as set forth in § 85.075-9 through 85.075-27 and measured and calculated in accordance with those procedures.

(b) (1) Fuel evaporative emissions shall not exceed:

(i) Hydrocarbons-2.0 grams per test. (2) The standard set forth in paragraph (b)(1) of this section refers to a composite sample of the fuel evaporative emissions collected under the conditions set forth in § 85.075-9 through § 85.07527 and measured in accordance with those procedures.

(c) No crankcase emissions shall be discharged into the ambient atmosphere from any new motor vehicle subject to this subpart. § 85.075-2

Application for certification.

(a) An application for a certificate of conformity to the regulations applicable to any new motor vehicle shall be made to the Administrator by the manufacturer and shall be kept current and accurate by amendment.

(b) The application shall be in writing, signed by an authorized representative of the manufacturer, and shall include the following:

(1) Identification and description of the vehicles covered by the application and a description of their emission control systems.

(2) Projected U.S. sales data sufficient to enable the Administrator to select a test fleet representative of the vehicles for which certification is requested.

(3) A description of the test equipment and fuel proposed to be used.

(4) A description of the proposed mileage accumulation procedure for durability testing.

(5) A statement of recommended maintenance and procedures necessary to assure that the vehicles covered by a certificate of conformity in operation conform to the regulations, and a description of the program for training of personnel for such maintenance, and the equipment required.

(6) At the option of the manufacturer, the proposed composition of the emission data and durability data test fleet.

§ 85.075-3 Approval of procedure and equipment; test fleet selections. Based upon the information provided in the application for certification, and any other information the Administrator may require, the Administrator will approve or disapprove in whole or in part

the mileage accumulation procedure and equipment and fuel proposed by the manufacturer, and notify him in writing of such determination. Where any part of a proposal is disapproved, such notification will specify the reasons for disapproval. The Administrator will select a test fleet in accordance with § 85.075-5. § 85.075-4 Required data.

The manufacturer shall perform the tests required by the applicable test procedures, and submit to the Administrator the following information:

(a) Durability data on such vehicles tested in accordance with the applicable test procedures of this subpart, and in such numbers as therein specified, which will show the performance of the systems installed on or incorporated in the vehicle for extended mileage, as well as a record of all pertinent maintenance performed on the test vehicles.

(b) Emission data on such vehicles tested in accordance with the applicable emission test procedures of this subpart and in such numbers as therein specified, which will show their emissions after zero miles and 4,000 miles of operation.

(c) A description of tests performed to ascertain compliance with the general standards in § 85.075-1 and the data derived from such tests.

(d) A statement that the test vehicles with respect to which data are submitted have been tested in accordance with the applicable test procedures, that they meet the requirement of such tests, and that, on the basis of such tests, they conform to the requirements of the regulations in this subpart. If such statements cannot be made with respect to any vehicle tested, the vehicle shall be identified, and all pertinent test data relating thereto shall be supplied.

§ 85.075-5 Test vehicles.

(a) (1) The vehicles covered by the application for certification will be divided into groupings of vehicles whose engines are expected to have similar emission characteristics. Each group of engines with similar emission characteristics shall be defined as a separate engine family.

(2) To be classed in the same engine family, engines must be identical in all the following respects:

(i) The cylinder bore center-to-center dimensions.

(ii) The dimension from the centerline of the crankshaft to the centerline of the camshaft.

(iii) The dimension from the centerline of the crankshaft to the top of the cylinder block head face.

(iv) The cylinder block configuration (air cooled or water cooled; L-6, 90° V-8, etc.).

(v) The location of intake and exhaust valves and the valve sizes (within a 1⁄2inch range on the valve head diameter). (vi) The method of air aspiration. (vii) The combustion cycle.

(3) Engines identical in all the respects listed in subparagraph (2) of this paragraph may be further divided into different engine families if the Administrator determines that they may be expected to have different emission characteristics. This determination will be based upon a consideration of the following features of each engine:

(i) The bore and stroke.

(ii) The surface-to-volume ratio of the nominally dimensioned cylinder at the top dead center position.

(iii) The intake manifold induction port size and configuration.

(iv) The exhaust manifold port size and configuration.

(v) The intake and exhaust valve sizes.

(vi) The fuel system.

(vii) The camshaft timing and ignition timing characteristics.

(4) Where engines are of a type which cannot be divided into engine families based upon the criteria listed in subparagraphs (2) and (3) of this paragraph, the Administrator will establish families for those engines based upon the features most related to their emission characteristics.

(b) Emission data vehicles:

(1) Vehicles will be chosen to be operated and tested for emission data based upon the engine family groupings. Within each engine family, the requirements of this paragraph must be met.

(2) Vehicles of each engine family will be divided into engine displacementexhaust emission control systemevaporative emission control system combinations. A projected sales volume will be established for each combination for the 1975 model year. One vehicle of each combination will be selected in order of decreasing projected sales volume until 70 percent of the projected sales of a manufacturer's total production of vehicles of that engine family is represented, or until a maximum of four vehicles is selected. If any single combination represents over 70 percent, then two

vehicles of that combination may be selected. The vehicle selected for each combination will be specified by the Administrator as to transmission type, fuel system, and inertia weight class.

(3) The Administrator may select a maximum of four additional vehicles within each engine family based upon features indicating that they may have the highest emission levels of the vehicles in that engine family. In selecting these vehicles, the Administrator will consider such features as the emission control system combination, induction system characteristics, ignition system characteristics, fuel system, rated horsepower, rated torque, compression ratio, inertia weight class, transmission options, and axle ratios.

(4) If the vehicles selected in accordance with subparagraphs (2) and (3) of this paragraph do not represent each engine-system combination, then one vehicle of each engine-system combination not represented will be selected by the Administrator. The vehicle selected shall be of the engine displacement with the largest projected sales volume of vehicles with the control system combination in the engine family and will be designated by the Administrator as to transmission type, fuel system, and inertia weight class.

(c) Durability data vehicles:

(1) A durability data vehicle will be selected by the Administrator to represent each engine-system combination. The vehicle selected shall be of the engine displacement with the largest projected sales volume of vehicles with that control-system combination in that engine family and will be designated by the Administrator as to transmission type, fuel system, and inertia weight class.

(2) A manufacturer may elect to operate and test additional vehicles to represent any engine-system combination. The additional vehicles must be of the same engine displacement, transmission type, fuel system, and inertia weight class as the vehicle selected for that engine-system combination in accordance with the provisions of subparagraph (1) of this paragraph. Notice of an intent to operate and test additional vehicles shall be given to the Administrator not later than 30 days following notification of the test fleet selection.

(d) For purposes of testing under § 85.073-7(g), the Administrator may require additional emission data vehicles and durability data vehicles identical in

all material respects to vehicles selected in accordance with paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section: Provided, That the number of vehicles selected shall not increase the size of either the emission data fleet or the durability data fleet by more than 20 percent or one vehicle, whichever is greater.

(e) Any manufacturer whose projected sales of new motor vehicles subject to this subpart for the 1975 model year is less than 2,000 vehicles may request a reduction in the number of test vehicles determined in accordance with the foregoing provisions of this section. The Administrator may agree to such lesser number as he determines would meet the objectives of this procedure.

(f) In lieu of testing an emission data or durability data vehicle selected under paragraph (b) or (c) of this section, and submitting data therefor, a manufacturer may, with the prior written approval of the Administrator, submit data on a similar vehicle for which certification has previously been obtained.

(g) (1) Where it is expected that more than 33 percent of an engine family will be equipped with an optional item, the full estimated weight of that item shall be included, if required by the Administrator, in the curb weight computation for each vehicle available with that option in the engine family. Where it is expected that 33 percent or less of the vehicles in an engine family will be equipped with an item of optional equipment, no weight for that item will be added in computing curb weight. In the case of mutually exclusive options, only the weight of the heavier option will be added in computing curb weight. Optional equipment weighing less than 2 pounds per item need not be considered.

(2) Where it is expected that more than 33 percent of an engine family may be equipped with an item of optional equipment that can reasonably be expected to influence emissions, then such items of optional equipment shall actually be installed, unless specifically excluded by the Administrator, on all emission data and durability vehicles in the engine family on which the option is intended to be offered in production. Optional equipment that can reasonably be expected to influence emissions are the air conditioner, power steering, power brakes and other items determined by the Administrator.

(3) Optional equipment that can reasonably be expected to influence emis

(a) (1) Scheduled maintenance on the engine, emission control system, and fuel system of durability vehicles shall be scheduled for performance during durability testing at the same mileage intervals that will be specified in the manufacturer's maintenance instructions furnished to the ultimate purchaser of the motor vehicle. Such maintenance shall be performed, except as provided in paragraph (a) (5) (iii) of this section, only under the following provisions: (i) Scheduled major engine tuneups to manufacturer's specifications may be performed no more frequently than every 12,500 miles of scheduled driving, provided that no tuneup may be performed after 45,000 miles of scheduled driving. A scheduled major engine tuneup shall be restricted to paragraph (a) (1) (i) (a) through (k) of the section and shall be conducted in a manner consistent with service instructions and specifications provided by the manufacturer for use by customer service personnel. The following items may be inspected, replaced, clean, adjusted, and/or serviced required:

(a) Ignition system.

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(b) Cold starting enrichment system (includes fast idle speed setting).

(c) Curb idle speed and air/fuel mixture.

(d) Drive belt tension on engine accessories.

(e) Valve lash.

(f) Inlet air and exhaust gas control valves.

(g) Engine bolt torque.
(h) Spark plugs.

(i) Fuel filter and air filter.

(j) Crankcase emission control system.

(k) Fuel evaporative emission control system.

(ii) Change of engine and transmission oil, and change or service of oil filter will be allowed at the same mileage intervals that will be specified in the manufacturer's maintenance instructions.

(iii) Readjustment of the engine idle speed (curb idle and fast idle) may be performed, in addition to during scheduled major engine tuneups, once during the first 5,000 miles of vehicle operation.

loss of oil pressure, or charge indicator warning.

(ii) Emission measurements may not be used as a means of determining the need for unscheduled maintenance under paragraph (a) (5) (i) (a).

(iii) Requests for authorization of scheduled maintenance of emission control-related components not specifically authorized to be maintained by these regulations must be made prior to the beginning of durability testing. The Administrator will approve the performance of such maintenance if the manufacturer makes a satisfactory showing that the maintenance will be performed on vehicles in use.

(6) If the Administrator determines that part failure or system malfunction occurrence and/or repair rendered the vehicle unrepresentative of vehicles in use, the vehicle shall not be used as a durability vehicle.

(7) Where the Administrator agrees under $85.075-7 to a mileage accumulation of less than 50,000 miles for durability testing, he may modify the requirements of this paragraph.

(b) Adjustment of engine idle speed on emission data vehicles may be performed once before the 4,000 mile test point. Any other engine, emission control system, or fuel system adjustment, repair, removal, disassembly, cleaning, or replacement on emission data vehicles shall be performed only with the advance approval of the Administrator.

(c) Repairs to vehicle components of the durability or emission data vehicle, other than the engine, emission control system, or fuel system, shall be performed only as a result of part failure, vehicle system malfunction, or with the advance approval of the Administrator.

(d) Complete emission tests (see §§ 85.075-10 and 85.075-27) are required, unless waived by the Administrator, before and after any vehicle maintenance which may reasonably be expected to affect emissions. These test data shall be air posted to the Administrator within 24 hours (or delivered within 3 working days), after the tests, along with a complete record of all pertinent maintenance, including a preliminary engineering report of any malfunction diagnosis and the corrective action taken. complete engineering report shall be delivered or air posted to the Administrator within 10 working days after the tests. In addition, all test data and maintenance reports shall be compiled and

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provided to the Administrator in accordance with § 85.075-4.

(e) The Administrator shall be given the opportunity to verify the existence of an overt indication of part failure and/or vehicle malfunction (e.g., misfire, stall, black smoke), or an activation of an audible and/or visual signal, prior to the performance of any maintenance to which such overt indication or signal is relevant under the provisions of this section.

(f) Equipment, instruments, or tools may not be used to identify malfunctioning, maladjusted, or defective engine components unless the same or equivalent equipment, instruments, or tools will be available to dealerships and other service outlets and

(1) Are used in conjunction with scheduled maintenance on such components.

(2) Are used subsequent to the identification of a vehicle or engine malfunction, as provided in paragraph (a) (5) (1) of this section for durability vehicles or paragraph (b) of this section for emission data vehicles, or

(3) Unless specifically authorized by the Administrator. § 85.075-7

Mileage accumulation and emission standards.

The procedure for mileage accumulation will be the Durability Driving Schedule as specified in Appendix IV to this part. A modified procedure may also be used if approved in advance by the Administrator. Except with the advance approval of the Administrator, all vehicles will accumulate mileage at a measured curb weight which is within 100 pounds of the estimated curb weight. If the loaded vehicle weight is within 100 pounds of being included in the next higher inertia weight class as specified in § 85.075-15 (d), the manufacturer may elect to conduct the respective emission tests at the inertia weight corresponding to the higher loaded vehicle weight.

(a) Emission data vehicles: Each emission data vehicle shall be driven 4,000 miles with all emission control systems installed and operating. Emission tests shall be conducted at zero miles and 4,000 miles.

(b) Durability data vehicles: Each durability vehicle shall be driven, with all emission control systems installed and operating, for 50,000 miles or such lesser distance as the Administrator may agree to as meeting the objectives of this