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The legislative branch appropriation bill for the current fiscal year has not yet been reported by the House committee.

This morning, we are pleased to welcome the Librarian of Congress, Dr. L. Quincy Mumford, along with the members of his staff.

INTRODUCTION OF ASSOCIATES

Before you proceed with your statement, Dr. Mumford, will you please introduce your associates for the purposes of the record.

Mr. MUMFORD. Yes, Mr. Chairman. Thank you. On my right here is Mr. Lorenz, the Deputy Librarian of Congress, and next to him Mrs. Hamer, who is Assistant Librarian of Congress, and beginning on the front row is Mr. Welsh, Director of the Processing Department; Mr. Rohlf, Director of the Administrative Department; Mr. Jayson, who is Director of the Legislative Reference Service; Mr. Reimers, who is Coordinator of Information Systems; Mr. Berry, Director of the Reference Department; Mr. Coffin, who is a Law Librarian; and Mr. Cary, who is Deputy Register of Copyrights.

And on the back row as an observer, Mr. Kenyon, Associate Law Librarian; Mr. Yabroff Assistant Director for Management Services, Administrative Department; Mr. Curran, who is deputy budget officer; and Mr. Bray, who is Chief of the Division for the Blind and Physically Handicapped; and Mr. Applebaum, who is Assistant Director of the Processing Department. On my left is Mr. William W. Rossiter, the Library's budget officer.

Senator MONTOYA. Thank you, Dr. Mumford. You may proceed with your statement, sir.

SUMMARY STATEMENT: RISING WORKLOAD AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Mr. MUMFORD. Mr. Chairman and members of the committee, I have a summary statement which I would like to present, if I may.

Senator MONTOYA. It will be made a part of the record, or if you want to present it yourself, go ahead.

it.

Mr. MUMFORD. I would appreciate the opportunity of going through

Senator MONTOYA. Do you have another statement besides this? Mr. MUMFORD. No, sir. This is a kind of a summary of the requests. Senator MONTOYA. Yes.

Mr. MUMFORD. First let me say the opportunity to appear here in behalf of the Library's 1970 budget estimates is most welcome. My introductory statement will be brief. For the most part, the increases I have requested, in addition to providing for salary and price increases, are designed to meet the rising workloads and responsibilities of the Library in numerous areas and do not contemplate any major new services or programs.

BUDGET REQUEST

The total request which you have before you under all headings is $44,677,800, which represents an increase of $2,964,900 over the fiscal 1969 levels. About $1,200,000 of this increase is for such built-in costs

as in-grade salary and price increases and annualization of pay increases. Of the remaining increases, $1,120,000 is for acquiring, cataloging, and servicing library materials and $645,000 is for special services, primarily for the book program for the blind and physically handicapped and, to a lesser extent, for the Copyright Office.

INCREASES REQUESTED

These increases include requests for a total of 96 additional positions for the purpose of meeting increased work loads. Of these, 63 are under the appropriation item "Salaries, and expenses, Library of Congress," eight are for the Copyright Office, 17 for the Legislative Reference Service, and eight for the Division for the Blind and Physically Handicapped. Almost all of the other significant increases are for the purchase and preservation of books and other library materials.

ACQUISITION OF LIBRARY MATERIALS

The acquisition of books to meet growing demands for service is a major undertaking for most libraries and is, of course, an even greater one for the Library of Congress. There is, as you know, a continual increase in the variety of subjects being investigated; there is an equally large increase in the number of books on each subject; and the price of each book has increased at a greater rate than the general price level for other commodities.

For these reasons I am asking an increase of $190,000 for the purchase of books, of which $15,000 is for lawbooks, and that is a separate appropriation, and an increase of $347,000 for the reading program for the blind and physically handicapped, primarily for the acquisition of additional Braille books and sound recordings.

PRESERVATION OF MATERIALS

For several years the Library has, of necessity, been placing greater emphasis on the preservation of its collections in order that this material may be available for future generations. Because time is an important element in this program, I am requesting an additional $165,000 for the restoration and preservation of books and for the microreproduction of materials that have deteriorated beyond the point where they can be restored.

AUTOMATION

Although I am not requesting an increase for the automation program-that item remains at $1,600,000-I should like to make a few comments about this activity. The automation program at the Library has two interrelated goals. One is to provide better, more-efficient access to the Library's resources through automation; and the second is to serve as a focal point in the development of a central library information system offering automated cataloging and other bibliographic services to the Nation.

Not only is this program essential to future Library of Congress operations and to our work for the Congress and the Government, but other libraries and their users throughout this country will be direct beneficiaries.

MACHINE-READABLE CATALOGING

Through funds provided in part by Federal grant programs, many
libraries are proceeding with their own automated systems. Because
most of these libraries are looking to the Library of Congress to de-
velop its automation before their operations can be fully effective,
it is especially important that we proceed with our program as ex-
peditiously as possible. During the last fiscal year, we have made a
significant step in this direction by developing a format for machine-
readable cataloging information, which has been accepted as a stand-
ard by the American Library Association and the United States of
America Standards Institute.

This makes it possible, for the first time, for libraries throughout the
country to share a standard bibliographic medium by which they
can begin to use, through automated techniques, Library of Congress
cataloging and can eventually be linked to the Library of Congress
and to other libraries.

During the past fiscal year, we have inaugurated a subscription
service for cataloging and other bibliographic information in this
standard format, on magnetic tape.

AUTOMATION IN THE LEGISLATIVE REFERENCE SERVICE

An important aspect of our automation program is directed toward
serving Congress through the Legislative Reference Service. Several
new applications are now in operation and a portion of the 1970 funds
will be allocated to extending automated services to the Congress. In
general, we expect to make 1970 a year of system development and
further practical application of computer technology in several parts
of the Library.

DISTRIBUTION OF CATALOG Cards

Turning to the distribution of catalog cards, which is a self-support-
ing service to about 25,000 other libraries, the only increase repre-
sented, in addition to mandatory costs, is $137,000 for the printing of
publications. This service is undergoing a difficult transition year. In
September of 1968, the first phase of a two-stage automation program
was initiated, through which we are developing a truly modern card
distribution system.

However, until the changeover is completed, we will experience the
added cost of running a dual system for certain operations and the
return to the Treasury may be temporarily somewhat less than in
previous years.

JAMES MADISON MEMORIAL BUILDING

Finally, I should like to say a few words about the continuing crit-
ical space problem of the Library. A request to proceed with the final
planning and first steps in constructing the James Madison Memorial
Building is in the Architect of the Capitol's budget, and I must em-
phasize again, as I did last year, that this is the most important item
for the Library; it is the one on which all future development rests.

RENTAL SPACE

In the meantime, the General Services Administration has provided
two additional leased spaces for the Library's use-in Crystal City,
Arlington, for the Copyright Office and on South Pickett Street in
Alexandria for the Geography and Map Division and other uses.

This will complete the leasing program started in 1967, and the
budget before you, which requests a net increase of $185,000 for this
purpose, is needed to support existing leases and does not provide for
any additional rentals.

I hope that this space will see us through until the Madison Build-
ing is completed, but I must point out that our space needs appear to
increase by about 45,000 to 50,000 square feet a year. This could make
additional interim requests necessary, especially if the Madison Build-
ing is further delayed.

RETURNS TO THE TREASURY

The Library, as you know, does have two revenue-producing serv-
ices. In fiscal 1968 the Copyright Office and the Card Distribution
Service between them accounted for receipts of about $8,900,000, or 20
percent of the entire direct appropriation to the Library, and this
money is returned to the Treasury.

RESIDENT ENGINEER

One additional point for the record. The Architect of the Capitol,
to improve the efficiency of Library building operations, has agreed to
request authority to hire a resident engineer for the Library buildings
on my agreement that the Library would give up an administrative
position in our building services area. I am prepared to make this re-
duction if his request is approved.

I thank you for the opportunity to present this summary. My staff
and I will be glad to answer any questions.

ORGANIZATION OF THE LIBRARY

Senator MONTOYA. Mr. Mumford, in order to have the record prop-
erly reflect the composition of the Library and the different and sepa-
rate functions, would you highlight briefly the different divisions of
the Library and what their functions might be.

Mr. MUMFORD. Yes, sir, I will be glad to summarize that.

FUNCTIONS OF THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

The functions of the Library of Congress are largely reflected in
its present organization, which is shown on the accompanying chart.
The Library consists of the Office of the Librarian and of six depart-
ments, each with a number of divisions.

The Office of the Librarian is made up of the Librarian, the Deputy
Librarian, and the Assistant Librarian, who are responsible for the
overall management of the Library. The following offices are also
a part of the Office of the Librarian: the Chief Internal Auditor, the
Exhibits, the Information, the Publications, and the Information Sys-

tems Offices. The Librarian is, ex officio, chairman of the Permanent Committee for the Oliver Wendell Holmes Devise, created by an act of Congress to administer the bequest of the late Associate Justice of the Supreme Court; the projects of the Committee a definitive multivolume history of the Supreme Court of the United States and the Holmes lecture series-are administered through the Librarian's office.

ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENT

The Administrative Department is responsible for the Library's central fiscal and personnel administration, its computer facility, the preservation of library materials, the photoduplication service, and the general housekeeping operations of the Library.

COPYRIGHT OFFICE

The Copyright Office is responsible for administering the copyright law, examining and registering claims to copyright, recording assignments and related documents, furnishing copyright data and other information about copyright to the public, indexing and cataloging all registrations and printing catalogs of copyright entries, and making studies of copyright problems and recommendations to the Congress for the general revision of the copyright law, which is now before the Congress.

LAW LIBRARY

The law library has custody of legal collections numbering some 1,500,000 volumes and gives a reference service to the Congress, other Government agencies, the bench and the bar, and the public. It is the largest law library in the country, is the Government's only general law library, and is strong not only in American and British law but its collections also contain legal literature of all foreign countries. At the present time, the newly developed subject classification for law— class K-is being applied to the Library's legal materials.

LEGISLATIVE REFERENCE SERVICE

The Legislative Reference Service is the department of the Library devoted exclusively to providing information, reference materials, and research studies for Members and committees of Congress and their staffs to assist them in their legislative responsibilities. Although the first duty of the entire Library is to serve Congress, LRS is a relatively small department of about 300 persons-backed up, of course, by the total resources of the Library. Although its services are not directly available to the public, it should be pointed out that LRS, through the Congress, performs a national service, and much of the research done for the Congress is embodied in published, publicly available congressional documents.

Senator MONTOYA. I want you to know, as far as I am concerned, the Legislative Reference Service has been most helpful to my office, and the good staff in that Service has indeed been of extreme help to

me.

Mr. MUMFORD. I am very happy to hear that, Senator.

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