Mr. SIKES. In other words, we had understood that the Army was going to operate land transportation, and the Navy was going to operate water transportation. That is still the picture? Colonel MILTON. That is correct, but although the Navy will operate water transportation it will still be required that the Army contribute funds for such operation. Mr. ENGEL. You will have to ship, I imagine, tanks and materials by steamer and rail. Colonel MILTON. Yes. Mr. ENGEL. How long does it take for the average steamer to make the trip from here to Korea and back? Colonel MILTON. I would estimate that from San Francisco to Korea would require from 12 to 13 days. It is a little farther from San Francisco and Seattle to Korea than it is to Yokohama, and the steaming time to Yokohama is approximately 11 days, or a little more. Mr. ENGEL. Do you mean of a freighter? Colonel MILTON. I am talking about the fastest vessels, sir. Colonel MILTON. Yes. Now, going into the straight-cargo vessels, it would take a period of time I would estimate from 14 to 17 days. Mr. ENGEL. And it would be twice that number of days for a round trip, including loading and unloading? Colonel MILTON. No, sir; just the steaming time. Mr. ENGEL. It would take the same amount of time coming back as going over? Colonel MILTON. Yes. Mr. ENGEL. Then you would have your unloading time and the other time taken out. It would take 45 days to 2 months for a complete trip? Colonel MILTON. I do not believe that you could figure a complete round trip, including the unloading time, at less than 45 days. Mr. ENGEL. We talked about a freighter going over to Japan. We figured 3 months at one time. General REEDER. That was convoy. (Discussion off the record.) CHEMICAL CORPS WITNESS LT. COL. JOHN J. HAYES, COMPTROLLER OF THE CHEMICAL CORPS GENERAL STATEMENT Mr. MAHON. Colonel Hayes, do you have a statement for the Chemical Corps? Colonel HAYES. Yes, Mr. Chairman. Gentlemen, I am appearing before you today in the absence of General McAuliffe who has been on a mission to Europe where he participated in the dedication of the Bastogne Memorial in Belgium. The military budget estimates of the Chemical Corps for the fiscal year 1951, which you have before you, total $69,153,278. This is an increase of $31,853,278 over the fiscal year 1951 estimates as reported by the Senate Committee on Appropriations. This additional amount has been made necessary by the expansion of the Army and for the task force coming to grips with communism in Korea. A small part of this increase-212 percent ($855,630)—is required for the payment of civilians to replace enlisted personnel engaged in administrative and clerical duties who are being transferred to tactical units in the expanding Army, to establish a new course for the training of Chemical Corps intelligence teams, and to accelerate the biological and radiological warfare training programs. To support the task force, $20,234,207 is required for procurement, production, and delivery of supplies and materials to support Korea operations, and to cover the increased cost of maintenance and operation of active facilities due to the enlarged production program. These funds will provide for the procurement or production of the initial increment of critical items of ammunition and weapons required to support the combat operations in Korea. In order to further expand the Army and to provide cross-service support for the Air Force requirements for incendiaries and other Chemical Corps ammunition items in combat operations, $10,763,441 additional will be required for the third increment. Further expansion of Chemical Corps industrial facilities with their attendant costs of maintenance and operation, add to the cost of providing ammunition and supplies either through renovation or repair of existing unserviceable stocks, or by now procurement of more modern up-to-date items. Mr. MAHON. Any questions? Mr. SIKES. Colonel Hayes, what is there in the Chemical Corps' estimate that costs $20,000,000 plus? Colonel HAYES. The biggest requirement is for the production of ammunition and equipment, being requested by General MacArthur. Mr. SIKES. Is it mortar ammunition, napalm, smoke, and so forth? Colonel HAYES. Not mortar ammunition; that is furnished by the Ordnance Department. In the main, smoke pots, grenades, napalm, fuel for flame throwers, protective equipment, and items of that type are what is required. Mr. SIKES. The remainder of the $31,000,000 represents a stepping up in training and preparation at home by the Chemical Corps for any emergency that might arise? Colonel HAYES. Yes sir, but I would say stepping up not so much of the training as in the productive capacity-the breaking out of certain of the industrial facilities which have been in stand-by condition under the industrial mobilization program in order to start making items in considerable quantity. Mr. SIKES. Now off the record. (Off record discussion.) MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS Mr. MAHON. General Decker, a lot of this material is available here to us and can be considered later by the committee. It takes time to digest some of these tables. Is there any further information that you have that you can supply to the committee, or do you have any further statement? General DECKER. You have heard the testimony in connection with the larger of the appropriation requests. I will mention briefly the items that have not been touched upon previously. Mr. MAHON. You are referring to other items in the book of justifications? General DECKER. That is correct. Mr. MAHON. Containing several hundred pages? General DECKER. Yes; to which reference is made in the book. I will briefly mention and touch upon the items which have not been covered heretofore. CONTINGENCIES OF THE ARMY First is contingencies of the Army. That is a fund which can be used for any purpose for which no other appropriation is available. For example, General MacArthur recently requested $5,000,000, which was transferred to him, and made available to him. That can be used by the Secretary of the Army for any purpose that he approves. That fund is only used on his specific approval. There is no request for the next two items-special field exercises and inter-American relations. You have already heard testimony on all the services down to the item of Army training. ARMY TRAINING For Army training there is an item of $2,667,000, which is explained at tab 19 of the justifications. It pertains mostly to replacing military instructors at schools with civilians in order to make military personnel available for use in tactical units. NATIONAL GUARD The next item in the appropriation request is for the National Guard. That is to provide for some additional week end firing to permit individuals to qualify with arms, so that when they come to the summer camp the entire period can be devoted to tactical training. Mr. MAHON. Would it be good for us to provide additional funds for the National Guard in order to provide a greater degree of readiness to the National Guard? General DECKER. The request of the Army has been limited to this amount at this time for the reason that definite plans for the National Guard are still under study. Mr. MAHON. Do you think that the funds provided here for the National Guard are sufficient to take care of the situation in the light of the pending program? General DECKER. The Army does feel that they are sufficient at this time. Mr. MAHON. For the program that is now in the process of study? General DECKER. Probably not. Mr. MAHON. And if any additional funds are required we can depend upon you to provide the necessary explanation? General DECKER. Yes; the necessary justifications at that time. General DECKER. I might add that any National Guard units coming into the Federal service are paid from the Regular Army funds. Mr. MAHON. Yes. General DECKER. That leaves a greater balance in the National Guard appropriation to be expended on the units remaining. Mr. MAHON. That is correct. ORGANIZED RESERVES General DECKER. Now, with respect to the Organized Reserves we have requested an additional $6,000,000, and that is to increase the number of units in the class A status, for 48 drills a year, as compared with 24 to B. Mr. MAHON. To provide a greater degree of readiness? General DECKER. To provide a greater degree of readiness for the Organized Reserves. RESERVE OFFICERS' TRAINING CORPS For the ROTC, you will note we are asking an additional $9,000,000, which will provide for 28,000 additional basic students and 9,000 additional advanced course students. Mr. MAHON. Is that as far as you can reasonably go at this time for the ROTC? General DECKER. We believe it is; it is based on the estimate of how many additional students will enroll this year in the ROTCMr. MAHON. I would like to have it used for that purpose. DEPARTMENTAL SALARIES In the departmental salaries we have a request for an increase of $7,000,000. That is to cover the increase in civilian personnel required in the Headquarters, Department of the Army, and by the chiefs of the technical services as a result of this expansion of the Army. General DECKER. Mr. Chairman and members of the committee, the estimate before you for salaries, Department of the Army, amounts to $7,112,000. This amount will provide for an additional 1,924 manyears of employment to meet the present emergency and represents a 15.5 percent increase over the amount reported by the Senate committee for the regular 1951 budget. The departmental strength of the Army has been reduced since June 30, 1949, by 1,608 employees. All of this reduction occurred in fiscal year 1950, which has just ended, and has left the technical and administrative services in the position of not being able to meet normal workloads, much less meet new requirements as a result of the present emergency. Consequently, heavy backlogs have developed and overtime costs have increased to meet normal operations. As a result of the present emergency, the workload in all of the departmental agencies has increased in large percentages and will continue to increase in order to meet the demands of an expanded Army and the Korean operation. The $7,112,000 requested in this budget together with the amount reported by the Senate committee on the regular 1951 requirements, gives a total for fiscal year 1951 of $52,979,000. This amount will provid 13,518 man-years of employment as compared with 13,853 in fiscal year 1949 and 12,040 in fiscal year 1950. This supplemental estimate has been thoroughly screened and reduced by the Department to a level which is believed adequate to meet the present emergency with efficiency and economy in over-all departmental operations. It is recommended that the amount requested be approved by the committee. Statements in support of each departmental salary request have been supplied for the record, and detailed justifications are set forth in the estimates of each agency. (The statements referred to are as follows:) STATEMENT OF W. J. WOODS, FOR THE OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF STAFF, ON THE EXPANDED ARMY, FISCAL YEAR 1951 OFFICE OF CHIEF OF STAFF The Office of the Chief of Staff requested the apropriation of $6,710,093 to support 1,656 man-years of employment for the fiscal year 1951, of this amount $6,576,293 was reported by the Senate Appropriations Committee to provide 1,623 man-years of employment. The amount of $6,576,293 is scarcely sufficient to support the normal programs of the Office of the Chief of Staff as they existed prior to the outbreak of hostilities in Korea. The use of United States armed forces in Korea, together with the logistical and intelligence support, brought about immediate and substantial increase in the workload of the entire General Staff. In order to meet this emergency 300 positions, at a cost of $1,022,160, are required. The anticipated augmentation of the existing staff by these 300 positions, as scheduled, will require 240 manyears of employment. It is anticipated that of this amount $39,484 will be required for overtime in the Office of the Chief of Staff. The use of this sum for paid overtime will avoid the necessity to staff for peak work loads and thereby permit substantial savings. The workload from July 1 through July 15, 1950, in various subdivisions of the Office of the Chief of Staff increased as follows: Office, Chief of Staff: Secretariat_____. Staff Administrative Office_-_. Office of the Chief of Information_. Office of the Chief of Legislative Liaison_ Office of the Comptroller of the Army. Office of the Assistant Chief of Staff, G-1, personnel_ Workload increase (percent) 15 20 30 32.8 10 1 35 59 25 40 3 3.7 Every precaution has been taken to avoid excessive staffing; therefore, this request represents the minimum requirements to meet the needs of these divisions at this time. OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL The Office of the Inspector General requested the appropriation of $208,041 to provide 56 man-years of employment in fiscal year 1951. Of this amount, $203,880 was reported by the Senate Appropriations Committee to provide 55 man-years of employment. This amount is required to support the normal activities of the Office of the Inspector General. The expansion of the Army incident to the Korean hostilities necessitates a substantial increase in the number of inspections and investigations made by this agency and by inspectors general in the commands, reports of which are reviewed by the Office of the Inspector General. This increased workload neces |