in seven widely separated buildings. Three buildings are chapels; one, a Catholic chapel, privately owned; two, a post chapel; and three, a World War II frame chapel which will be demolished. Four other buildings are used for religious educational activities. Two buildings will be demolished and two (which were constructed as storage buildings) will be diverted to other purposes. Overcrowding of chapels presents a fire and health hazard. Three of seven religious facilities. now in use will be demolished, two will be diverted for other essential requirements, and two will be retained.

The seventh item is for automatic boiler controls at a cost of $45,000. Project is necessary to correct a dangerous condition existing in U.S. Disciplinary Barracks heating plant. The present safety devices consist of a high-pressure relief valve and an automatic gas cutoff upon loss of gas pressure. This does not meet safety requirements. The addition of automatic control for flameout, lower water cutoff, purging, low and high gas pressure cutoff, and high pressure steam cutoff is considered to be the minimum for the safeguarding of human life and protection of Government property against explosion.

The eighth and last item is for a 1-million-gallon concrete water storage tank at a cost of $179,000. It is required to provide adequate domestic water and fire protection for the increased construction on this post. This need is now inadequately met by a 4-million-gallonper-day water treatment plant with provisions for storage of 1,300,000 gallons. Under present conditions, a mechanical failure, loss of power, or a large fire during peak demands could drain our entire system in as little as 3 hours' time, leaving Fort Leavenworth without fire protection or potable water for domestic use. Present facilities must be retained to provide essential requirements.

Chairman RUSSELL. Are there any further questions at this time for the general?

If the situation on the floor will permit, we will reconvene at 2 o'clock this afternoon.

General, we will try to stay in touch with you. If it appears we can't reconvene, if there is a series of votes, I will ask the staff to notify

you.

But I will ask the members of the committee to try to be available at 2 o'clock if they can.

General SHULER. We will stay here, sir, and find out whether you still want us or not. Thank you.

(Whereupon, at 11:55 a.m., the hearing was recessed to reconvene at 2 p.m. of the same day.)

AFTERNOON SESSION

(Present: Senators Russell, Thurmond, Cannon, Inouye, Smith and Beall.)

Chairman RUSSELL. General Shuler, I have a letter here from Senator Carlson of Kansas, in which he expresses some concern about the limitations on the military reservation area at Fort Riley.

Has the Army made a detailed survey as to the need for additiona! land for Fort Riley?

STATEMENT OF MAJ. GEN. WILLIAM R. SHULER; ACCOMPANIED BY COL. D. H. RICHARDS; R. B. FOSTER; AND W. J. ELLENBERGER— Resumed

General SHULER. Yes, Mr. Chairman, we have.

Chairman RUSSELL. What is the status of the study?

General SHULER. Sir, we feel that we need an additional 50,000 acres at Fort Riley in order to properly train the division that is stationed here, the 1st Division. The difficulty is that we do not have nearly enough land on which to fire all the weapons of the division or on which to maneuver or train properly.

Chairman RUSSELL. How much land is there in the reservation at Fort Riley?

General SHULER. We have now, sir, 51,105 acres of which about 5,500 acres includes the buildings and space that we can't utilize for training.

Chairman RUSSELL. What reason, if any, was assigned when this request was turned down after the review in the Pentagon?

General SHULER. It was turned down without prejudice, sir, as far as I know in the Pentagon against the background of the total budget. There was no denial of the need, no question of the need for it.

Chairman RUSSELL. Has the study progressed to the detailed stage of determining what would be the most feasible expansion?

General SHULER. Yes, sir. We know exactly what land we need, and as a matter of fact, Mr. Chairman, we intend to try to program it in fiscal year 1965 program.

Chairman RUSSELL. So it has a relatively high priority as far as the Department of the Army is concerned?

General SHULER. Yes, sir; it does.

Chairman RUSSELL. Will you give us a brief statement as to why this extra 50,000 acres are so important to the successful operation of Fort Riley, both as to man-hours and transportation costs?

General SHULER. As I said before, Mr. Chairman, we cannot fire the weapons, all the weapons of the 1st Division, we cannot maneuver and train properly. This comes about because up until 1961 the 1st Division was a training division, that is it had the mission of training basic trainees, and at that time they were relieved of this mission and it became a full-fledged combat division. It is now a STRAC division and an extremely important one.

So it is just a question, sir, of heretofore they could get along with the lesser land because they were really a training division training these recruits and since that mission is now taken away from them and they are a full-fledged combat division they have to have an area to fire all their weapons and it is not possible in this small area.

Chairman RUSSELL. Where do you have to move that division now if the men are to participate in field maneuvers on the division level? General SHULER. Mr. Chairman, they go out to Camp Irwin, Calif., which is quite a distance to fire tank weapons, and they did participate in swift strike maneuvers so it is quite a distance from the central part of the United States, either from the east coast or west coast for them to go and this is quite expensive.

Chairman RUSSELL. If you don't have it available, you can furnish it for the record what it costs to move the division out to the west coast and back to Fort Riley.

General SHULER. I believe, Mr. Chairman, if I would have permission to furnish it for the record, I do not have accurate figures available right at the moment.

Chairman RUSSELL. All right.

(The information referred to follows:)

Justification for the Fort Riley land acquisition stems from the inadequacy of available space for combined arms training, with or without live weapons firing. The available area of 24,000 acres is considered submarginal for the present organization of the 1st Infantry Division and will preclude adequate field training exercises for the new division organization (ROAD).

Movement of the entire division with organic equipment to an adequate training area has been considered as an interim measure; however, the direct transportation cost for such a move would be approximately $3,150 per mile. To move the division to Fort Hood and return would cost approximately $4.4 million. Transportation to Fort Irwin and return would cost approximately $8.2 million. To attain a minimum state of combat readiness movement of the whole division for live fire training would be required at least twice a year. On the basis of two division movements to Fort Irwin, the annual transportation costs would approximate $16 million.

Because of the prohibitive movement costs, the division armored units are moved to Fort Irwin, Calif., without organic tanks, for annual tank firing at a yearly cost of $137,000. This annual firing trip will continue to be necessary even after the proposed land acquisition. With the additional area the armored elements will be better able to maneuver with other elements at the home station, thereby increasing the benefit of combined arms exercises. Field artillery units with organic equipment are moved to Fort Sill, Okla., and antitank elements, less organic equipment, are moved to Fort Stewart, Ga., to undergo periodic live firing training. These moves, costing about $29,000 annually will be saved by the acquisition.

FORT RILEY, KANS.

General SHULER. Now I will take up the items programed for Fort Riley this year. Fort Riley, Kans., is responsible for command, training, and logistical support of the 1st Infantry Division and other combat and combat-supported units as well as support for Reserve components summer training. The program includes two items for this station, the first of which is for an enlisted women's barracks with mess at a cost of $291,000. WAC personnel are presently housed in mobilization-type buildings designed to fulfill a 5-year need in 1943. These buildings have received only minor maintenance during the ensuing years and cannot be retained for continuing permanent use without major renovation and rehabilitation work. The four buildings currently occupied by the Women's Army Corps personnel will be razed as construction progresses.

The second item is for a chapel with religious educational facilities at a cost of $575,000. It will be located in the Custer Hill area and is required to serve both military personnel and their dependents. There are three existing permanent chapels of 160-, 300-, and 350-seat capacity on the installation one of which (300 seats) is located in the Custer Hill area. There are no permanent religious educational facilities on the post and the one existing 300-seat chapel in the Custer Hill area cannot accommodate the total number of personnel now requiring chapel facilities in this area. The six temporary chapels in the Camp Funston and Camp Forsyth area (8 miles from Custer Hill) will be demolished.

FORT LEONARD WOOD, MO.

Fort Leonard Wood, Mo., is responsible for command, training, and logistical support of a major recruit training center, nondivisional units, and support of Reserve components summer training. The program includes four items at this installation, the first of which is for a regimental gymnasium and four battalion headquarters and classroom buildings at a cost of $1,109,000. The proposed gymnasium and the four battalion headquarters and classroom buildings will complete the facilities required in the first regimental area. All other facilities required in support of the 10 permanent barracks in the first regimental area exist or are under construction.

Mobilization-type buildings which were constructed in 1940-41 have been razed from the entire first regimental area to provide a site for the permanent construction; thus, there are no temporary buildings remaining in the permanent construction area. Other temporary facilities on the post are fully utilized by troops housed nearby and are located too far from the permanent barracks area to be of value for the troops housed therein.

The second item is for a signal field maintenance shop at a cost of $239,000. This activity is currently housed in two temporary buildings having a combined area of 5,698 square feet, one being a motor pool storage building and the other an old motor pool garage. These buildings are unsuited for signal maintenance work, require an inefficient split operation, and are expensive to maintain. Due to crowded conditions items awaiting repair must often be stacked in aisles and other places creating a safety hazard and reducing the effectiveness of the shop operation. The two existing temporary buildings will be demolished.

The third item is for a dental clinic at a cost of $504,000. It will replace an existing temporary 26-chair dental clinic which must be demolished prior to July 1964 to permit completion of the new U.S. Army hospital currently under construction. If the proposed construction is not accomplished, the Dental Service will be required to operate on a double shift using facilities currently overloaded, outmoded, and requiring extensive maintenance.

The fourth item is a five enlisted mens barracks complex at a cost of $7,139,000. The following facilities are included: five 326-man enlisted mens barracks, two 5-company mess buildings, two 5-company administration and storage buildings, four battalion headquarters and classroom buildings, a regimental gym, regimental dispensary, regimental headquarters building, post exchange, chapel, and an additional boiler in the existing central heating plant. This item is required to provide permanent-type housing and support facilities for troops at this installation that now occupy unimproved World War II buildings. It will complete the second permanent regimental area at this installation. This need is presently being met by temporary structures built in 1941 which have served beyond their intended life. They are expensive to maintain and difficult to heat or cool. Construction of this complex will permit demolition of 94 temporary buildings totaling 601,000 square feet.

I will now present the projects proposed in the 6th Army area.

SIXTH ARMY AREA

FORT IRWIN, CALIF.

Mr. Chairman, there are five projects at Fort Irwin which are listed on pages 184 and 185 of our justification books.

The first item is a 25-point known distance rifle range, $110,000, for training permanently stationed personnel in rifle marksmanship, for use by the rifle teams at this installation and for the yearly proficiency firing required of all military personnel. Present need is met by a rifle range constructed in 1942 to minimum standards. Much of this range was constructed with wood. It will soon reach the point where replacement is required to meet safety requirements of the personnel operating the targets. This project should not be deferred to a later program as the present range now poses a hazard to the newly constructed housing located just off to the right of the impact area in back of the target buts. Upon completion of the proposed new range, the present range will be demolished.

The next project is for tank firing ranges including two moving target systems. The cost is $174,000. It includes latrines, a target shed, a range office and prefabricated mess buildings.

These ranges are required to provide training and to test proficiency of tank crews in field firing of the heavy armament of their tanks. The present facility does not meet the minimum requirements for safety nor is it easily maintained. The new ranges will be operated remotely so as not to require personnel in the impact zone. The proposed ranges will be built in the present range area and replaced structures will be demolished.

The third item will provide a standard 326-man barracks of reinforced concrete construction at a cost of $640,000.

These barracks are required to provide living quarters for the permanent station complement. The lack of adequate barracks adversely affects the morale and health of the individuals concerned and has intangible adverse effect on mission of the installation. Upon occupancy of the new buildings, the ones vacated will be retained for use by transient troops who use this installation for training in firing of tank armament.

The next project is for permanent quarters for 60 bachelor officers at a cost of $490,000. There is a requirement to house 92 bachelor officers and the existing permanent bachelor officer quarters assets are 12. Fort Irwin is 37 miles from the nearest civilian community, Barstow, Calif.; therefore, it is necessary to provide permanent facilities on the post.

The last item at Fort Irwin is an auditorium with stage $306,000. A permanent structure is required to replace the existing temporary auditorium which is not large enough for this base. Adequate welfare and morale facilities are urgently required due to the remoteness of this installation. The temporary auditorium will be demolished.

FORT LEWIS, WASH.

On page 192, Mr. Chairman, is a description of the one item at Fort Lewis, water supply facilities. Fort Lewis has the mission of supporting the 4th Infantry Division, nondivisional units and reserve components summer training.