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POLLUTANTS

Nitrogen dioxide

0-1880 μg/m3 (0-1 p.p.m.).

19 μg/m3 (0.01 p.p.m.).

5 minutes..

5 minutes.

+1% per day and ±2% per 3 days (full scale).

+1% per day and ±2% per 3 days

(full scale).

+4%

3 days..

+0.5% (full scale).

19 μg/m3 (0.01 p.p.m.). +5° C.

2% (full scale).

Hydrocarbons (corrected for methane)

0-3 mg/m3 (0-5 p.p.m.). 0.13 mg/m3 (0.20 p.p.m.). 5 minutes.

5 minutes.

+1% per day and ±2% per 3 days (full scale).

+1% per day and ±2% per 3 days (full scale).

+2%.

3 days.

±0.5% (full scale).

0.03 mg/m3 (0.05 p.p.m.). +5° C.

2% (full scale).

Range: The minimum and maximum measurement limits.
Minimum detectable sensitivity: The smallest amount of input concentration which can be detected as concentration approaches zero.
Rise time 90 percent: The interval between initial response time and time to 90 percent response after a step increase in inlet concentration.
Fall time 90 percent: The interval between initial response time and time to 90 percent response after a step decrease in the inlet concentration.
Zero drift: The change in instrument output over a stated time period of unadjusted continuous operation, when the input concentration is zero.
Span drift: The change in instrument output over a stated period of unadjusted continuous operation, when the input concentration is a stated upscale value.
Precision: The degree of agreement between repeated measurements of the same concentration (which shall be the midpoint of the stated range) expressed as the
average deviation of the single results from the mean.
SetOperation period: The period of time over which the instrument can be expected to operate unattended within specifications.

Noise: Spontaneous deviations from a mean output not caused by input concentration changes.

Interference equivalent: The portion of indicated concentration due to the total of the interferences commonly found in ambient air.

Operating temperature fluctuation: The ambient temperature fluctuation over which stated specifications will be met.

Linearity: The maximum deviation between an actual instrument reading and the reading predicted by a straight line drawn between upper and lower calibration points.

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(2) At least one sampling site must be located in the area of estimated maximum pollutant concentrations.

(b) The plan shall include a description of the existing and proposed air quality surveillance system, which shall set forth:

(1) The basis for the design of the surveillance system, selection of samplers, and sampling sites.

(2) The locations of the samplers by Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) grid coordinates or the equivalent. Any EPA monitoring station may be designated as a sampler location.

(3) The sampling schedules.

(4) The methods of sampling and analysis.

(5) The method of data handling and analysis procedures.

(6) The timetable for the installation of any additional equipment needed to complete the system.

(c) The plan shall provide for monitoring of air quality during any air pollution emergency episode stage. The stations selected for use during such periods must be in operation within 1 year after the date of the Administrator's approval of the plan and be capable of indicating when pollutant concentrations have reached, or are approaching, any episode criteria established pursuant to § 51.16.

[36 F.R. 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, as amended at 36 FR. 25233, Dec. 30, 1971]

§ 51.18 Review of new sources and modifications.

(a) Each plan shall set forth legally enforceable procedures which shall be adequate to enable the State or a local agency to determine whether the construction or modification of a facility, building, structure, or installation, or combination thereof, will result in violations of applicable portions of the control strategy or will interfere with attainment or maintenance of a national standard either directly because of emissions from it, or indirectly, because of emissions resulting from mobile source activities associated with it.

(b) Such procedures shall include means by which the State or local agency responsible for final decisionmaking on an application for approval to construct or modify will prevent such construction or modification if it will result in a viola

tion of applicable portions of the control strategy or will interfere with the attainment or maintenance of a national standard.

(c) Such procedures shall provide for the submission, by the owner or operator of the building, facility, structure, or installation to be constructed or modified, of such information on:

(1) The nature and amounts of emissions to be emitted by it or emitted by associated mobile sources;

(2) The location, design, construction, and operation of such facility, building, structure, or installation as may be necessary to permit the State or local agency to make the determination referred to in paragraph (a) of this section.

(d) Such procedures shall provide that approval of any construction or modification shall not affect the responsibility of the owner or operator to comply with applicable

strategy.

portions of the control

(e) Each plan shall identify the State or local agency which will be responsible for meeting the requirements of this section in each area of the State. Where such responsibility rests with an agency other than an air pollution control agency, such agency shall consult with the appropriate State or local air pollution control agency in carrying out the provisions of this section.

(f) Such procedures shall identify types and sizes of facilities, buildings, structures, or installations which will be subject to review pursuant to this section. The plan shall discuss the basis for determining which facilities shall be subject to review.

(g) The plan shall include the administrative procedures, which will be followed in making the determination specified in paragraph (a) of this section.

(h) (1) Such procedures shall provide that prior to approving or disapproving the construction or modification of a facility, building, structure, or installation pursuant to this section, the State or local agency will provide opportunity for public comment on the information submitted by the owner or operator and on the agency's analysis of the effect of such construction or modification on ambient air quality, including the agency's proposed approval or disapproval.

(2) For purposes of paragraph (h) (1) of this section, opportunity for public comment shall include, as a minimum:

(i) Availability for public inspection in at least one location in the region affected of the information submitted by the owner or operator and of the State or local agency's analysis of the effect on air quality.

(ii) A 30-day period for submittal of public comment, and

(iii) A notice by prominent advertisement in the region affected of the location of the source information and analysis specified in paragraph (h) (2) (i) of this section.

(3) Where the 30-day comment period required in paragraph (h) of this section would conflict with existing requirements for acting on requests for permission to construct or modify, the State may submit for approval a comment period which is consistent with such existing requirements.

(4) A copy of the notice required by paragraph (h) (2) of this section shall also be sent to the administrator through the appropriate regional office, and to all other State and local air pollution control agencies having jurisdiction in the region in which such new or modified installation will be located. The notice also shall be sent to any other agency in the region having responsibility for implementing the procedures required

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Each plan shall provide for monitoring the status of compliance with any rules and regulations which set forth any portion of the control strategy. Specifically, each plan shall, as a minimum, provide for:

(a) Legally enforceable procedures for requiring owners or operators of stationary sources to maintain records of, and periodically report to the State information on, the nature and amount of emissions from such stationary sources and/or such other information as may be necessary to enable the State to determine whether such sources are in compliance with applicable portions of the control strategy.

(b) Periodic testing and inspection of stationary sources.

(c) Establishment of a system for detecting violations of any rules and regulations through the enforcement of appropriate visible emission limitations and for investigating complaints.

(d) Procedures for obtaining and maintaining data on actual emissions reductions achieved as a result of implementing transportation control measures. In the case of measures involving inspection, maintenance, or retrofit, these data shall include the results of an emission surveillance program designed to determine actual average per vehicle emissions reductions attributable to inspection, maintenance, and/or retrofit. In the case of measures based on traffic flow changes or reductions in vehicle use, the data shall include observed changes in vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and average speeds. The data shall be maintained in such a way as to facilitate comparison of the planned and actual efficacy of the transportation control measures. [36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, as amended at 38 FR 15196, June 8, 1973]

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Each plan shall include a description of the resources available to the State and local agencies at the date of submission of the plan and of any additional resources needed to carry out the plan during the 5-year period following its submission. Such description, which shall be provided in a form similar to that in Appendix K to this part, shall include projections of the extent to which resources will be acquired at 1-, 3-, and 5year intervals.

§ 51.21 Intergovernmental cooperation.

(a) For the purpose of assisting in the development of a plan for any interstate region, the State agency responsible for implementing national standards in any portion of such an interstate region shall furnish any available data on emissions, air quality, and control strategy development, upon request, to any other State or local agency having such responsibility in any other portion of such interstate region.

(b) Each plan shall identify:

(1) The local agencies, by official title, which will participate in carrying out the plan.

(2) The responsibilities of such local agencies and the responsibilities of any

State governmental agency involved in carrying out any portion of the plan.

(c) Each plan shall provide assurances that the State agency having primary responsibility for implementing national standards in any region, or portion thereof, will promptly transmit to other State agencies having similar or related responsibility in the same or other States, information on factors (e.g., construction of new industrial plants) which may significantly affect air quality in any portion of such region or in any adjoining region.

§ 51.22 Rules and regulations.

Emission limitations and other measures necessary for attainment and maintenance of any national standard, including any measures necessary to implement the requirements of § 51.11, shall be adopted as rules and regulations enforceable by the State agency. Copies of all such rules and regulations shall be submitted with the plan. Except as otherwise provided by § 51.11(b), submittal of a plan setting forth proposed rules and regulations will not satisfy the requirements of this section nor will it be considered a timely submittal. Subpart C-Extensions

§ 51.30

Request for 2-year extension.

(a) The Governor of a State may, at the time of submission of a plan to implement a primary standard in a Priority I region, request the Administrator to extend, for a period not exceeding 2 years, the 3-year period prescribed by the Act for attainment of the primary standard in such region.

(b) Any such request regarding an interstate region shall be submitted jointly with the requests of Governors of all States in the region, or shall show that the Governor of each State in the region has been notified of such a request.

(c) Any such request regarding attainment of a primary standard shall be submitted together with a plan which shall:

(1) Set forth a control strategy adequate for attainment of such primary standard.

(2) Show that the necessary technology or alternatives will not be available

soon enough to permit full implementation of such control strategy within such 3-year period, 1.e., one or more emission sources or classes of sources will be unable to comply with applicable portions of the control strategy.

(3) Provide for attainment of such primary standard as expeditiously as practicable, but in no case later than 5 years after the date of the Administrator's approval of such plan.

(d) Any showing pursuant to paragraph (c) of this section shall include:

(1) A clear identification of stationary emission sources or classes of moving sources which will be unable to comply with the applicable portions of such control strategy within a 3-year period because the necessary technology or alternatives will not be available soon enough to permit such compliance.

(2) A clear identification and justification of any assumptions made with the respect to the time at which the necessary technology or alternatives will be available.

(3) A clear identification of any alternative means of attainment of such primary standard which were considered and rejected.

(4) A showing that stationary emission sources or classes of moving sources other than those identified pursuant to subparagraph (1) of this paragraph will be required to comply, within such 3year period, with any applicable portions of such control strategy.

(5) A showing that reasonable interim control measures are provided for in such plan with respect to emissions from the source(s) identified pursuant to subparagraph (1) of this paragraph.

§ 51.31 Request for 18-month extension.

(a) Upon request of the State made in accordance with this section, the Administrator may, whenever he determines necessary, extend, for a period not to exceed 18 months, the deadline for submitting that portion of a plan that implements a secondary standard.

(b) Any such request will be given consideration only in the case of Priority I and Priority II regions.

(c) Any such request shall show that attainment of the secondary standards

will require emission reductions exceeding those which can be achieved through the application of reasonably available control technology.

(d) Any such request for extension of the deadline with respect to any State's portion of an interstate region shall be submitted jointly with requests for such extensions from all other States within the region or shall show that all such States have been notified of such request.

(e) Any such request shall be submitted sufficiently early to permit development of a plan prior to the deadline in the event that such request is denied. § 51.32 Request for 1-year postpone

ment.

(a) Pursuant to section 110 (f) of the Act, the Governor of a State may request, with respect to any stationary source or class of moving sources, a postponement for not more than 1 year of the applicability of any portion of the control strategy.

(b) Any such request regarding sources located in an interstate region shall show that the Governor of each State in the region has been notified of such request.

(c) Any such request shall clearly identify the source(s) and portion(s) of the control strategy which are the subject of such request and shall include information relevant to the determinations required by section 110 (f) of the Act.

(d) A public hearing will be held, before the Administrator or his designee, on any such request.

(e) No such request shall operate to stay the applicability of the portion(s) of the control strategy covered by such request.

(f) A State's determination to defer the applicability of any portion(s) of the control strategy with respect to such source(s) will not necessitate a request for postponement under this section unless such deferral will prevent attainment or maintenance of a national standard within the time specified in such plan: Provided, however, That any such determination will be deemed a revision of an applicable plan under § 51.6. [36 FR 22398, Nov. 25, 1971, as amended at 38 FR 15958, June 19, 1973]

1 Defined term (Clean Air Act) see definitions.

APPENDIX A-AIR QUALITY ESTIMATION Ambient pollutant levels may be estimated through the application of atmospheric diffusion models. These estimates are based primarily upon the pollutant emissions, meteorology, and topography that prevails within a region. Several procedures are available for estimating air quality based on atmospheric dispersion. The complexity and sophistication of these procedures range from a few simple calculations that may be made manually to thousands of calculations that require a computer. The procedures presented here are simple and require a minimum of calculations. The two procedures presented are referred to as an area model and a point model. The area model was used to classify regions not having air quality data where the air quality levels are the result of several pollutant sources distributed throughout the region. The point model was used where the air quality results from a single point source of pollutant.

Area model. The relationship presented in figure 1 is based on the concepts of the model developed by Miller and Holzworth. This model requires estimates of a region's average emission density, the "size" of the region, and the wind speed through the atmospheric mixing layer. A summary and description of how to use the procedure are presented here. For discussion purposes let:

X=Estimate concentration, micrograms/ cubic meter (μg/m3)

μ=Wind speed through mixing layer, meters/second (m/s)

Q=Emission density, micrograms/square

meter-second (μg/m2-s)

C=Urban size=1⁄2√urban area, kilometers (km.)

Figure 1 is a plot of "normalized concentration" as a function of urban size and is defined to be the product of predicted concentration and wind speed divided by emission density. Concentrations are an increasing function of urban size and are directly proportional to emission density. The wind serves as a diluting agent and reduces expected pollutant concentrations.

As an example, the Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA) of Chicago is used to compute the expected concentration of SO, from 1967 emissions in the Chicago area. The urban area of Chicago for computational purposes is 2,500 square km. The urban size, as defined is consequently 25 km. and thus from figure 1: Χμ

For Chicago:

Q=17.8

=230

μg/sec meter❜ μ=7.3 meters/sec

1 Miller, M.E., and Holtzworth, G.C., "An Atmospheric Diffusion Model for Metropolitan Areas", Jour. Air Poll. Cont. Assoc., 17: 46-50; Jan. 1967.

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