The work of the Foreign Education Section obviously must be restricted to reporting and research activities, since it would be impossible to do promotional work in this field. The section is in charge of the Specialist in Foreign Education Systems. Collaborators. There are numerous volunteer collaborators in various fields of work who receive the nominal stipend of one dollar per annum. They are not assigned to divisions or sections. The number has recently been reduced to forty-nine, and complete elimination of this service is in prospect. "Continuing" or "Stated" Activities. The "continuing" or stated" activities branch of the work includes all of the administrative functions of the bureau' and certain of the technical or prime functions. The divisions under this branch are as follows: 1. Office Proper of the Chief Clerk. 2. Editorial Division. 3. Library Division. 4. Statistics Division. 5. Alaska Division. "Continuing " or " stated "activities divisions are directly under the Chief Clerk, who reports to the Commissioner. Office Proper of the Chief Clerk. The Chief Clerk's Division, in charge of the Chief Clerk, has control of all matters relating to local administration." The division is composed of three sections: 1. Stenographic. 2. Mails and files. 3. Messenger. The Stenographic Section performs all typing and stenographic work, except in special cases where clerks are assigned to certain divisions for such work. 'With the exception of the duties of the Specialist in Charge of Landgrant College Statistics, previously mentioned. The Chief Clerk acts as head of the "continuing activities branch of the work, head of his division, and is in resident authority in the bureau during the absence of the Commissioner. 'Except accounting. See Alaska Division. Receipt, opening, and routing of all mail is under supervision of the Mails and Files Section, as is general routine correspondence, the sending out of mail matter, and the filing of correspondence and general data. General messenger and office-boy service, such as the collection and distribution of mail and inter-office matter, errands, and the like, is under the Messenger Section. Editorial Division. The Editorial Division has charge of the general work of preparing for the printer and issuing the printed and mimeographed matter of the bureau, including the annual statement, biennial survey leaflets, bulletins, circulars, and miscellaneous publications. This division also maintains and supervises the extensive mailing list and addressograph service of the bureau. It is under the Chief of the Editorial Division. Library Division. While the Library Division is included among those which render general service and thus perform administrative duties, much of its work partakes of the nature of research and promotion. It maintains and administers the work of the bureau library, promotes the spread of libraries, disseminates information regarding them, studies and promotes better methods in library work, and stimulates education in the home. This division is under the Director of Library Extension, the home education work, which, strictly speaking (though not so organized), forms a separate section, being under the Director of Home Edu cation. Statistics Division. The Statistics Division under supervision of the Specialist in Educational Statistics, has charge of the work of collecting, classifying, analyzing, coördinating, tabulating, and reporting facts and figures in the general educational field. Alaska Division. The Alaska Division has charge of the education of the natives of Alaska, with all its broad ramifications, activities, and import, the support of the natives and the medical relief of natives. This division is by far the largest and performs the most onerous work of any of the bureau organization units. The division is composed of two sections, or offices: The Washington office, and the Seattle office. Subject to approval by the Commissioner of Education the entire work is directed by the Superintendent of Education of the Natives of Alaska, who originates all policies and estimates. He selects and recommends to the Commissioner for appointment, all field employees. The Washington office acts merely as the central administrative headquarters of the Alaskan service and is charged with no field supervision or duties. It is under the Alaskan Assistant, who, as occasion arises, furnishes to the Commissioner information regarding or explanation of all matters concerning the work of the Alaska Division.10 The Seattle office conducts the work of the division through two general agencies; the Seattle office proper, and the field service. The Seattle office is concerned with the disbursement of funds, the purchase and shipment of supplies, the sale of the products of native industry, and other general administrative detail in connection with the field work of the Alaska Division. The office is directly under the Superintendent of the Education of Natives of Alaska. The field service for purposes of convenient discussion (though not officially so designated) may be divided into two main units: education and medical relief. Both units are directly responsible to the Superintendent of Education of Natives of Alaska, the field service as a whole being concerned with all matters in connection with the Alaska Division not taken care of by the Washington office or the Seattle office proper. The general term "education" covers the school work, social service, emergency medical and surgical care in isolated sections, reindeer raising, and coöperative profit-making enterprises of the natives of Alaska. This comprises the bulk of the activities of the division. For convenience in administration of education of the natives the territory is divided into six districts, each of which is in charge of a District Superintendent of Schools. These districts are: 1. Northwestern. Comprises territory drained by rivers (and their tributaries) which flow into the Arctic Ocean and Kotzebue Sound between Demarcation Point and Cape Espenberg. 2. Seward Peninsula. Comprises territory drained by rivers. (and their tributaries) which flow into the Arctic Ocean, Bering 10 This division includes in the personnel list an accountant, who, though paid from Alaskan funds and officially designated as a member of the Alaska Division, in fact, acts as accountant for the bureau. Formerly, his time was largely devoted to the Alaskan accounts, but since they are now kept in detail only in the Seattle office, this is no longer true. Strait, Bering Sea, and Norton Sound, between Cape Espenberg and Point Romanof; also islands of Small Diomede and St. Lawrence. 3. Western. Comprises territory drained by rivers (and tributaries) flowing into Bering Sea between Point Romanof and Cape Constantine except that part of the Yukon River above the upper mouth of the Innoko River; also Nunivak Island. 4. Upper Yukon. Comprises territory drained by the Yukon (and tributaries) between Canadian boundary line near Eagle and upper mouth of Innoko River. 5. Southwestern. Comprises territory drained by rivers flowing into the Bering Sea and Pacific Ocean between Cape Constantine and Cape Yakataga; also the Aleutian Islands and North Pacific Islands adjacent to the coast. 6. Southeastern. Comprises that part of Alaska lying southeast of a line from Cape Yakataga to Mt. St. Elias. The district superintendents, who are responsible directly to the Superintendent of Education of the Natives of Alaska, have complete charge of schools, social service, general community affairs, support of the natives, coöperative enterprises, and reindeer herding in their districts." The teachers of each school or school district by delegation perform for a smaller area the same duties which devolve in the larger area upon the district superintendents. The work of medical relief for natives is under direct control of the Superintendent of Education of Natives of Alaska in conjunction with the advisory service of an officer of the Public Health Service. Eight physicians who report to him supervise the local work, which is distributed over thirteen different districts. Five hospitals are also maintained under this section. They are located at Noorvik, Nulato, Akiak, Kanakanak, and Juneau. "District superintendents and all employees under them, as well as employees paid out of medical funds, are exempt from civil service requirements. For exemption of education employees, see Executive Order, May 29, 1899. Medical relief, see letter of December 23, 1916, from Civil Service Commission. APPENDIX I OUTLINE OF ORGANIZATION EXPLANATORY NOTE The Outlines of Organization in this series of monographs have for their purpose to make known in detail the organization and personnel possessed by the several services of the national government to which they relate. They have been prepared in accordance with the plan followed by the President's Commission on Economy and Efficiency in the preparation of its outlines of the organization of the United States Government.' They differ from those outlines, however, in that, whereas the commission's report showed only organization units, the presentation herein has been carried far enough to show the personnel embraced in each organization unit. These outlines are of value not merely as an effective means of making known the organization of the several services. If kept revised to date by the services, they constitute exceedingly important tools of administration. They permit the directing personnel to see at a glance the organization and personnel at their disposition. They establish definitely the line of administrative authority and enable each employee to know his place in the system. They furnish the essential basis for making plans for determining costs by organization division and subdivision. They afford the data for a consideration of the problem of classifying and standardizing personnel and compensation. Collectively, they make it possible to determine the number and location of organization divisions of any particular kind, as, for example, laboratories, libraries, blue-print rooms, or any other kind of plant possessed by the national government, to what services they are attached and where they are located, or to determine what services are maintaining stations at any city or point in the United States. The institute 1 House Doc. 458, 62d Congress, 2d Session, 1912, 2 vols. ΙΟΙ |