(4) The stimulation of necessary additional production by premium payments shall place emphasis upon avoiding either economic dislocations or adverse effects upon established business.

(5) New type materials to which premium payments are applied shall be tested for sound quality.

(c) Not more than $15,000,000 of the funds made available under this section may be used to the extent that other funds are unavailable for the construction of access roads to standing timber on lands owned by or under the jurisdiction of an agency of Government.

SEC. 12. (a) The powers vested in the Reconstruction Finance Corporation pursuant to clause (a) of section 5d (3) of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation Act, as amended (15 U. S. C. 606b (3)), may be used to underwrite or guarantee markets for new type building materials and prefabricated houses, but only to the extent that the Housing Expediter finds this necessary to assure a sufficient supply for the veterans' emergency housing program: Provided, That the number of prefabricated houses covered by outstanding underwriting or guaranty (including such houses as may be held by the Housing Expediter) shall at no time during the program exceed two hundred thousand.

(b) The following standards shall be applied by the Housing Expediter to such underwriting or guaranty:

(1) To avoid impairment of established enterprises, new type materials and prefabricated houses shall be encouraged only to supplement such expanded production of conventional type materials and houses (with access to available materials) as can be achieved with sufficient rapidity and economy.

(2) There shall be reasonable prospect of either (A) full return to the Government of any funds involved in such underwriting or guaranty, or (B) net cost to the Government substantially lower than under any other available method of achieving the necessary expansion of production. Toward this end, the underwriting or guaranty of such materials or houses shall not be for more than 90 per centum of the producers' standard delivery price. The Housing Expediter shall maintain constant review of experience toward the objective that the total net costs to the Government shall in no event exceed 5 per centum of the total amount of underwriting or guaranty undertaken.

(3) There shall be clear evidence that the new type materials or prefabricated houses require underwriting or guaranty only temporarily until they attain general market acceptability.

(4) Emphasis shall be placed upon avoiding either economic dislocations or adverse effects upon established business.

(5) New type materials and prefabricated houses shall be tested for sound quality and (in the case of such houses) for durability, livability, and safety.

(6) Any underwriting or guaranty shall require adequate showing by the producer that he has sufficient working capital and experience, and that he can achieve the desired production on time under conditions satisfactory to the Housing Expediter.

SEC. 13. If any provision of this Act or the application of such provision to any person or circumstances shall be held invalid, the validity of the remainder of the Act and the applicability of such provision to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected thereby.

Approved May 22, 1946.

57-272 O-66-13

[PUBLIC LAW 452-79TH CONGRESS]

[CHAPTER 498-2D SESSION]

[H. R. 5796]

AN ACT

To amend title II of the Act entitled "An Act to expedite the provision of housing in connection with national defense, and for other purposes", approved October 14, 1940, as amended, to permit the making of contributions, during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1947, for the maintenance and operation of certain school facilities, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That title II of the Act entitled "An Act to expedite the provision of housing in connection with national defense, and for other purposes", approved October 14, 1940, as amended, is amended by adding at the end thereof the following section:

"SEC. 205. In order to enable school authorities that are still overburdened with war-incurred school enrollments to meet their needs during the transition from war to peacetime conditions, the Federal Works Administrator is authorized to continue to make, during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1947, contributions for the operation and maintenance of school facilities to (a) local school agencies requiring assistance that have received during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1946, contributions under this Act for the maintenance and operation of their school facilities; and (b) local school agencies requiring assistance that may be subject to a loss of tax revenues because of the acquisition or ownership of land by the United States. Contributions under this section may be made without regard to sections 202 and 301 of this Act and to the provisions in any appropriation Act heretofore enacted appropriating funds to carry out the functions vested in the Federal Works Administrator by title II and title III of this Act which may conflict with the purpose of this section, and such contributions may be made notwithstanding the declaration by the President that any existing emergency has ceased to exist. Appropriations and existing appropriations heretofore authorized to carry out the purposes of titles II and III of this Act are hereby authorized to carry out the purposes of this section."

Approved June 26, 1946.

(182)

[PUBLIC LAW 480-79TH CONGRESS]

[CHAPTER 531-2D SESSION]

[S. 2341]

AN ACT

To amend the National Housing Act, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That section 203 (a) of the National Housing Act, as amended, is hereby amended by striking out the second and third provisos and by striking out the colon at the end of the first proviso and inserting in lieu thereof a period.

Approved July 1, 1946.

(183)

[PUBLIC LAW 592-79TH CONGRESS]

[CHAPTER 736-2D SESSION]

(S. 1426]

AN ACT

To provide for the replanning and rebuilding of slum, blighted, and other areas of the District of Columbia and the assembly, by purchase or condemnation, of real property in such areas and the sale or lease thereof for the redevelopment of such area in accordance with said plans; and to provide for the organization of, procedure for, and the financing of such planning, acquisition, and sale or lease; and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That this Act may be cited as the "District of Columbia Redevelopment Act of 1945”.

GENERAL PURPOSES

SEC. 2. It is hereby declared to be a matter of legislative determination that owing to technological and sociological changes, obsolete lay-out, and other factors, conditions existing in the District of Columbia with respect to substandard housing and blighted areas, including the use of buildings in alleys as dwellings for human habi tation, are injurious to the public health, safety, morals, and welfare, and it is hereby declared to be the policy of the United States to protect and promote the welfare of the inhabitants of the seat of the Government by eliminating all such injurious conditions by employing all means necessary and appropriate for the purpose; and control by regulatory processes having proved inadequate and insufficient to remedy the evils, it is in the judgment of Congress necessary to acquire property in the District of Columbia by gift, purchase, or the use of eminent domain to effectuate the declared policy by the discontinuance of the use for human habitation in the District of Columbia of substandard dwellings and of buildings in alleys and blighted areas, and thereby to eliminate the substandard housing conditions and the communities in the inhabited alleys and blighted areas in such District; and it is necessary to modernize the planning and development of such portions of such District. The Congress finds that the foregoing cannot be accomplished by the ordinary operations of private enterprise alone with.out public participation in the planning and in the financing of land assembly for such development; and that for the economic soundness of this redevelopment and the accomplishment of the necessary social and economic benefits, and by reason of the close relationships between the development and uses of any part of an urban area with the development and uses of all other parts the sound replanning and redevelopment of an obsolescent or obsolescing portion of such District cannot be accomplished unless it be done in the light of comprehensive and coordinated planning of the whole of the territory of the District of Columbia and its environs; and that this comprehensive planning and replanning should proceed vigorously without delay; and to these ends it is necessary to enact the provisions hereinafter set forth; and that the

acquisition and the assembly of real property and the leasing or sale thereof for redevelopment pursuant to a project area redevelopment plan, all as provided in this Act, is hereby declared to be a public use.

DEFINITIONS

SEC. 3. The following terms, whenever used or referred to in this Act, shall, for the purposes of this Act and unless a different intent clearly appears from the context, be construed as follows:

(a) The term "Agency" means the District of Columbia Redevelopment Land Agency established by section 4 of this Act.

(b) "District Commissioners" means the Board of Commissioners of the District of Columbia.

(c) "Housing" includes housing, dwelling, habitation, and residence.

(d) "Housing project" means any low-rent housing (as defined in the United States Housing Act of 1937, U. S. C., title 42, ch. 8), the development or administration of which is assisted by the United States Housing Authority.

(e) "Land" includes bare or vacant land, or the land under buildings, structures, or other improvements; also water and land under water. When employed in connection with "use", as for instance, "use of land" or "land use", "land" also includes buildings, structures, and improvements existing or to be placed thereon.

(f) "Low-rent housing" means safe and sanitary housing within the financial reach of families of comparatively low income and, as a guide for the standard of rental to be used as a maximum at the time of the enactment of this law but not necessarily thereafter, it is specified that such housing shall be rented at not more than $13 per room per month, excluding utilities.

(g) "Lessee" includes the successors or assigns and successors in title of any lessee.

(h) "Planning Commission" means the National Capital Park and Planning Commission.

(i) "Proceeds" means the money proceeds of sales or transfers by the Agency; and "net proceeds" means the gross proceeds after deducting commissions or other expenses of the sales or transfers.

(j) "Project area" is an area of such extent and location as may be adopted by the Planning Commission and approved by the District Commissioners after public hearing as an appropriate unit of redevelopment planning for a redevelopment project separate from the redevelopment projects for other parts of the District of Columbia. In the provisions of this Act relating to lease or sale by the Agency, for abbreviation "project area" is used for the remainder of the project area after taking out those pieces of property which in accordance with section 7 (a) of this Act shall have been or are to be transferred for public uses.

(k) "Public low-rent housing" means low-rent housing constructed by a public agency for families of low income, at rentals which (including the value or cost to tenants of heat, light, water, and cooking fuel) shall not exceed one-fifth of the highest net family income of families eligible for tenancy in such housing, as herein provided. The dwellings in public low-rent housing shall be available solely for such families of low income whose net family income does