gladly lead good ones, but do not know how to make the change. They have frequently resolved and endeavoured it; but in vain, because their endeavours have not been properly conducted."

Franklin was a journeyman compositor in a printing office in London, and rose from that condition to be a great philosopher and legislator, and to "stand before kings." Without the frugal use of means, the want of which keeps so many of our toiling millions poor, it never could have been. He said in one of his Essays, written more than a hundred and fifty years ago :—

"Remember that time is money. He that can earn ten shillings a day by his labour, and goes abroad, or sits idle one half of that day, though he spends but sixpence during his diversion or idleness, ought not to reckon that the only expense; he has really spent, or rather thrown away, five shillings besides.

"Remember that credit is money. If a man lets his money lie in my hands after it is due, he gives me the interest, or so much as I can make of it during that time. This amounts to a considerable sum where a man has good and large credit, and makes good use of it.

"Remember that money is of a prolific, generating nature. Money can beget money, and its offspring can beget more, and so on. Five shillings turned is six; turned again it is seven and threepence; and so on till it becomes an hundred pounds. The more there is of it, the more it produces every turning, so that the profits rise quicker and quicker. He that

kills a breeding sow, destroys all her offspring to the thousandth generation. He that murders a crown, destroys all that it might have produced, even scores of pounds.

"Remember that six pounds a year is but a groat a day. For this little sum (which may be daily wasted either in time or expense, unperceived), a man of credit may, on his own security, have the constant possession and use of an hundred pounds. So much in stock, briskly turned by an industrious man, produces great advantage.

"Remember this saying, 'The good paymaster is lord of another man's purse.' He that is known to pay punctually and exactly to the time he promises may at any time, and on any occasion, raise all the money his friends can spare. This is sometimes of great use. After industry and frugality, nothing contributes more to the raising of a young man in the world than punctuality and justice in all his dealings; therefore never keep borrowed money an hour beyond the time you promised, lest a disappointment shut up your friend's purse for ever.

"The most trifling actions that affect a man's credit are to be regarded. The sound of your hammer at five in the morning, or nine at night, heard by a creditor, makes him easy six months longer; but if he sees you at a billiard-table, or hears your voice at a tavern, when you should be at work, he sends for his money the next day; demands it before he can receive it in a lump.

"It shows, besides, that you are mindful of what

you owe; it makes you appear a careful as well as an honest man, and that still increases your credit.

“Beware of thinking all your own that you possess and of living accordingly. It is a mistake that many people who have credit fall into. To prevent this, keep an exact account, for some time, both of your expenses and your income. If you take the pains at first to mention particulars, it will have this good effect, you will discover how wonderfully small trifling expenses mount up to large sums, and will discern what might have been, and may for the future be saved, without occasioning any great inconvenience.

"In short, the way to wealth, if you desire it, is as plain as the way to market. It depends chiefly on two words, industry and frugality; that is, waste neither time nor money, but make the best use of both. Without industry and frugality nothing will do, and with them everything. He that gets all he can honestly, and saves all he gets (necessary expenses excepted), will certainly become rich—if that Being, who governs the world, to whom all should look for a blessing on their honest endeavours, doth not in His wise providence otherwise determine.

"The use of money is all the advantage there is in having money.

"For six pounds a year you may have the use of one hundred pounds, provided you are a man of known prudence and honesty.

"He that spends a groat a day idle, spends idly above six pounds a year, which is the price for the use of one hundred pounds.

"He that wastes idly a groat's worth of his time per day, one day with another, wastes the privilege of using one hundred pounds each day.

"He that idly loses five shillings' worth of time loses five shillings, and might as prudently throw five shillings into the sea.

"He that loses five shillings, not only loses that sum, but all the advantages that might be made by turning it in dealing; which, by the time that a young man becomes old, will amount to a considerable sum of money.

"In buying goods, it is best to pay ready money, because, he that sells upon credit, expects to lose 5 per cent. by bad debts; therefore he charges, on all he sells upon credit, an advance that shall make up that deficiency.

"Those who pay for what they buy upon credit, pay their share of this advance.

"He that pays ready money, escapes, or may escape, that charge.

"A penny sav'd is twopence clear;
A pin a day's a* groat a year.'"

Falmouth. A port in Cornwall,
in the West of England, with
a harbour. It was formerly
more used by vessels than it
is now--since other harbours
have been built on various
parts of the coast.
Lighthouse. Usually a tower

in which a light is always
kept burning-to be seen at
sea from a great distance, to

warn ships of a dangerous coast. Sometimes a lighthouse is placed on a rock in the sea, or a light is kept burning in a ship which is safely anchored near rocks or sands that are to be avoided. Groat. An old-fashioned name for four pennies. A Dutch coin called a "groot" is of the same value.

"Neither a borrower nor a lender be,

For loan oft loses both itself and friend;

And borrowing dulls the edge of husbandry."—Hamlet.

DR. SMILES says: "Man must prepare in youth and middle age the means of enjoying old age pleasantly and happily." This is often not the case, especially at the present time, when extravagance in all ranks is the fashion. The young man now often spends, or desires to spend, quite as liberally as his father, who has worked and saved in his youth. He begins life when his father leaves off; he spends more than his father did at his age, and soon finds himself in debt. In order to satisfy his incessant wants, he resorts to unscrupulous ways of making money, and does not keep in the straight path of honesty, being only anxious to win in the "race for wealth." Some will tell us that they cannot save; they are content to say, it "can't be done," but "can't" is the ruin of men and nations. In fact there is no greater cant than can't. It is often said that Knowledge is power, but never that Ignorance is power.