information" is related to topics listed under activities, skills, and processes, and contains many topics of a technical information nature. The third column entitled, "Suggested project areas" is set apart from the first two columns, and indicates where ideas for projects can be obtained rather than particular projects for students to construct. The fourth column entitled, "Instructional aids" lists specific commercial instructional aids. The fifth column entitled, "General information" has the type of information which is deemed desirable for the student to know although not necessary for the performance of the activities listed in column one.

IDAHO

Idaho has three basic plans of organization for general shop courses. These plans are set up for a school term of 36 weeks for grades 7-12.

PLAN I. All students take drawing for 8 weeks. Then the class is divided into 3 groups. These groups are rotated every 8 weeks in the subject areas of wood, metal, and electricity. In the last 4 weeks, students are allowed to continue in the most interesting area or finish incomplete projects.

PLAN II. All students take drawing and planning for 9 weeks. Then the class is divided into 3 groups, and each group is rotated every 9 weeks in the subject areas of wood, metal, and electricity.

PLAN III. Classes are divided into 4 groups and rotated every 9 weeks in the subject areas of wood, drawing, electricity, and metal.

The instructional content in Idaho is prepared in 4 major subject. areas for the composite general shop and in the general unit shop. These areas are: (1) woodworking, (2) drawing, (3) electricity, and (4) metalworking. The following outline for content in woodworking for the composite general shop is as follows: overview, objectives for woodworking, instructional activities, things a student should be able to do, things a student should know, safety, suggested tools and equipment, power and tool equipment, suggested woodworking projects, and references.

In the areas of drawing, electricity, and metalworking, the outline is the same with the exception of metalworking which has an added item dealing with machines.

The following outline for content in woodworking in the general unit shop is as follows: overview, objectives, instructional activities, things a student should know, power machine section, safety, tool and equipment list, power tool equipment, suggested projects, references, and a floor plan for 20 students.

In the areas of drawing, electricity, and metalworking, the outline is similar to that for woodworking.

An excerpt of the instructional content in a general unit woodworking course follows: 2

THINGS A STUDENT SHOULD BE ABLE TO DO

THINGS A STUDENT SHOULD KNOW

1. The meaning of all symbols, lines,
and detailed specification found
in common working drawings.
2. How to choose material correctly
for a job and to figure the cost of
material.

3. The importance of planning in the shop as it is done in industry.

4. Characteristics, uses, sources of kinds of wood used in furniture, and grades of lumber.

5. Standard dimensions of lumber and cutting with a minimum of waste

MAINE

Maine industrial arts courses are arranged in three levels. Level I, covers introductory basic courses; Level II, covers intermediate courses; and Level III, covers advanced courses. Each of these levels

is represented in the subject areas of electricity, metalwork, transportation, and woodwork.

No attempt is made to associate the levels with any particular grades, inasmuch as basic work may be given at any grade level to any pupil who has had no previous experiences. The basic courses, Level I, are intended to provide introductory and/or exploratory experiences in a wide range of shop activities. Level II, intermediate courses, follows the basic program and provides further opportunity to explore

students' interests and abilities. Level III, advanced courses, are prevocational in order to provide for those students who, by reason of their interest and choice, wish to develop their abilities in one or possibly two subject areas.

The instructional content in Maine is organized in four subject areas: (1) electricity, (2) metalwork, (3) transportation, and (4) woodwork. Each area has introductory paragraphs stating the general and specific objectives for that area, then three columns provide the suggested content under the following titles: "Suggested problems or activities," "New operations or processes," and "Related information." For example, in the transportation area "Suggested problems or activities" lists the following: (1) tires, (2) batteries, (3) generators, etc. A total of 14 different items are listed under this column in the actual guide. Under "New operations or processes" and "Related information" is a list of 14 suggested groups of content topics presented in a similar manner as in column one.

Notice an excerpt from the guide 3 for transportation, Level II. The Transportation (Level II)

Specific objectives

1. To develop the ability to choose wisely and to use carefully the internal combustion engine and common machines which are powered by it.

2. To develop basic skills and knowledges required in the maintenance of the internal combustion engine and common machines powered by it.

3. To develop attitudes, habits, and skills which will result in safe practices around the internal combustion engine and machines powered by it.

4. To provide opportunity to gain experiences with the tools, equipment, materials, and processes used in the repair and maintenance of the internal combustion engine and machines powered by it.

5. To develop an appreciation of the complexities involved in the manufacture of components of the internal combustion engine and machines powered by it.