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was a ruin, and Night's horrid glare
terror, the face of Despair;
houseless, bewailing,
Pity assailing,

= wild shrieks pierc'd the merciless air.
-od EDWARD, im; loring each wind,
ov'd sister, who lingered behind;
, my poor MARY,

y to me, MARY

fpoor EDWARD, a piliow you'll find.

call'd, for now the volum'd smoke =etween the parting rafters broke ;

20 apples in a minute. Mr. Coats has al-
fo made an improvement on faw-mills,
which faves one third of the ufual labor.

We understand the proprietor has em-
powered Col. Henry B. Livingfton, of
Rhinebeck, to difpofe of patent rights for
the above improvements, in the flates of
New-York and Connecticut.

FROM A LONDON PAPER.

AN invention, that promises to be of infinite utility to fhipping, has lately occupied the attention of the Board at Woolwich. A plan has been presented by a Gentleman, well acquainted with the fubject, for throwing a grapple or kedge anchor and hawfer a confiderable diftance off, from the mouth of a 12-pounder. The general opinion of the Officers of the Eoard is, that it will fucceed. The whole apparatus fo trying the experiment has been ordered to be got ready, and the elfect will fhortly be produced.

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COLUMBIAN

AND

REPO

"HAIL SACRED POLITY, BY FREEDOM REAR'D!
"HAIL SACRED FREEDOM, WHEN BY LAW RESTRAIN'D !"

BEATTIE.

L

Driginal.

HUDSON, (NEW-YORK) TUESDAY, JUNE 26, 1804.

Hither the products of your closet-labors bring,
Enrich our columns, and instruct mankind.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE BALANCE.

SIR,

A CITIZEN, in his relation to

may poffibly awe, but cannot convince.
Impofition and deception will, at least,
roule, the people; and then let dema
gogues beware. The relentment of the
injured is vehement and terrible.

The conduct of those who have the di.

rection of our affairs, is a proper object of fcrutiny. They are the fervants of the public, and their vices as well as virtues a government founded on rational princi- ought to be held forth to the people. Poples of liberty, has been defcribed as one litical fcrutiny, fir, is the life of our gov. who participates equally of fubordination ernment. It preferves the energies of and power. This description meets the liberty. It reftrains the corrupt, and concurrence of my understanding and in keeps virtue on the guard. The cenfures conformity to the fense of it, I will en- of malignant partizans, can never destroy deavour to act. In obedience to the the reputation of honeft and upright poprinciple of rational fubordination, I will litical fervants, or estrange from them the peacefully fubmit to laws conflitutionally confidence of their political masters. But enacted; and with reference to my right-reftraints upon the right of investigation, ful power, I will exercife the priviledge will tend to the deftruction of our liberinfeperable from a freeman, of canvaffing ties. An honeft public agent will court the measures of administration with mode-inveftigation, and challenge the malice of ration and candour, and of cenfuring with boldness the errors and misconduct of public officers. Our liberty, fir, has cost us too much blood, to be entrusted, with blind and implicit confidence, to a fet of men, whatever may be their virtues and talents. The vigilance of the people must be kept up, to awe even the patriotic and mode

rate.

Our political adverfaries, elated with fuccefs, arrogate to themselves exclufive merit and patriotifm. In the delirum of their triumph, they affert with confidence. their political infallibility, and imagine it the highest prefumption in the minority, to question even the policy of their conduct. Their fuperior ftrength, may make

fefs it is m ferve, how when their imadverted difplayed by their most only threat

nounce ven

to publifht country, I arrogance. not endure exercise th without reft tion of me happinessty has confe cognized by ftitution.

In the c

fhall hereaft tend boldly dopted by th

the characte Believing th this country

tive, and thi

are actuated our libertie

calumny. The refult of every enquiry
will fhew the purity of his intentions and
confirm to him the attachment of the peo-
ple. The cunning demagogue, who lays
his plan to defraud a brave and unsuspect.
ing people of their rights, will fometimes
affect to favour inveftigation. To enfure
fuccefs to his defigns, he will adopt fome
plaufible measures, calculated to catch
their minds and flatter their prejudices.
Every appeal to them by his enemies will
operate to his advantage. The people will
give new credit to every successful vindi-
cation of his conduct, and then, after folly in the
waiting a prudent length of time to fatisfy
is demand, he will feize their liberties.
With all due allowances to the fuperior

preffion of r by the reftr My ftricture againft him the lycopha

that execute

and to hold Let, then, t exercise bis

202

alfachusetts Legiflature.

HIGHLY IMPORTANT MOTION.

ed for confideration to-morrow at 11 o'clock.

The Balance.

that important Magiftrate, the weight of
the fmall States (among which are most of
the Eaftern States, where there are few or
no flaves) is greatly diminished.

And whereas the apportionment of the
direct tax, the only compenfation propof-
ed by the Conftitution to the States, not
holding flaves, for the aforefaid unequal

in France, I find them dictated by the most confummate art the policy of Talleyrand could devife. The arreft of Moreau, and his probable condemnation ere this; the feizure of the Duc d'Enghein, and his immediate execution; the pretended confpiracy, and the implication of a Bitifh Minifter, are events that have followed each other in fuch rapid fucceffion, as to leave for a time no other impreffion on the mind than aftonishment and surprise; But thefe, are tranfitory paffions, and the mind foon again refumes its reflective

WEDNESDAY, JUNE 13. Mr. ELY, of Springfield, after making a few judicious and pertinent preliminary remarks, laid the following motion on the table; which after being read, was affign-principle in reprefentation is now merely nominal, as the national revenues are, principally, derived from commercial impofts, the prefent adminiftration having repealed the excife laws, which operated in feme measure by a Tax on Luxuries, to equal-powers, the feveral States the contribu among tions to the Public bur.hens; and having alfo recently affelfed additional millions on commerce, of which the Eaftern States muft pay much more than their due proportion-lo that inftead of contributing lefs than their proportionate fhare of pub. lic expente, as was contemplated by the Conflitution as a counterpart to unequal reprefentation, they contribute more.

Whereas by the Conftitution of the United States it is provided, that the Reprefentatives fhall be apportioned among the feveral States, according to their ref pective numbers, which fhall be determined, by adding to the whole number of free perfons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other perfons; and further, that for the choice of the Prefident and Vice Prefident of the United States, each state shall appoint a number of Electors, equal to the whole number of Senators and Reprefentatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress.

And whereas the faid provifions were fo manifeftly unequal at the time the conftitution was formed, that they could have re'fulted only from the spirit of conciliation and compromife which influenced the Eaftern States; because, in confequence thereof a reprefentation of the States is produced, unjust and injurious in its operation, both as it regards the number of free inhabitants in the feveral States and their property,

As in a state where the flavery of man is established by law, the flaves have no voice in the elections-but a Planter, poffeffing fifty flaves may be confidered as having 30 votes, while a farmer of Maffachusetts, having equal or greater property, is confined to a fingle vote,

ize

And whereas a Union of the States, a
measure so important in its confequences,
cannot, harmoniously, exift for a long pe-
riod, unless it be founded on principles,

which fhall fecure to all free citizens, e-
qual political rights and privileges in the
government, fo that a minority may not
govern a majority-an event, which, on
the principles of reprefentation now eftab.
lifhed, has already happened, and may al-
ways happen,

Therefore, to preferve the Union of the
States upon found and juft Principles,
and to establish a foundation for general
harmony and confidence among all the
citizens of the United States, by fecuring
to them now and at all future periods equal
political rights and privileges.

MOVED,

That the Senators of this Commonwealth, in the Congrefs of the United

And whereas the effect of thefe provif-States, be inftructed to take all proper ions, has been rendered ftill more unequal and injurious, by the course of events, fince the Conftitution was established, by an augmentation of the number of flaves, in the Southern States, and alfo by an increase of perfonal property in the Eaftern States, arifing from the commercial fpirit of its inhabitants.

and legal meafures to obtain an amendment
of the Conftitution of the United States,
fo that the Reprefentatives be appointed
among the feveral States according to the
number of their Free Inhabitants refpec-
tively, and for this purpofe that they en.
deavour to obtain a Refolution of two
thirds of both Houfes of Congrefs, pro-

of the feveral States in the Union, and

that a Committee be raifed to bring in a
Refolve for that purpose.

And whereas the faid provifions have been rendered more injurious by impor-pofing fuch amendment to the Legiflatures tant political changes, introduced during the prefent adminiftration, in the purchale of Louifiana, an extenfive country, which will require a great number of flaves for its cultivation, and when admitted into. the Union, agreeably to the ceffion, will contribute, by the number of its flaves, to destroy the real influence of the Eaftern States in the National Government; and alfo in the alteration of the original mode of electing the Prefident of the United IN taking a fpeculative review of States, whereby, in the appointment of the late tranfactions which have happened

FROM THE CHARLESTON COURIER.
To the Editor of the Courier.

SIR,

The attachment of the army to the perfon of the First Conful had lately become dubious and uncertain; and it was known that the voice of the people, though not loud, was difpofed to be fo in favour of In proportion as the exiled Bourbons. the Corfican defpot had made himself ob noxious to the Pre had him fer love recurred to its former channel; they faw with regret the throne that had been filled for ages paft by a mild and virtuous race (with few exceptions only); they beheld that regal power which had been wifely and leniently fwayed by their beloved Henry, now ufurped by a foreigner.

To prove the attachment of the army was the first and most material point. To effect this, Moreau was arrested, the idol and favorite of the foldiers, the rival of Bonaparte. If his imprifonment was fuffered, he might afterwards be exiled, condemned to death, or pardoned, as hatred or policy might diftate. This was an aw ful moment, a critical period, but it was fuccefsful. The army fhamefully and daflardly deferted their General: thofe officers who had been fed by his bounty thofe foldiers who in the moment of danger and defeat looked up to him, and him alone, for protection and fafety; thofe foldiers whom he had always regarded as his children, and whom he had never de, ferted now abandoned him-Poor Mo

reau

"Fall'n, fall'n, fall'n, fall'n,
Fall'n from his high estate,
And welt'ring in his bloed,
Deserted at his utmost need
By those his former bounty fed;
On the bare earth repos'd he lies,

Without a friend to close his eyes." Secure of the army, Bonaparte's next object was to afcertain the force of the people. This was a fecondary point, and when compared to the firft, attended with little danger, The feizure of a Bourbon followed; and to effect this, the neutral rights of a neutral power were invaded; the Laws of Nations were trampled on. The Duke d'Enghein was carried to Paris, and after a mock trial, was executed.

* HENRY IV. surnamed the Great.

fees through the thin gauze of political || Strong delivered a fpeech abounding with craft, and Italian deceit.

It is evident that Bonaparte ftill feels himfelfinfecure on his ufurped and bloody throne. In blood he waded to it, and by the effufion of blood alone does he retain it-Like Damocles, he tafles not the dainties of his table, he enjoys not the magnificence which furrounds him; he fees fufpended over his head a fword, which foon or late muft, and will fall, for it is the fword of retributive juftice. MANLIUS.

FROM THE EVENING POST.

MASSACHUSETTS LEGISLATURE. THE" General Court" of Maffachufetts, at her prefent feffion, take high fed. eral ground. Two measures have been adopted of no little moment: one for the choice of electors by a general ticket, fo that the electoral vote will be uniform; the other is a propofed amendment to the federal conftitution, by which the reprefentatives of the feveral ftates in Congrefs fhall be appointed" according to their number of FREE inhabitants." The former has paffed both Houfes, the latter has paffed the popular branch. This may be fet down' in the political docket as the great

Whatever might have been the feelings of the people, they were filént. Something was still to be done. The invasion of a neutral state might perhaps route from its daftardly lethargy the flumbering force of the continent. To leave no time for reflection, to avert all expoftulations on that fubjett, he addreffes a circular letter to ali the foreign minifters refident at Paris, in which he implicates a British minifter in a fabricated confpiracy against the lite of the Firft Conful, and against the government of France. Congratulatory anfwers were required, and probably dictated. The politive guilt of the British minifter is lett very dubious; and while the world (particularly that fervile part of it conftituting the diplomatic characters at Paris) is drawing inferences, expreffing doubts, and wondering at the confummate impudence of the First Conful, he fmiles at the fuccefs of his fchemes and machinations, and well he may fmile; for he has fucceeded, and his triumph is complete-He has averted all animadverfions on his own violation of the laws of nations; he has turned from himself and from his own actions, the fcrutinizing eye of the world; he has given to mankind a fubject replete with doubt and enquiry, and while they are occupied with wonder and investigation, he laughs at their credulity-himself and his deeds remain forgotten and unheeded. But of all the virulent and illiberal letters addreffed by the diplomatic characters at Paris, on the farcical efcape of the First Conful, I regard that of the American minif ter, Mr. Livingston, as the most malig. nant, the most indecent; he avails himfelf with avidity, of the opportunity of crouch. ing, lowly crouching, at the feet of a fan-ity of the people of the U. States; take a guinary defpot, and eagerly feizes the mo. ment favourable for bending an obfequious knee at the fhrine of his Philo. Gallie prefidential friend. His reference to the candour of Mr. Jefferfon may, or may not, be juft, (we would with pain inveftigate that point) but the reference is in itself irrelevant and improper; if any appeal must be made, let it be made where it ought, to the candour and liberality of that nation of which he is the reprefentative.Mr. L. forgets, or wishes to forget, that he is the miniffer plenipotentiary of a republic, and not of an individual.

Of the various extracts above alluded to, I perceive many are without beginning and without end; and I ftrongly fufpe&t that fome of them would imply a different fignification if the whole letters were pub lied, in lieu of mutilated fragments.The Ruffian minifter alone appears to have maintained the honor and independence of his country. His anfwer is calm and firm, divested of all perfonal abuse or national

cause of

The Commonwealth of Maffachusetts

VS.

The Commonwealth of Virginia. Fiat juflieia-rual cælum, is the plaintiffs

motto.

FROM THE SAME.

good fenfe, found reafon, and true federal fentiment. The following is an extract from the reply of the Senate :

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"In all free States, the tyrants, who have ultimately wrefled from the people their liberties have commenced their ma chinations under the garb of patriotifm," and have rifen into influence, by employing their talents to inflame the paffions of the people and excite their contempt of decency and order." Whenever, therefore, in any country, a clafs, or def cription of men arifes, making loud and exclufive pretenfions of friendship for the people, yet fupporting thofe pretenfions by no rare inftances of private or public virtue; when fuch a clafs or defcription of men, fet themselves affiduously to deceive and corrupt the people, ftriving, by fubtle infinuations and by the circulation of anonymous falfhoods, to deprive honorable and virtuous men of the fair rewards of their talents and integrity, it becomes all those, who have a real regard for the people, and who poffefs a juft and noble zeal to perpetuate the bleffings of liberty, order and religion, to be vigilant, active and inftant, to maintain the fundamental principles of a free government, "piety, juftice, moderation, temperence, industry and frugality;" and "to have a particular attention to all thofe principles, in the choice of their officers and reprefentatives."

When this paragraph was under confideration, it met with the moft violent oppofition of almost every democrat in the

The democrats boaft of being the major-houfe. The plain honeft patriot will be

way their 800.000 Negro Slaves, their Irith, Scotch, English and French aliens and renegadoes, and then fee where the majority will remain. They dare not try the reprefentation in Congrefs. If they are experiment of excluding the Slaves from ferious in wifhing to amend the conflitution, let them advocate this amendment, or give their flaves their freedom.

Editor's Closet.

NEW-ENGLAND SPIRIT.

At the opening of the prefent feffion of

cenfure—it is the language of a man who the legiflature of Massachusetts, Governor

puzzled to know the reafon of this oppofition. He will fee nothing in the language or the fentiment, that a virtuous citizen can object to. But "the galled jade will wince." You cannot make a coat for a demagogue, but every democrat will immediately flip it on. Describe accurately a fham-patriot, and every democrat will exclaim "You mean me!" Well-let it be to-The federalifts of the Maffachusetts Senate no doubt intended to sketch a portrait of democracy. The picture must be a good one, for even democracy itself acknowledges it.

We obferve, in the democratic papers, a general complaint of the editors, that they cannot read the communications of their fcribblers ! ! !

The name of the Philadelphia Evening Post, an able paper set up in opsynet n to the Auroa. has been changed to that of "Freeman's Journal."

Agricultural.

EXTRACT.

ON MAKING HAY.

to the Editor of the Agricultural Magazine.

SIR,

I

in the kingdom could poffibly contend
with them.

In the mode of making hay here, they
excel as much as in their herbage. I fhall
therefore relate a few particulars of their
procefs, as given me by one of them.

46

My chief confideration is, fays he, to
make fuch hay as will fatten, not merely
keep cattle alive; and my leaft confidera-
tion is the expenfe of doing this. Before
I begin, I always engage five good hay-
makers to each mower. On the firft
morning of mowing, although there is
apparently little for them to do, I order
out my whole ftrength, and first, by a
careful tedding, and as foon as this is
done, by an immediate turning of the
grafs, whilft it is in its grafs ftate, this
herbage is fo worked, that fcarcely any
two blades of it can be found adhering to
each other, or lying in the fame direction.
Thus the whole is made to lie as open or
hollow as poffible, and every blade is e.
qually expofed to the drying effects of the
fun and air, and the color and smell of the
whole is, as much as poffible, preferved.
By having plenty of hands I can give it
repeated turnings, and I gain nearly a

well at firft; and thus a few fhillings ex-
tra expended at the beginning, is fre-
quently the faving or gaining of pounds.
I never fuffer my hay to lie abroad upon
the ground after five o'clock in the after-
noon, when the falling of the evening's
dew commences, which is, I am convin-
ced, very injurious to hay. I never fut-
fer my hay to be touched in the morning
till the dew has entirely difappeared.
never carry my hay together into a barn
or building, but always into a rick, where
I know it fettles much clofer together,
and will keep much fweeter, and preferve
its weight much longer than in a covered
building."

AM juft returned from a vifit to Cricklade, in the county of Wilts. In the vicinity of this town, I faw fuch land. fuch bay, and fo judicious a method of making hay, as I never witneffed before; I am therefore defirous of once more appearing before the public in print. The land here, though a strong clay to the very furface, produces an herbage very luxuriant, and at the fame time fine, and plen-whole day in the procefs, by working it tifully intermixed with white clover, and likewife tolerably early. This herbage, when converted into hay, according to the excellent practice of this neighborhood, is found to be equally fattening with the best hay and corn, or hay and oil-cake, of almost any other diftrict in his Majefty's dominions. Indeed nothing but grafs and hay are ever used here in the process of fattening, even the largest oxen; and this circumftance convinces me, that there is not fo much merit in the mode adopted by Lord Somerville, to afcertain the comparative difpofitions of different breeds of cattle to atten, as is generally imagined His Lordship's method may ferve to difcover the comparative excellence of the land which produces their food, but not of the cattle. To afcertain this, the food of all fhould be of the fame quality. For there is more difference in the quality of land, and in the refpective food which it produces, than in the breeds of cattle. Take two yoke of oxen of the fame breed, of the fame value, and in the fame condition and feed one yoke in the above neighborhood, and the other on land of inferior quality, on the best land in the Occupation of the Duke of Bedford for inftance; and at the end of ten months it will be found, that the yoke fatted in the vicinity of Cricklade will be heavier by one fourth of their whole weight, than the yoke which was led at Woburn. If the graziers in this part of Wiltshire fhould think it worth their while to exert themfelves in the purfuit of the premiums gi ven by Lord Somerville, no other graziers

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REGARDING this trial as involving principles of the first importance to every American who boasts of the Liberty of the Prefs as his birth right, and which is to afford him a perpetual bulwark againft oppreffion, it would be unpardonable in us to permit the occafion to pals off without endeavouring to attract and fix the public attention on this caufe and its iffue.

The defendant, Gard ner Tracy, prin ter of the Lanfingburgh Gazette, was inI dicted for having wickedly and maliciously publifhed, that, on the trial of Harry Crofwell for a libel on the Prefident of the United States, "the Judge (Lewis) retu fed Mr. Crofwell the priviledge of producing his witneffes." This it appeared was extracted from another paper, the Ufler Gazette. We have not the Uifter Gazette containing the article alluded to, but we are informed it was for the original publication of this very article that Samuel S. Freer, the printer of that paner, was arrefted and brought before the Supreme Court on an attachment for a contempt of court, and after attending in perfon feveral days was at length adjudged guilty of the contempt and punifhed by fine. Whether the publication was the lame for which Tracy was inditted, we cannot undertake to affert; if it was, it would furnifh a fingular inftance where the Judges have punifhed a man as being guilty, whom a jury of his country have afterwards pronounced innocent. But as we are not at prefent fufficiently prepared with facts to warrant a comparison of the cafes, we return to the trial before us.

Thefe rules and regulations, Mr. Edi-
tor, although they may not be new to cer-
tain of your readers. are, I affert, genu-
ine and ellential to the process of making
good hay; and the man who obferves
them not, is ether ignorant of, or inat-
tentive to his own intereft. I wish, par-
ticularly, to contrast this method with the
two very extraordinary modes mentioned
in your Magazine for April as practiled on
the continent, I wifh likewife to fet it in
competition with the method recommend.
ed a year or two ago, by Mr. Wakefield,
near Liverpool, in an Effay to the Society

of Arts, and for which I am afraid he r
ceived a premium from the Society;
which was nothing more or less than bind-
ing up green clover in bundles, and fuf-
fer them to remain flanding on one end till

* Tedding means "haymakers following the mowers, and casting it abroad with sticks.”.

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The defendant naturally placed his reliance on the innocence of his intentions,

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