr. Vannevar Bush, Director of the Office of Scientific Research and Development, in his report entitled "Science, the Endless Frontier.
Page 36 - The public interest in a dynamic and efficient economy requires that efforts be made to encourage the expeditious development and civilian use of these inventions. Both the need for incentives to draw forth private initiatives to this end, and the need to promote healthy competition in industry must be weighed in the disposition of patent rights under Government contracts.
Page 144 - First, a single presumption of ownership does not provide a satisfactory basis for Government-wide policy on the allocation of rights to inventions. Another common ground of understanding is that the Government has a responsibility to foster the fullest exploitation of the inventions for the public benefit. Attached for your guidance is a statement of Government patent policy, which...
Page 21 - As a basic policy, all contracts for research and development work financed with Federal funds should contain a stipulation providing that the Government shall be entitled to all rights to inventions produced in the performance of the contract.
Page 196 - ... of all US employment. a. Federal Defense-Related Employment. Active duty military personnel totaled approximately 2.5 million. Slightly more than 1 million civilians were employed in 1960 in Federal defense-related agencies, principally the Department of Defense, but also including the Atomic Energy Commission, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and several smaller organizations. Together these employees represented 47 percent of all Federal civilian employment.
Page 202 - ... (3) Unless otherwise agreed a seller who is a merchant regularly dealing in goods of the kind warrants that the goods shall be delivered free of the rightful claim of any third person by way of infringement or the like but a buyer who furnishes specifications to the seller must hold the seller harmless against any such claim which arises out of compliance with the specifications.
Page 8 - On the other hand, if the employment be general, albeit it covers a field of labor and effort in the performance of which the employee conceived the invention for which he obtained a patent, the contract is not so broadly construed as to require an assignment of the patent.
Page 192 - ... necessary incentive to call forth private risk capital and expense to bring the invention to the point of practical application or that the Government's contribution to the invention is small compared to that of the contractor. Where an identified invention made in the course of or under the contract is not a primary object of the contract, greater rights may also be acquired by the contractor under the criteria of Section l(c).
Page 192 - Federal funds was stemming from the National Science Foundation, the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. In the...