The Structure of Individual PsychotherapyUnderlying numerous psychotherapeutic techniques are principles guiding the evolution of the therapeutic relationship, the identification of maladaptive patterns, and the process of change. These principles form the structure of individual psychotherapy. Dr. Beitman calls these stages engagement, pattern search, change and termination. Each stage has a common structure: specific goals, characteristic content, basic techniques, and predictable distortions. Within this structure he defines the unique contributions of many different psychotherapeutic approaches. The book makes a valuable contribution to the growing movement toward psychotherapy integration. |
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Contents
INTRODUCTION | 1 |
Theories of Psychopathology as Ideological Distortions | 3 |
The Search for Common Factors | 4 |
The Hyphenated Eclectics | 5 |
The Systematic Eclectics | 6 |
Psychotherapy Research | 11 |
The Limits of Psychotherapeutic Knowledge | 14 |
THE STAGES OF INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOTHERAPY | 16 |
Change as Engagement | 176 |
Outside Influences on Change | 177 |
The Stages of Change | 179 |
Specifying the Patterns to Be Changed | 182 |
Responsibility Awareness | 183 |
The Abyss | 187 |
Practice | 190 |
CHANGE TECHNIQUES AND THE SUBSTAGES OF CHANGE | 193 |
The Intent of This Book | 19 |
Introductory Principles for the Psychotherapy Stages | 20 |
The Structure of Each Stage | 25 |
The Problem of Theories of Psychopathology | 28 |
Other Limitations of This Stage Concept | 33 |
Stages as a Frame for Understanding Therapy Process | 34 |
Stages as a Way to Characterize the Different Forms of Therapy | 36 |
Stages as MiniOutcomes | 38 |
The Study of Practitioners | 39 |
Supervision | 40 |
ENGAGEMENT | 43 |
Engagement Methods | 48 |
Engagement Content | 62 |
The Therapists Decisions Regarding Engagement | 64 |
Engagement Distortions | 71 |
PATTERNSEARCH CONTEXT | 82 |
Visual Data Filters | 85 |
Background Variable | 96 |
The PersonintheEnvironment | 100 |
The Arbitrary Relationship between Signifier and Signified | 111 |
Homeostasis and DeciationAmplifying Feedback | 113 |
PATTERNSEARCH METHODS | 115 |
Questionnaires | 116 |
Listening | 117 |
Questions | 122 |
Linking Content to Interventions | 125 |
Linking Methods and Content to Visual Data Filters | 138 |
RESISTANCE TO PATTERN IDENTIFICATION | 140 |
General Resistance to Pattern Identification | 141 |
PatternSearch Transference | 149 |
PatternSearch Countertransference | 163 |
PROCESS OF CHANGE | 170 |
General Considerations | 173 |
Specific Techniques Applicable to Each of the Three Substages | 195 |
Specific Approaches to Relinquishing Old Patterns | 208 |
Specific Approaches to the Initiation of Change | 213 |
Specific Approaches to Practice | 217 |
Change Processes in a Case of Agoraphobia | 218 |
CHANGE THERAPIST LESSONS | 222 |
Teaching Mechanisms | 223 |
What Do Therapists Teach? | 225 |
RESISTANCE TO CHANGE | 239 |
Responses to Change Resistances | 243 |
Transference Reactions to Change | 247 |
Countertransference to Change | 252 |
Using Countertransference in Change | 255 |
The Patients Positive Influence on the Therapist | 258 |
TERMINATION | 261 |
The Goals of Termination | 263 |
Methods of Termination | 264 |
The Content of Termination | 270 |
Resistance to Termination | 275 |
Transference Reactions to Termination | 277 |
Countertransference Reactions to Termination | 279 |
TranferenceCountertransference Spirals During Termination | 283 |
Mutually Beneficial Termination Spirals | 284 |
Termination without Ending | 285 |
AFTER TERMINATION | 292 |
Maintenance Variables | 299 |
REFLECTIONS | 304 |
My Own Style of Therapy | 306 |
The Future of Psychotherapy | 307 |
309 | |
323 | |
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Common terms and phrases
able accept agoraphobia alternatives analysis anger appear approach asked attempt basic become behavior therapy Beitman believe bondage fantasies clients clinical cognitive therapy concepts confronted countertransference deeply define depression described desire developed difficulty distortions dream drug eclecticism effective emotional empathic engagement example experience fantasies father fear feelings felt Freud functioning Gestalt therapy homeostasis husband individual psychotherapy influence interaction interpersonal interpersonal relationships interpretation intrapsychic intrapsychic conflict limited listen loss maladaptive marriage medications Milton Erickson mother outcome panic attacks panic disorder parents patient pattern-search patterns person pists practice problems Psychiatry psycho psychoanalytic psychodynamic psychological psychotherapeutic psychotherapy research questions reactions resistance responses RESPONSIBILITY ASSUMPTION role schizophrenia schools self-observer session sexual social specific stages substages suggested suicide symptoms techniques termination theory ther therapeutic relationship therapist thoughts tient tion transference treatment unconscious understanding values variables wife woman Yalom York