Y 4.096/10:5.hrg.100-679 S. HRG. 100-679 APPLICATION OF THE NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL G'S RECORD ONLY: HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON HAZARDOUS WASTES AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES OF THE COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS ONE HUNDREDTH CONGRESS UNIVERSITY Printed for the use of the Committee on Environment and Public Works FET 1989 87-156 U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1988 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS QUENTIN N. BURDICK, DANIEL PATRICK MOYNIHAN, New York FRANK R. LAUTENBERG, New Jersey BARBARA A. MIKULSKI, Maryland ROBERT T. STAFFORD, Vermont JOHN H. CHAFEE, Rhode Island ALAN K. SIMPSON, Wyoming STEVE SYMMS, Idaho DAVE DURENBERGER, Minnesota JOHN W. WARNER, Virginia LARRY PRESSLER, South Dakota CONTENTS OPENING STATEMENTS Barnes, James, senior attorney, Environmental Policy Institute. Written statement........ 211 Burnham, James B., senior vice president, Mellon Bank Written statement.. Nitze, William A., Deputy Assistant Secretary of State, Bureau of Oceans and 172 Smith, Fred L., Jr., president, Competitive Enterprise Institute Written statement.. ADDITIONAL MATERIAL Gobal Environment Project Institute.. Kasten, Hon. Bob, U.S. Senator from the State of Wisconsin. Sanford, Hon. Terry, U.S. Senator from the State of North Carolina. APPLICATION OF THE NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT TO U.S. PARTICIPATION IN ACTIONS OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS THURSDAY, JUNE 16, 1988 U.S. SENATE, COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS, SUBCOMMITTEE ON HAZARDOUS WASTES Washington, DC. The subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 9:32 a.m., in room 406, Dirksen Senate Office Building, Hon. Max Baucus, (chairman of the subcommittee) presiding. Present: Senators Baucus, Symms, and Durenberger. OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. MAX BAUCUS, U.S. SENATOR FROM THE STATE OF MONTANA Senator BAUCUS. The subcommittee will come to order. The subcommittee is meeting this morning to hear testimony on a subject of national and international importance. Simply stated, should the United States require that economic development projects for other countries meet our own strict environmental standards before we support development loans for these projects? In essence, should the United States' domestic policies be the guidelines for our foreign policy, especially when it applies to developing nations? We are only too familiar with the profound global effects of deforestation, loss of productive farmland through substandard agricultural practices, and through poorly conceived hydropower projects. The bottom line is that bad economic development projects result in incalculable human suffering and the destruction of almost irreplaceable natural resources. Examples abound of projects financed by the international community that have gone seriously awry because of bad planning and poor implementation. In Botswana, a beef export project backfired, causing widespread desertification and destruction of wildlife populations. The cruelest irony is that despite large exports of beef, 65 percent of that country is now dependent on foreign food aid where once it was selfsufficient. In Brazil, the Polonoreste project has been an economic and social disaster, with global implications. Thousands of people were (1) |