93 sculptured emblems, History pauses at the title of Green'wich,' which was to die with him. Eloquence,' with outstretched hand, in an attitude which won Canova's special praise,' represents the thunder' 2 and persuasion "3 described by the poets of his age. The inscription which History is recording, and which was supplied by the poet Paul Whitehead, and the volumes of Demosthenes' and Cæsar's Commentaries,' which lie at the foot of Eloquence, commemorate his union of military and oratorical fame; whilst his Whig principles are represented in the sculptured Temple of Liberty and a cherub holding up Magna Charta. Walpole died at Houghton, and was interred in the parish church without monument or inscription: So peaceful rests, without a stone, a name Which once had honour, titles, wealth, and fame.5 But he is commemorated in the Abbey by the monument of his first wife, Catherine Shorter, whose beauty, with the good looks of his own youth, caused them to be known as 'the Lady Walpole, died Aug. 20, 1737. Her statue. handsome couple.' The position of her statue, in the south aisle of Henry VII.'s Chapel, is one to which nothing less than her husband's fame would have entitled her. It was erected by Horace Walpole, her youngest son, and remains a striking proof both of his affection for her and his love of art. The statue itself was copied in Rome from the famous figure of Modesty,' and the inscription, written by himself, perpetuates the memory of her excellence: An ornament to courts, untainted by them.' If the story be true, that Horace was really the son of Lord Hervey, it is remarkable as showing his unconsciousness of the suspicion of his mother's honour. He murmured a good deal at having to pay forty pounds for the ground of the statue, but at last,' he says, 'the monument for my mother is erected: it puts me ' in mind of the manner of interring the Kings of France' when the reigning one dies, the last before him is buried. • Will you believe that I have not yet seen the tomb? None of my acquaintance were in town, and I literally had not courage to venture alone among the Westminster boys; they are as formidable to me as the ship-carpenters at 'Portsmouth."1 A the Pulteney, Baro Bath, died buried July July 7 17, 1764. Pulteney, after his long struggles, determined, when he had reached his peerage, to be buried in the Abbey, which he had known from his childhood as a Westminster boy. vault was constructed for himself and his family in Islip Chapel,' and there, in his eightieth year, his obsequies were performed by his favourite Bishop Zachary Pearce.3 In the pressure to see his funeral His funeral. (which, as usual, took place at night), a throng of spectators stood on the tomb of Edward I., opposite the vault. A mob broke in, and, in the alarm created by the confusion, the gentlemen tore down the canopy of the royal tomb, and defended the pass of the steps leading into the Confessor's Chapel with their drawn swords and the broken rafters of the canopy. Pelham's career is celebrated by the monument to his very faithful' secretary, Roberts, in the South Roberts, Transept. His brother the Duke of Newcastle is Secretary of faintly recalled by the monument on the opposite side 1776. to Robinson, who was distinguished by the name of Long Sir Thomas Robinson.' 'He was a man of the world, or rather ' of the town, and a great pest to persons of high rank, or in 'office. He was very troublesome to the late Duke of Newcastle, and when in his visits to him he was told that His Grace had gone out, would desire to be admitted to look at the clock or to play with a monkey that was kept in the hall, ' in hopes of being sent for in to the Duke. This he had so 1 Walpole's Letters, i. 352. 2 Probably attracted by the grave of Jane Crewe, heiress of the Pulteneys in 1639, whose pretty monument is over the chapel door. The most conspicuous monument in the Cloisters is that of David Pulteney, who died September 7, 1731, buried May 17, 1732. (Register.) He was M.P. for Preston, and in 1722 a Lord of the Admiralty. It seems that the independence which is so lauded in this epitaph showed itself in his opposition to Walpole, and his defence of free trade and of the interests of the British merchants abroad (see Parliamentary History, viii. 1, 608, 647). Gent. Mag. 1817, part i. p. 33.The antiquary Carter was present, as a Pelham, boy: 'I stood, with many others, on 'the top of the tomb. . . . A dreadful 'conflict ensued. Darkness soon closed 'the scene.' (Ibid. 1799, part ii. p. 859.) 5 Hawkins' Johnson, p. 192, which erroneously states that he 'rests in the 'Abbey.' He was called Long' from his stature, to distinguish him from the German Sir Thomas Robinson of the same date, who was a diplomatist. Long Sir Thomas Robinson is dying by 'inches,' said some one to Chesterfield. Then it will be some time before he 'dies.' The appointment to the governorship of Barbadoes, mentioned on his monument, was given to him because Lord Lincoln wanted his house. (Walpole's Letters, i. 22; vi. 247.) 6 frequently done, that all in the house were tired of him. 'At length it was concocted among the servants that he should ' receive a summary answer to his usual questions, and ac'cordingly, at his next coming, the porter, as soon as he had ' opened the gate, and without waiting for what he had to say, 'dismissed him in these words: Sir, his Grace has gone out, the clock stands, and the monkey is dead.' His epitaph commemorates his successful career in Barbadoes, and 'the ' accomplished woman, agreeable companion, and sincere friend' he found in his wife. General buried Oct. Marshal March 21, The rebellion of 1745 has left its trace in the tablet erected in the North Transept to General Guest,' who closed 'a service of sixty years by faithfully defending 'Edinburgh Castle against the rebels' in 1745;' and in the elaborate monument of Roubiliac, in the Nave, Wade, buried to Marshal Wade, whose military roads, famous in the well-known Scottish proverb, achieved the subjugation of the Highlands. A cenotaph in the East Cloister celebrates two affectionate brothers, valiant soldiers and sincere Christians,' Scipio and Alexander Duroure, of whom the first fell at Fontenoy in 1745; and the second was buried here in 1765, after fifty-seven years of faithful service. 1747-8, near the Choir gate, The Duroures, 1745, 1765. Following the line of the eye, and erected by the great sculptor just named-who seems for these few years to have attained a sway over the Abbey more complete than any of those whose trophies he raised-are the memorials of two friends, 're'markable for their monuments in Westminster Abbey,' but General for little beside. That to General Fleming was Fleming, March 30, 1751; General Hargrave, Feb. 2, 1750-1; erected by Sir John Fleming, who also lies there, to 'the memory of his uncle, and his best of friends.' 2 That to General Hargrave appears to have provoked a both buried burst of general indignation at the time. It was believed to have been raised to him merely on account of his wealth. At the time it was thought that Europe could not show a parallel to it.'4 Now, the significance of the near the Choir gate. Citizen of the World, p. 46.) It was said that a wag had written under the figure struggling from the tomb, Lie 'still if you're wise; you'll be damned if you rise.' (Hutton's London Tour.) Malcolm, p. 169. falling pyramids has been so lost, that they have even been brought forward as a complaint against the Dean and Chapter for allowing the monuments to go to ruin. It was at this time that Goldsmith uttered his complaint: 'I find in Westminster Abbey several new monuments erected 'to the memory of several great men. The names of Roubiliac's the great men I absolutely forget, but I well re- monuments. 'member that Roubiliac was the statuary who carved them. ... Alas! alas! cried I, such monuments as these confer 'honour not on the great men, but on little Roubiliac.'1 But the sculptor himself was never satisfied. He constantly visited Dr. Johnson to get from him epitaphs worthy of his works." He used to come and stand before his best work,' the monument of Wade, and weep to think that it was put too high to be appreciated.3 The Nightingale tomb was probably admitted more for his sake than for that of the mourners. Yet when he came back from Rome, and once more saw his own sculptures in the Abbey, he had the magnanimity to exclaim, with the true candour of genius,' By God! my own works looked to me as meagre and starved as if they had been made of tobacco 'pipes.' April 27, Sir Thomas Hardy, Aug. 24, 1732; The successors of Marlborough by land and sea still carry on the line of warriors, now chiefly in the Nave. At the west end is the tablet of Captain William Horneck, the William earliest of English engineers, who learned his mili- Horneck, tary science under the Duke of Marlborough, and 1746. is buried in his father's grave in the South Transept. There also is told the story of Sir Thomas Hardy-descendant of the protector of Henry VII. on his voyage from Brittany to England, and ancestor of the companion of Nelson-who, for his services under Sir George Rooke, lies buried (with his wife) near the west end of the Choir. There, too, is the first monument erected by Parliament to naval heroism-the gigantic memorial of the noble but now forgotten death of Captain Cornewall, in Cornewall, the battle off Toulon; and, close upon it, the yet er, died more prodigious mass of rocks, clouds, sea, and June 6, 1766. ship, to commemorate the peaceful death of Admiral Tyrrell.4 1 Goldsmith. Life of Reynolds, i. 119. 9 Akermann, ii. 37. 4 The idea of the monument seems to May 3, 1720. Tyrrell, be to represent the Resurrection under difficulties. Tyrrell, though he died on land, was buried in the sea, and is sculptured as rising out of it. Com Baker, died Nov. 20, Saumarez, at Plymouth. Balchen, In the North Transept and the north aisle of the Choir follow the cenotaphs of a host of seamen-Baker, who died at Portmahon; Saumarez, who fought from his sixteenth to his thirty-seventh year under Anson and Hawke; the good but unfortunate' Balchen, lost at sea; 1747, buried Temple West, his son-in-law; Vernon, celebrated for his fleet near Portobello lying'; Lord Aubrey Beauclerk, the gallant son of the first Duke of St. Albans, who fell under Vernon at Carthagena, and whose epitaph is ascribed to Young; and Warren, represented by Roubiliac with the marks of the small-pox on his face. Wager, celebrated for his fair character,' who in his youth had fought in the service of the American Quaker, Captain Hull, is buried in the North Transept,' and Admiral Holmes is near St. Paul's Chapel. 1744. Temple West, 1757. Vernon, 1751. Beauclerk, 1740. Warren, 1752. Wager, buried in North Transept, 1743. Holmes, 1761. The narrow circle of these names takes a wider sweep as, with the advance of the century, the Colonial Empire starts up under the mighty reign of Chatham. Now for the first time India on one side, and North America on the other, leap into the Abbey. The palm-trees and Oriental chiefs on the Admiral buried at Sir Eyre Coote, buried 1783. 2 monument of Admiral Watson recall his achievements at the Black Hole of Calcutta, and at Chandernagore;' as the elephant and Mahratta captive on that of Sir Eyre Coote, and the hill of Trichinopoly on that of at Rockburn, General Lawrence, recall, a few years later, the glories of Coromandel and the Carnatic. George Montague, Earl of Halifax, Father of the Colonies,' from whom the capital of Nova Scotia takes its name, is commemorated in the North Transept; Massachusetts 3 and Ticonderoga, not yet divided from us, appear on the Lawrence, 1775. George Montague, Earl of Halifax, 1771. pare the like thought in the bequest of William Glanville in the churchyard at Wotton, who, when his father was buried in the Goodwin Sands, and he six yards deep in the earth, left an injunction, still observed, that the apprentices of the parish should, over his grave, on the anniversary of his death, recite the Creed, the Lord's Prayer, and the Ten Commandments, and read 1 Cor. xv. There was never any man that 'behaved himself in the Straits (of 'Gibraltar) like poor Charles Wager, 'whom the very Moors do mention with tears sometimes.' (Pepys, iv. 1668.) Old Sir Charles Wager is dead at last, and has left the fairest character.' (Walpole, i. 248.) 2 Gideon Loten, governor of Batavia, with Ps. xv. 1-4 for his character, has a tablet in the North Aisle (1789). 3 Massachusetts is the female figure on the top of the monument. It was executed by Schumberg. Ticonderoga appears also on the monument, not far off, of Colonel Townsend, executed by T. Townsend, Carter. 'Here,' says the killed July sculptor's antiquarian son, 25, 1757. I recall my juvenile years. I then 'loved the hand that gave form to the 'yielding marble. I now revere his memory, deeper engraved on my |