127. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1904, pt. 4, Savannah, Ogeechee, and Altamaha rivers and eastern Gulf of Mexico drainages. 128. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1904, pt. 5, eastern Mississippi River drainage.

129. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1904, pt. 6, Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River drainages.

130. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1904, pt. 7, Hudson Bay and Minnesota, Wapsipinicon, Iowa, Des Moines, and Missouri River drainages.

131. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1904, pt. 8, Platte, Kansas, Meramec, Arkansas, and Red River drainages.

132. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1904, pt. 9, western Gulf of Mexico and Rio Grande drainages.

133. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1904, pt. 10, Colorado River and Great Basin drainages.

134. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1904, pt. 11, the Great Basin and Pacific Ocean drainages in California.

135. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1904, pt. 12, Columbia River and Puget Sound drainages.

147. Destructive floods in the United States in 1904.

150. Weir experiments, coefficients, and formulas.

156. Water powers of northern Wisconsin.

165. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1905, pt. 1, Atlantic coast of New England drainage.

166. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1905, pt. 2, Hudson, Passaic, Raritan, and Delaware River drainages.

167. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1905, pt. 3, Susquehanna, Gunpowder, Patapsco, James, Roanoke, Cape Fear, and Yadkin River drainages.

168. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1905, pt. 4, Santee, Savannah, Ogeechee, and Altamaha rivers and eastern Gulf of Mexico drainages.

169. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1905, pt. 5, lower eastern Mississippi and Ohio River drainages.

171. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1905, pt. 8, Hudson Bay and upper eastern and western Mississippi River drainages.

The following papers are in press:

162. Destructive floods in the United States in 1905.

170. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1905, pt. 6, Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River drainages.

172. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1905, pt. 8, Missouri River drainage.

173. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1905, pt. 9, Meramec, Arkansas, Red, and lower western Mississippi River drainages.

174. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1905, pt. 10, western Gulf of Mexico and Rio Grande drainages.

176. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1905, pt. 12, Great Basin drainage.

178. Report of progress of stream measurements for the calendar year 1905, pt. 14, Columbia River and Puget Sound drainages.

180. Turbine water-wheel tests and power tables.

DIVISION OF HYDROLOGY.

The scope of the activities of this division remained unchanged during the fiscal year, its work including the investigation of the occurrence and development of underground waters. The two sections, the eastern and the western, had the same areas as in the previous year, the field of the first embracing the States east of Mississippi River and those bordering that river on the west, and that of the second including the so-called reclamation States and Territories and Texas.

COOPERATION WITH STATES.

There was less cooperative work with State organizations than in previous years, altho such work was conducted in a number of localities. In Connecticut the State survey aided in the investigation of underground waters by contributing information for a geologic map and otherwise assisting in the work. In Virginia the State survey cooperated in an investigation of the wells and springs, and a preliminary paper is expected to appear as a State report. In North Carolina both State and United States surveys worked on the underground waters under an arrangement whereby duplication of work is avoided. The Geological Survey of Georgia continued to act with this Survey in certain investigations, while a cooperative report was prepared with Alabama. Active field cooperation was continued in Iowa, the detailed investigation of the underground waters being nearly completed at the end of the year. Field cooperation in the study of the underground waters east of St. Louis was begun with the Illinois Geological Survey.

GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS.

The work of collecting well records and samples, the methods of which were described in detail in the report of the last fiscal year, was continued under the same plan. The work was extended during the year to nearly every State and Territory, especial attention being given to wild-cat wells and to wells in relatively little known fields. Borings for oil and gas as well as for water are included in the scope of this work. Nearly 2,000 records have been studied, and upward of 12,000 samples, including sets from about 900 wells and borings, have been examined, classified, labeled, and filed. The furnishing of expert advice to those applying for information concerning the occurrence of oil, gas, and artesian water, and for the interpretation of samples and records, was, as in the previous year, one of the most important parts of the work. The Survey was called upon by numerous State surveys, including Maryland, Alabama, Michigan, Kentucky, Iowa, Missouri, and Illinois, to supply records, and by the Geological Survey of Canada to furnish information as to the methods and appliances for collecting logs and samples.

Statistics of production and value of table and medicinal waters were collected for publication in the annual volume, Mineral Resources of the United States. A report on the occurrence, uses, and output of carbon dioxide was also compiled for publication.

The work on the general bibliography of underground-water papers appearing before 1905 was continued during the year, such time being devoted to it as could be spared from other work. It is hoped that it can be completed during the present fiscal year. In the meantime bibliographies of the current literature are being prepared, one covering all publications appearing in the United States in 1905 having already been submitted for publication.

The compilation of tables relating to the discharge of wells, composition of water, and numerous other problems encountered in underground-water investigation was completed, with the exception of certain discharge tables which are awaiting the results of experimental investigations on the relation of flow to height of jet now being conducted at the laboratories of Cornell University.

A general investigation of the methods of deep drilling in the various States in the East and in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas was made during the year, and the results were compiled for publication.

EASTERN SECTION.

WORK BY STATES.

Maine. The collection of well, spring, and city water-supply statistics was completed and a detailed investigation of the geologic occurrence of water in granites, slates, limestones, and clays was begun.

New Hampshire.-The water supplies of the drift, including clays, river gravels, and drumlins, have been investigated in the southeastern portion of the State.

Massachusetts.-Studies of underground-water conditions in the Cape Cod region were conducted during the year. In the investigation of these certain problems of geologic correlation arose, which demanded the examination of areas outside the limits of the country. To supply this information, two members of the section visited Nova Scotia, Newfoundland, and Labrador, at private expense.

Connecticut.-Special attention was given to the occurrence of waters in the crystalline rocks of the State, with the object of obtaining accurate information on a number of points in regard to which there was general misapprehension on the part of the people. These included the prospects of obtaining water, the quantity and quality of the supply, the head in the wells, the most favorable locations for drilling, the depth to be drilled, etc.

New York.-Work on the mineral springs of the State, begun in 1903, was continued, a considerable amount of additional information was procured by correspondence, and much of the report was prepared. Virginia. The data collected in the previous fiscal year were compiled as a statistical report on wells and springs, to be published according to plans of cooperation by the State Geological Survey. A field investigation was also made of the underground waters of the Triassic rocks near Manassas.

North Carolina.-A party spent several months in the fall of 1905 in a study of the artesian waters in the Coastal Plain region about Wilmington and directed drilling operations in that region. A paleontologic study to determine the stratigraphy and structure of the water-bearing deposits was also taken up in June in connection with the work of the geologic branch, while another party investigated the waters of the Piedmont Plateau. Special investigations were also made of the ground-water conditions at Tarboro and Pinehurst.

South Carolina.-Portions of the Coastal Plain region in the northeastern part of the State were examined in connection with the studies of the underground waters of the Wilmington region of North Carolina.

Georgia. The investigations in this State were limited to an examination of the mineral springs at Austell and of the large springs in Chickamauga Park and at Albany, to the study of blowing wells and springs, and to the investigation of the pollution of the water supply at Fort Oglethorpe in Chickamauga Park.

Florida. A study of the practise and results of draining wet lands by wells and of the disposal of sewage thru borings was begun.

Alabama. Field work was completed and a report prepared on the artesian waters of Alabama. This will be published as a State report. Mississippi.-A report on the artesian waters of the State was completed and submitted for publication.

Tennessee and Kentucky.-A report on the underground waters of the Mississippi embayment area, or the territory lying west of Tennessee River, was finished and will be published as a water-supply paper.

Arkansas.-Field work on the underground waters in northeastern Arkansas was completed and the preparation of a report begun.

Missouri. The examination of the underground waters was completed early in the fiscal year and a report prepared and submitted for publication.

Iowa.-Considerable work was done on the artesian waters and the waters of the drift during the year. It is expected that it will be possible to complete these studies in 1906.

Minnesota.-Progress was made on the report which is being prepared by a local geologist on the underground waters of the State.

Michigan. Two reports on the water supplies of the southern peninsula, based on joint work by the glacial division of the geologic branch and the eastern section of hydrology, and a short report on the underground waters of the northern peninsula were prepared.

Illinois. A detailed study of the ground waters of the district opposite St. Louis was begun, in cooperation with the State Geological Survey, which will contribute a large number of analyses.

PUBLICATIONS.

The following publications were issued:

Water-Supply Paper 145. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States. Professional Paper 44. Underground-water resources of Long Island, New York.

The following papers are in the hands of the printer:

Water-supply papers:

155. Fluctuations of water level in wells.

159. Summary of the underground-water resources of Mississippi. 160. Underground water papers.

163. Bibliographic review and index of underground-water literature published in the United States in 1905.

164. Underground-water resources of Tennessee and Kentucky west of Tennessee River and of an adjacent area in Illinois.

182. Flowing wells and municipal water supplies in the southern portion of the Southern Peninsula of Michigan.

183. Flowing wells and municipal water supplies in the northern and central portions of the Southern Peninsula of Michigan.

Professional paper:

46. Geology and underground waters of northern Louisiana and southern Arkansas.

WESTERN SECTION.

WORK BY STATES AND TERRITORIES.

Arizona. -No new field work was done in this Territory, but progress was made in the preparation of two reports on investigations of previous seasons. One of these relates to the northwest corner of the Territory, and the other to the High Plateau region eastward.

California. The work in the southwestern portion of this State was continued during a portion of the year, and a detailed investigation was begun of the underground-water conditions in the San Joaquin Valley. The report on the underground-water supplies in Owens Valley was completed and transmitted for publication.

Colorado.-No new field work was done in this State, but several reports presenting results of investigations made during previous seasons were prepared. The most extensive of these relates to the Arkansas Valley artesian area and is now in press (Professional Paper No. 52). It contains maps showing the geology, depths to Dakota sandstone, wells, flow area, intake zone, and other features, and cross sections illustrating the underground relations. In the Nepesta folio,