The commerce of the county is commen to the CUBFIN? tie and carried on through the poruso”i murtung

ter Bay, and Cold Spring Dreamer jr. DOW

and Flushing, Gier's cove, all. Iuchawe

STAPLE PRODUCTIONE. Gori, cat DULE*** WO

and flowers.

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To this order the peopH o Lue strance. Gov. Stuyvesau measures, infucting bear lu severe corporea, puusunen ker faith, as well as upor a win Some thirteen or iouriers. pe made to feel the wegn varjutanut One of the sufierer av tallicher the rest, in the avows of use: ernor, a prisoner in enamë from confinement aut se baci i la Vice NGK Coluptalar and made the bearer of a setter from the company to be poise

cuting Governor, which, for the noble sentiments, in regard to religious liberty, which it avows, deserves to be written in letters of gold.

But the intolerant spirit of the Dutch governor did not stop here. The Lutherans also fell under the ban of his displeasure, and he banished them from the colony.

This bigotry did much toward rendering the people dissatisfied with the sway of the director, and but for the incursion of the English, in 1664, they world, in all probabilty, have thrown off their allegiance, by a civil revolution. In the exchange of masters, however, there was little else than an exchange of tyrants. Religious intolerance still prevailed, under a new form.

In 1702, Lord Cornbury, having taken refuge in Jamaica, from yellow fever, (at that time epidemic in New York city), occupied the residence of Rev. Mr. Hubbard, the Presbyterian minister of the place, which was courteously tendered him, by its occupant, as the best dwelling in the village.

With characteristic ingratitude, he dispossessed this clergyman of his pulpit, in which he placed an Episcopal minister, whom, on his return to New York city, he ordered to occupy Mr. Hubbard's parsonage. Twenty-six years elapsed, before the Presbyterians were able to recover possession of their church edifice.

In 1707, Lord Cornbury imprisoned two Presbyterian clergymen, in this county, for preaching without his license, and finally liberated them, on the payment of a fine of $500.

During the Revolution, a majority of the inhabitants of this county took the oath of allegiance to Great Britain. British troops were stationed in different portions of the county, and the people were obliged to furnish them with large quantities of wood and provisions.

There were many, however, whose hearts beat with true loyalty to the cause of their country, and who rejoiced, when she succeeded in throwing off the yoke of foreign oppression.

It was rather, perhaps, the misfortune than the fault of the people of this county, that, exposed as they were, without defence, to the hostile power of the enemy, they yielded to a force they could not oppose.

Yet this was made a subject of reproach to them, and in 1784, a tax of £100,000 was levied upon the southern district, to be appropriated, as a compensation, to the other parts of the state, on account of their not having been able to take an active part in the war; and Queens county, in addition to her severe losses from the British, was obliged to atone for her own misfortunes.

VILLAGES. NORTH HEMPSTEAD, the seat of justice for the county, is situated near the southern boundary of the town of the same name. It is an inconsiderable village, and was selected for the county seat, from its being the geographical centre of the county.

Flushing village, in the town of Flushing, situated at the head of the bay of the same name, is one of the most beautiful villages in the state. It is a favorite summer residence of merchants

and others, from the city of New York, and has many noble villas and country seats. Population 2500.

Its schools are highly celebrated. St. Ann's Hall, a female seminary of a high order, St. Thomas Hall, and St. Paul's college, about three miles from the village, a collegiate school for boys, are among the most distinguished. These schools are under the direction of the Episcopalians. The Friends have also a flourishing seminary, and there are several well conducted select schools.

The nurseries and botanic gardens here, have long held the first rank in our country. The Linnean Botanic garden was established, by Mr. Prince, in 1750, and still maintains a high reputation, while the new nursery of the Messrs. Prince, the Bloodgood nursery, the Commercial garden and nursery, and the Floral and Pomological nursery, contend with it for the paim. In this town is still standing the Bowne mansion, where the celebrated George Fox, the apostle of the Friends, spent much of his time. Near it stands the ancient and venerable oak, under the canopy of which he proclaimed his views, with an eloquence which won many hearts.

Jamaica village, in the town of that name, is situated on the line of the Long Island railroad, twelve miles east from the city of Brooklyn. It is a beautiful village, with many facilities for intercourse with the adjacent towns. The railroad company have here a large manufactory, for the construction and repair of their cars. It also contains Union Hall academy, an old and flourishing institution, a female seminary of some reputation, and several select schools. The Union race course is within the limits of this town. Population about 2000.

Hempstead village is delightfully situated, on the southern margin of the great Hempstead plain, in the town of the same name. For beauty and salubrity, it has few equals. The Hempstead seminary has a fine and costly edifice, and is in a flourishing condition. The village is a favorite summer resort. Population about 1800.

There are several other villages in the town. Rockaway beach, or Far Rockaway, is a headland projecting from the southern shore of the town, on which the restless surges of the ocean beat, with ceaseless vehemence.

Near Rockaway is a pleasant and thriving little village. Near the Methodist church, stands a marble monument erected to the memory of 139 unfortunate emigrants, whose bodies were washed ashore from the wrecks of the ships Bristol and Mexico, in the winter of 1836-7. In these two melancholy shipwrecks 215 persons were lost.

Newtown, Astoria, Oyster Bay, Glen Core, and Norwich, are villages of some importance. Lloyd's neck belongs to the town of Oyster Bay.

Rivers. a. Connecticut creek. b. Nissiquogue River. c. Sampawan's
creek. d. Conesqua River. v. Peconic.

Bays, &c. E. Atlantic Ocean. D. Long Island Sound. f. Great
South Bay. e. Great Peconic. g. Gardiner's. j. Smithtown. m.
Huntington's. n. Shinecock.

Ponds. h. Ronkonkama.

o. Great West.

Islands, &c. q. Fisher's. r. Gardiner's. s. Robbins'. t. Plumb. u. Shelter. p. Montauk point.

Villages. RIVERHEAD. Sag Harbor. Greenport.

BOUNDARIES. North by Long Island Sound; East and South by the Atlantic Ocean; and West by Queens county.

SURFACE. Toward the northern shore, the surface is hilly and broken. The southern portion is level and sandy. There are no hills of considerable altitude in the county. The Great Peconic bay, extending nearly into the centre of the county, divides it into two peninsulas.

RIVERS. The county is not well watered. The Peconic, Connecticut, Nissiquogue,'Sampawan's and Conesqua rivers are the rincipal.

BAYS, &C. The Atiantar Gear wastes i soutlet aut eastern shores, and Long istand sound no other. ÎN DIGE considerable baye are Hung Smutnow. Geur Great Peconic, tunecock Great West au Great Souti vera PONDS. Ronkonkana pont les at the jurina the wwin of Islip, Smithtown and BrookhavEL

ISLANDS. Sheter. Gardmer & Fisher's Rooms Puma aut the Gull islands on the coast being at the county

CLIMATE Similar to that of the isnt enterals. The prevailing winds are from the sourves atves

all times moist, and the out of wine » arconçalet & gree of chilliness, which rendere unquam. Ir ngen of its inhabitants is greater however that tray wi portion of the state.

GEOLOGY AND MINERALS. The geongea fonation of the county does not difer from that of the war couines of the island.

It is a dispuned pont, whether the fomaten of the wae const or not. That of the southetta; portes, i una sumedr «, cu te stanzera and gneiss boulders moeddes in the sui vous marcas las le motion might be also.

It is the opinion of many emmett georgste for for merturns serie island once formed a part of the cour of (omestica am for I wa the main, either by the force of the wave or te wine constant ✅ HO Hematite, iron parnes ligne y suas for BALINĘ PUTKE KAP netic iron sand and garnet are the principa muISTOR

SOIL AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTION Putuou of the voi this county are barren wares of sand poung inte nog pitch pine timber. Other portions of the wout composed of sand dunes, or sai tiwa d eau sustenance to any vegetatie, except at wa-ra vuf ď CUCT OF grass. There are large tracte, however ɗ un om saat which, manured with ashes Beaweed aut the ferizing a bonker, or whitefies peit anpie cruje u pojes the restor man for his toil

The timber of the county is chiefy pro pre car brown sons and locust. The bay berry or was myte abounds n Kvetinat

PURSUITS. Agriculture is the pursue of a neten habitants. The preparation of runner aut must for arous occupies considerable attention though we tum krner TY

Corn and oats are raised to some extent a the county, there are extensive Gre

The fisheries also afford empire weanin ants. The whale fishery is exeusten posust kun bu Harbor and Greenport. A comderaue numeru veta employed in the codfaberies, aut Butler Du eine ke coast fisheries. The entire amour of ang ulas district, in 1845. was 28,348 toe