as the developmental program takes definite shape. In some instances it may be desirable, for example, to leave unit tracts of relatively inferior irrigable lands without laterals for later development and occupation. The practicability of such a procedure might depend on Government acquisition of the land. Purchase of the land would help to make feasible the establishment of appropriate control measures to insure proper land use. It would facilitate the adjustment of farm acreage to the varied productivity and utility of the land. It would facilitate compact and orderly rural settlement and afford control over the localization and establishment of new villages. From every relevant point of view Government acquisition of the privately owned lands of the project area and also, by purchase or through gift, of the relatively restricted areas of State owned and county owned lands, is an almost indispensable prerequisite to the success of the project. Not otherwise can various outstanding objectives of the great enterprise, unparalleled in the history of irrigation in any country, be accomplished. Mr. PAGE. Next is a "chronological steps in connection with approval and development of the Grand Coulee Dam-Columbia Basin project." It says: CHRONOLOGICAL STEPS IN CONNECTION WITH APPROVAL AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE GRAND COULEE DAM-COLUMBIA BASIN PRODUCT 1881: October, a report was prepared on an examination of the upper Columbia River and the territory in its vicinity by Lt. Thomas W. Symons, Corps of Engineers, United States Army. Executive Document No. 186, Forty-seventh Congress, first session. 1892: October 12, the Acting Secretary of War transmitted to the Congress the report by Capt. Thomas W. Symons on the Possibility of Navigation on the Upper Columbia River. Executive Document No. 39, Fifty-second Congress, second session. 1904 First investigations were made by the United States Reclamation Service to determine the possibilities of irrigating the area along the Columbia River in Grant, Adams, and Franklin Counties in eastern Washington. Surveys were made for canals using the Columbia, Spokane, and Palouse Rivers as sources of water supply. 1905: The Priest Rapids area was investigated. 1913: February 8, a soil survey of the Quincy area, Washington, by A. W. Mangum and C. Van Duyne, of the Department of Agriculture, and Fred W. Ashton, of the Washington Geological Survey, was issued. 1914: May 14, the Secretary of War transmitted to the Congress a report by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. Executive Document No. 1112, Sixty-third Congress, second session. 1914-15: Under a cooperative agreement between the State of Washington and the United States Reclamation Service, an investigation and report was made on a proposed project north and east of Pasco, Wash., using the Palouse River as a source of water supply. This work was in charge of Engineer McCulloch, of the United States Reclamation Service. 1917: January 12, a soil survey of Franklin County, Wash., by Cornelius Van Duyne and J. H. Agee, of the Department of Agriculture, and Fred W. Ashton, of the Washington Geological Survey, was issued. 1919: March 1, the Washington State Legislature approved an act providing for the survey of the Columbia Basin irrigation project and the creation of a Columbia Basin Survey Commission. 1920: The Columbia Basin Survey Commission of the State of Washington, of which Marvin Chase, State hydraulic engineer, was chairman, and Arthur J. Turner, of Spokane, was chief engineer, published a report as a result of its surveys and investigations in that year and in 1919. The commission investigated a number of plans for the project water supply, including several alternatives of a gravity supply diverting from Clark Fork at Albany Falls, a partial water supply from the Wenatchee River and a plan for pumping water from the Columbia River at the Grand Coulee site with a dam 180 feet in height above low water. 1920: December, a board of engineers of the United States Reclamation Service, consisting of D. C. Henny, James Munn, and C. T. Pease, reviewed the report of the Columbia Basin Survey Commission of the State of Washington in December 1920. The report of this board suggested a number of changes in unit prices and recommended further investigations. 1921: The State of Washington made further investigations at the Columbia River Dam site and explored the foundation by diamond drilling. Estimates were made of the costs of developing power, pumping water for irrigation and building transmission lines at the Foster Creek site and also at the Grand Coulee site. The estimates and report of this work were prepared by Willis T. Batchellor, electrical engineer. 1921: In the latter part of this year the State of Washington employed George W. Goethals to review existing reports and make a further report upon the feasibility of the various construction problems of the project. 1922: March 30, the Goethals report was issued showing considerably lower unit costs than had been used by the Columbia Basin Survey Commission. 1922: Hearings on S. 3745, Sixty-seventh Congress, second session, a bill for the creation of the Columbia Basin Irrigation Commission, one member to be appointed by each of the Secretaries of Interior, Agriculture, and Commerce. Arthur P. Davis, Director of the Reclamation Service, testified that further investigations and appropriations were necessary before the project could be presented for construction. 1922: Hearings on S. 3808, Sixty-seventh Congress, second session, a bill authorizing the Secretary of the Interior to investigate and report to Congress upon the Columbia Basin irrigation project. 1923: The act of February 21 (42 Stat. 1281) authorized for expenditure by the Secretary of the Interior an appropriation of $100,000 which was included in the Appropriation Act of March 4, 1923 (42 Stat. 1527, 1450), for the purpose of investigating the feasibility of irrigation projects ont he Columbia River. 1923 February, a report was made to the Federal Power Commission on the uses of the upper Columbia River by a board of engineers consisting of J. B. Cavanaugh, colonel, Corps of Engineers, United States Army; D. C. Henny, consulting engineer, United States Reclamation Service; F. F. Henshaw, district engineer, United States Geological Survey; C. S. Heidel, State engineer, Montana; W. G. Swendsen, commissioner, Department of Reclamation, Idaho; and Marvin Chase, supervisor of hydraulics, State of Washington. The principal conclusions of this board were that the Columbia Basin project was the most important single to be considered in the uses to be made of the Columbia River water above the mouth of the Snake River, that the project could be supplied with water by either a gravity supply diverted from the Clark Fork at Albany Falls or by pumping from the Columbia River at the Grand Coulee Dam site but that information upon which to base a final decision between a gravity and a pumped supply for the Columbia Basin irrigation project was not complete and should be completed. 1923-24: The Bureau of Reclamation made further investigations of the Columbia Basin project and the report thereon by Engineer H. J. Gault was published by the Senate of the Sixty-ninth Congress, second session, for the use of the Committee on Irrigation and Reclamation. This report considered four alternatives in each of the two general plans, pumping and gravity, for irrigating the Columbia Basin project. 1924: The Gault report was reviewed by a board of engineers consisting of A. J. Wiley, James Munn, and J. L. Savage of the Bureau of Reclamation. The Board's report was submitted and published with the Gault report, April 6. 1924: The Columbia Basin Commission was appointed by the Secretary of the Interior to make a further study of the Gault report and an independent investigation of the project including settlement and farm development problems as well as engineering. Its membership consisted of Elwood Mead, Commissioner of the Bureau of Reclamation, and John H. Edwards, Solicitor of the Department of the Interior, who appointed the following engineers and economists: Louis C. Hill, of California; Charles H. Locher, of Maryland; Richard R. Lyman, of Utah; Arthur J. Turner, O. L. Waller, and Joseph Jacobs, of Washington. 1925: February, the report of the Columbia Basin Commission was published with the Gault report. This board limited its examination and report to the analyses and estimates of the various plans of supplying water to the Columbia Basin project by diverting water from the Clark Fork at Albany Falls. 1925: Act of March 4 (43 Stat. 1268), to permit a compact or agreement be tween the States of Washington, Idaho, Oregon, and Montana respecting the disposition and apportionment of the waters of the Columbia River and its tributaries, and for other purposes. 1926 February 2, hearings on S. 2663, Sixty-ninth Congress, first session, a bill authorizing the Secretary of the Interior to cooperate with the States of Idaho, Montana, Oregon, and Washington in allocation of the water of the Columbia River and its tributaries and for other purposes. Mr. Dill from the Committee on Irrigation submitted Report No. 182, February 15, 1926, recommending favorable consideration of the bill. 1926: The act of April 13 (44 Stat. 247) authorized the Secretary of the Interior to cooperate with the States of Idaho, Montana, Oregon, and Washington in allocation of the waters of the Columbia River and its tributaries and authorized $25,000, which was appropriated by the Second Deficiency Act of July 3, 1926 (44 Stat. 841), for completing investigations of the feasibility of irrigation by gravity or pumping, water sources, water storage, and related problems on the Columbia River and its tributaries including the Columbia Basin proper. 1926-30; Studies of various water supply and power development problems relating to the Columbia Basin project were made by the United States Geological Survey at the request of and collaborating with the State of Washington. The principal reports submitted are as follows: Power Possibilities of Priest River, Idaho, 1926, by G. L. Parker, district engineer, United States Geological Survey, and Eugene Logan, consulting engineer, for the State of Washington. Preliminary report Columbia Basin project, Water Power Analysis, 1926, by G. L. Parker, district engineer, United States Geological Survey, and Eugene Logan, consulting engineer for the State department of conservation and development. Storage Regulation in Flathead Basin for Power and Its Effect on the Columbia Basin Project, 1926, by G. L. Parker, district engineer, United States Geological Survey. Albany Falls Power Project in Connection With Columbia Basin Irrigation Project, 1930, by Eugene Logan, consulting engineer for the State Department of Conservation and Development, Washington. 1928: January 11-13, hearings on S. 1462, Seventieth Congress, first session, a bill for the adoption of the Columbia Basin reclamation project and for other purposes was introduced by Senators Dill and Jones. The bill was several times amended but eventually failed of enactment. Report No. 2008, dated February 4, 1929, by Mr. Hill from the Committee on Irrigation and Reclamation, recommended amendments to S. 1462 to provide specifically for an investigation of the legal and economic features of the Columbia Basin development. The bill, was several times amended but eventually failed of enactment. 1928: January 16-17, hearings on H. R. 7029, Seventieth Congress, first session, a bill for the adoption of the Columbia Basin reclamation project, introduced by Mr. Summers. Report No. 872, dated May 10, 1928, by Mr. Hill of the Committee on Irrigation and Reclamation, did not recommend favorable consideration of H. R. 7029 but recommended reasonable appropriations to further and complete investigations to determine feasibility. 1928: A Report on Soil and Economic Conditions on the Columbia Basin project, by B. E. Hayden, of the Bureau of Reclamation, and Prof. George Severance, of the State College of Washington, was published by the Department of the Interior. 1929: Soil Survey (Reconnaissance) of Columbia Basin Area, Washington, by A. T. Strahorn, E. J. Carpenter, W. W. Weir, Scott Ewing, and H. H. Skrusekopf, of the Department of Agriculture, and A. F. Heck and H. A. Lunt, State College of Washington. No. 28, series 1929. 1930: September a general field reconnaissance was made by H. W. Bashore, of the Bureau of Reclamation, of the various project units, canal lines, and reservoir sites. 1931: September 30, a report was prepared on the Quincy unit of the Columbia Basin project by R. F. Walter, L. N. McClellan, and E. B. Debler, of the Denver office of the Bureau of Reclamation. 1928-32: Comprehensive investigations of the Columbia River and its tributaries above the mouth of the Snake River were made under the direction of Maj. John S. Butler, Corps of Engineers of the United States Army. The pumping plan of placing water on the project was shown as being altogether feasible both from an economic and an engineering viewpoint as well as the high dam in the Columbia River at the head of the Grand Coulee. The Bureau of Reclamation reviewed the report of the Corps of Engineers on the Columbia Basin project, endorsed the report, and was in substantial agreement with it. The investigations were authorized by the Rivers and Harbors Act of January 21, 1927, and in accordance with House Document No. 308, Sixty-ninth Congress, first session. 1931-32: Investigations were made by the Bureau of Reclamation. 1932: January 7, a report was submitted by R. F. Walter, chief engineer of the Bureau of Reclamation, on the proposed Columbia Basin project. It was included in the Corps of Engineers' report sent to the Congress on March 29, 1932, for presentation before the Committee on Irrigation and Reclamation, House of Representatives, on the bill H. R. 7446. Briefly, the report proposed a combined irrigation and power development, comprising a dam across the Columbia River at the upper end of the Grand Coulee and a power plant, pumping plant, and an irrigation system. 1932: May 25-27, June 1-3 and 13, hearings on H. R. 7446, Seventy-second Congress, first session, a bill to provide for the construction, operation, and main'tenance of the Columbia Basin project in Washington, introduced by Mr. Hill. The report of the Bureau of Reclamation was outlined by L. N. McClellan, electrical engineer, and Dr. Elwodo Mead, then Commissioner of the Bureau of Reclamation. Maj. John S. Butler, Corps of Engineers, testified, giving a synopsis of his report. 1932: June 21, hearings on S. 2860, Seventy-second Congress, First session, a bill to provide for the construction, operation, and maintenance of the Columbia Basin project in Washington, introduced by Mr. Jones and Mr. Dill. 1933: P. W. A. allotment of $15,000,000 was made available to begin construction of the Grand Coulee power dam on the Columbia River, to be 297 feet high (N. I. R. A. Act of June 16, 1933 (48 Stat. 195)). 1934: July 16, contract was let to the Mason Walsh Atkinson & Kier Co. for construction of Grand Coulee Dam and power plant. 1934: December 22, report of the Bureau of Reclamation (R. F. Walter, J. L. Savage, L. N. McClellan, S. O. Harper, W. H. Nalder, B. W. Steele) recommended that (a) The high Grand Coulee Dam be approved for construction and that the present contractor on the low dam be given an order for changes covering an equivalent amount of work on the base of the high dam. (b) The construction of one or more units of the Columbia Basin irrigation project be undertaken immediately to provide a large amount of work relief and also a means of providing irrigated farms for people who have been or will be forced to leave their homes in drought-stricken areas. 1935: April 8, under Emergency Relief Appropriation Act (49 Stat. 115) an allotment of $19,800,000 was received for work on Grand Coulee Dam and $250,000 for surveys. 1935: June 5, a change order, approved by the Secretary of the Interior upon the suggestion of the Bureau of Reclamation, called for the construction of a low dam 177 feet in height, with foundations of sufficient strength to permit economical construction upon it of the high dam, without extensive alteration of the original structure. 1935: August 30, Congress authorized in the Rivers and Harbors bill (49 Stat. 1028) construction of Grand Coulee Dam and validated the contracts in force. 1936: June 22, Interior Appropriation Act for the fiscal year 1937 (49 Stat. 1757) provided $20,750,000 for the Grand Coulee Dam project. 1937: May 27, "An act to prevent speculation in lands in the Columbia Basin prospectively irrigable by reason of the construction of the Grand Coulee Dam project and to aid actual settlers in securing such lands at the fair appraised value thereof as arid land, and for other purposes" (50 Stat. 208). 1937 August 9, Interior Appropriation Act for the fiscal year 1938 (50 Stat. 597) provided $13,000,000 for the Grand Coulee Dam project. 1938: January 28, a contract was awarded to the Consolidated Builders, Inc., for completion to its full height of 550 feet of Grand Coulee Dam, the left powerhouse, and the foundation for the pumping plant. 1938: May 9, Interior Appropriation Act for the fiscal year 1939 (52 Stat. 318) provided $13,000,000 for the Grand Coulee Dam project. 1938: June 21, Emergency Relief Appropriation Act and Public Works Administration (52 Stat. 809) provided $12,005,000 for the Grand Coulee Dam project. 1939: May 10, Interior Appropriation Act for the fiscal year 1940 (53 Stat. 685) provided $23,000,000 for the Grand Coulee Dam project. 1939: July, joint investigations to plan for the successful settlement and development of the Columbia Basin Irrigation project were launched by the Bureau of Reclamation, under leadership of Dr. Harlan H. Barrows, chairman, department of geography, University of Chicago, and William E. Warne, Chief, In formation Division, Bureau of Reclamation. More than 40 Federal, State, and local agencies were designated as participants. 1940: April 6, First Deficiency Act for the fiscal year 1940 (54 Stat. 82) provided $7,000,000 for the Grand Coulee Dam project. 1940: June 18, Interior Appropriation Act for the fiscal year 1941 (54 Stat. 406) provided $12,000,000 for the construction of the Grand Coulee Dam project. 1940: August 26, Executive Order No. 8526 designated the Bonneville Power Administration as the marketing agency for the sale and distribution of power from Grand Coulee and Bonneville Dams. 1941: March 22, two station service generating units, each of 10,000-kilowatt capacity, began service, marking initial power operations at Grand Coulee Dam. 1941: April 1, First Deficiency Act for the fiscal year 1941 provided $7,500,000 for the Grand Coulee Dam project. 1941: June 28, Interior Appropriation Act for the fiscal year 1942 provided $11,000,000 for the Grand Coulee Dam project. 1941: October 4, first 108,000-kilowatt generator begins operating at Grand Coulee Dam. 1941: October 28, Second Supplemental National Defense Act provides $6,000,000 for the Grand Coulee Dam project. 1941: December, construction of the right powerhouse at Grand Coulee Dam was authorized under an extra work order agreement with Consolidated Builders, Inc. 1942: January 1, Bureau of Reclamation took from Consolidated Builders, Inc., remaining work on Grand Coulee Dam, except for the right powerhouse. 1942: January 29, second large 108,000-kilowatt generator began operating at Grand Coulee Dam. 1942: March 4, hearings on H. R. 6522, a bill to amend the Columbia Basin Antispeculation Act of May 27, 1937 (50 Stat. 208). Summary of appropriations and emergency fund allocations, fiscal years 1934–42 N. I. R. A. Act of June 16, 1933 (48 Stat. 195), P. W. A. allot- E. R. A. Act of Apr. 8, 1935 (49 Stat. 115). E. R. A. and P. W. A. Act of June 21, 1938 (52 Stat. 809). Total emergency funds---- Direct appropriations: Interior Appropriation Act: Fiscal year 1937, June 22, 1936 (49 Stat. 1757). First Deficiency Act: Fiscal year 1940, Apr. 6, 1940 (54 Stat. 82). Interior Appropriation Act: Fiscal year 1941, June 18, 1940 (54 Stat. 406). First Deficiency Act: 1$15, 000, 000 1 19, 800, 000 2250,000 12, 055, C00 47,055, 000 20, 750, 000 13, 000, 000 13, 000, 000 23, 000, 000 7, 000, 000 12, 000, 000 Second Supplemental National Defense, Oct. 28, 1941. 7,500,000 11, 000, 000 6, 000, 000 Total direct appropriations__. Total appropriations_. 113, 250, 000 160, 355, 000 1 Grand Coulee. 2 Surveys. The CHAIRMAN. It being after 12 o'clock, if it is agreeable to members of the committee, the committee will now adjourn until tomorrow at 10:30 a. m. (Thereupon, at 12:15 p. m., Wednesday, March 4, 1942, the committee adjourned until 10:30 a. m., Thursday, March 5, 1942.) 69725-42- -5 |