appropriation made specifically for the work. If there be no such appropriation, payment will be made by the Pay Department.-[G. O. 97, 1876.] 2431. Officers of the Army and civilians serving on the Light-House Board are under the orders of the Treasury Department, and when traveling under its orders receive no travel allowance from Army appropriations.-[Sec. War, Oct. 6, 1876.] 2432. No officer shall have orders to attend personally at Washington to the settlement of his accounts, except by order of the Secretary of War on the report of the Bureau, or of the Treasury, showing a necessity therefor.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1120.] 2433. Mileage for travel of officers of the Army summoned to testify before committees of Congress is not viewed as a proper charge upon appropriations for the support of the Army. Commanding officers will be careful to grant permissions in such cases, and not issue orders to appear.-[G. O. 17, 1880.] 2434. Officers and enlisted men appearing as witnesses for the Government before any court of the United States are entitled, under the Statutes (§ 850, R. S.), to receive their necessary expenses in going, returning, and attendance on the court; but, as they continue to receive pay for their ordinary services as officials of the Government, they are not entitled to receive any mileage or witness fees. Accounts for necessary expenses must be itemized and sworn to, when, upon the orders of the Department of Justice, they will be paid by the United States marshal who served the summons. In any case where the witness has been paid mileage or furnished transportation in kind by the military authorities, to enable him to perform the requisite journey, the account of such expenditure should be forwarded to the War Department for reimbursement of the amount by the Department of Justice. 40.14/84 Officers of the Army who pay mileage or furnish transportation in kind to witnesses COMMUTATION OF QUARTERS. 2436. Officers on duty without troops at places where there are no public quarters are alone entitled to commutation, which will be paid by the Pay Department at the rate authorized by the act approved June 23, 1879.-[G. O. 83, 1880.] 2137. A military "station" is merely synonymous with military "post." In each ease it means not an ordinary residence, having nothing military about it except that one of its occupants holds a military commission, but a place where military duty is performed or stores are kept or distributed, or something connected with war or arins is kept or done.-[Dec. Sup. Court, in G. O. 44, 1877.] 2438. Commutation of quarters will be paid only at the station for which it is claimed, and by the senior disbursing Paymaster thereat, or, if there be no Paymaster at the station, by the Chief Paymaster of the Department, or such of his subordinates as he may designate upon the officer's application.-[G. O. 66, 1878.] 2439. The first voucher, in each case, for commutation at any station, must be accompanied with a copy of the order, or other authority, assigning the officers to duty thereat. On subsequent vouchers for commutation at same station, under the same order, the Paymaster will make reference, by number, &c., to the voucher and account with which the order is filed.-[G. O. 66, 1878.] 2440. When a.Paymaster is relieved from duty at a station, or in case of his prolonged absence therefrom, he will furnish to his successor, or, if the station be broken up, to his Chief Paymaster, a certified statement setting forth the name and grade of each officer who is then upon his list for commutation of quarters, together with the number, &c., of his voucher with which the officer's order is filed.-[G. O. 66, 1878.] 2441. An officer does not lose his right to quarters at his permanent station while temporarily absent therefrom on a Court-Martial or Court of Inquiry, and can only acquire the right to commutation by a bona fide vacation of his quarters in case the Court meets at a place where there are no public quarters.—[G. O. 5, 1881.] 2442. When the command to which an officer belongs changes station during his temporary absence, he loses his right to quarters from the time it changes station, and does not acquire the right at its new station until he has reported for duty thereat. 8.0.114/82 8.0.134.82 He is therefore entitled, meantime, to quarters at the station where the Court of which he is a member is in session.-[G. O. 76, 1869.] 2443. When an officer detailed on a Court is rightly entitled to quarters where the Court is sitting, the allowance will be furnished in kind when practicable. When this is not practicable commutation will be paid. In either case requisition must be made for the quarters according to the Regulations.-[G. O. 76, 1869.] 2444. The following officers are entitled to the allowance of quarters, and to purchase fuel at the legal rates: Officers who, for the convenience of the Government, are directed to await orders for a limited period at a designated station where there are no public quarters until the proper time arrives for giving them specific orders.-[G. O. 78, 1877.] STOPPAGES OF PAY. 2445. When, by report of the Second Comptroller of the Treasury, or of any Bureau of the War Department, it is ascertained that an officer of the Army has been overpaid, or is indebted to the United States for money, property, or supplies, or has failed properly to account for the same, the Paymaster General will notify the officer of the charge. If refundment or satisfactory explanation be not made within a reasonable time, the Paymaster General will, on the order of the Secretary of War, give notice of the stoppage of the officer's pay until the overpayment or indebtedness is satisfied. Should the officer in his explanation appeal to the Secretary of War, the Paymaster General will submit the case for decision before enforcement of the stoppage (vide paragraph 2446, Regulations).-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1350; G. O. 119, 1877.] 2446. The notice of stoppage of officers' pay will take the form of a monthly circular to Paymasters, advising them of stoppages in force at its date. This circular will be submitted to the Secretary of War for his approval prior to publication. When an officer's name is borne upon this circular, no payment of salary will be made to him which is not in accordance with the stoppage entry in the case. Paymasters disregarding this requirement in any case will be held liable for the amount of the stoppage.-[G. O. 119, 1877.] 2447. Overpayments to an officer are to be deducted on first payment after notice of stoppage, even if the pay accounts have been assigned. The assignee takes the account subject to all risks of stoppage.—[P. M. G., Apr. 9, 1862.] PAYMENT OF ENLISTED MEN. 2448. When a company is paraded for payment, the officer in command of it shall 10.84 attend the pay-table, and witness the payment.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1341.] 2449. The Paymaster will deduct from the pay of all enlisted men twelve and a half cents per month for the support of the "Soldiers' Home," and also the amount of the authorized stoppages entered on the muster-roll, descriptive-list, or certificate of discharge. [Regs. 1863, ¶ 1364.] 2450. The ordinary rates of pay are found in sections 1261 to 1288, inclusive, Revised Statutes. RE-ENLISTMENT PAY. 2451. The rate of pay prescribed in section 1282, Revised Statutes, is payable to the following classes of men: 1. Those who are entitled to longevity pay for re-enlistment under the provisions of the act of August 4, 1854. 2. Those who have at any time re-enlisted under the terms of that act, though not entitled to longevity pay thereunder because of failure to remain continuously in service. Men of class 1 will be indicated on the muster-rolls by the remarks prescribed in paragraph 2453. Those of class 2 will be indicated by the remark: "Entitled to re-enlistment pay." Lack of sufficient evidence to establish a claim to re-enlistment pay will be supplied by application to the Adjutant General.-[G. O. 51, 1872.] 2452. Men serving under a second, third, fourth, &c., enlistment, but who never "re-enlisted" under the act of August 4, 1854, will only be entitled to the pay provided in sections 1280 and 1281, Revised Statutes.-[G. O. 51, 1872.] LONGEVITY PAY OF ENLISTED MEN. 2453. Under section 1284, Revised Statutes, a soldier who completes a term of five years' continuous service, and re-enlists within thirty days thereafter, is entitled to an additional allowance of $2 per month; and for each successive and continuous re-enlistment under the same conditions he is entitled to a further addition of $1 per month. The rate of allowance is indicated on the rolls by the remark: "$2 per mo. for five years' continuous service"; "$3 per mo. for ten years' continuous service"; "84 per mo. for fifteen years' continuous service," &c.—[G. O. 18, 1876.] RETAINED PAY. 2454. The retained pay provided for the discharged soldier, "but to be forfeited unless he shall have served honestly and faithfully to the date of discharge," by sections 1281 and 1282, Revised Statutes, shall be withheld for the following causes, either of which shall be noted on the final statements: 1. Desertion during the period of enlistment. 2. When discharged (by way of punishment for an offense) before expiration of term of service by sentence of Court-Martial, or by order from the War Department specifying that such forfeiture shall be made. 3. Conviction and imprisonment by the civil authorities. 4. When discharged as a minor, or for other cause involving fraud on his part in the enlistment. 5. Repeated trials by Court-Martial and punishments for misconduct, of which timely report shall be made to the War Department and approved as basis of forfeiture. In which case the soldier shall be discharged without character, and shall not be re-enlisted.-[G. O. 51, 1872.] PAY ON CERTIFICATE OF MERIT. 2455. The extra pay of two dollars a month to a private soldier, in virtue of a certificate of merit, granted in accordance with sections 1216 and 1285, Revised Statutes, will commence at the date of the service for which the certificate is given, and continues while the soldier remains continuously in service as an enlisted man.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1365; G. O. 28, 1878.] DEPOSITS. 2456. The following are the regulations established under section 1307, Revised Statutes:-[G. O. 51, 1872; G. O. 38, 1877; G. O. 108, 1879.] All enlisted men present for payment with their companies or detachments shall receipt upon the pay-roll for amounts due them thereon. Soldiers may deposit with the Paymaster any portion of their savings, in sums not less than five dollars, the same to remain so deposited until final payment on discharge. The Paymaster will furnish each depositor with a deposit-book, in which each deposit made will be entered in the form of a certificate, signed by the Paymaster and the company commander, setting forth the date, place, and amount (in words and figures) of deposit, and the name of soldier making same. The company commander shall keep in the company record-book an account of every deposit made by the soldier; and after each regular payment he, and all officers having charge of distinct detachments of enlisted men at date of deposit, shall transmit direct to the Paymaster General a list of names of depositors, showing in each case the date, place, and amount of deposit, and name of Paymaster receiving the same. In case a soldier who has made a former deposit has been transferred to another company or regiment, or is made Ordnance Sergeant, or Commissary Sergeant, or Hospital Steward, the fact of such transfer shall be noted in the list sent to the Paymaster General, so that the identity of the depositor may be matter of record in the office of the Paymaster General. In case of the transfer of a soldier, his descriptive-roll will be made to exhibit the date and amount of each separate deposit. On the discharge of a soldier, the date and amount (in words and figures) of each deposit will be entered upon his final statements; and his deposit-book will be taken up by the Paymaster who makes final payment, and filed with his voucher. Before delivering to discharged soldiers final statements upon which deposits are credited, the officer signing the statements will ascertain if the soldier has the depositbook in his possession. If so, he should be instructed to present it, with his final statements, to the Paymaster. Should he claim to have lost the deposit-book, the officer will cause the soldier's affidavit to the facts to be made (before a Judge Advocate or Post Adjutant) in duplicate and attached to the statements. The affidavit should clearly set forth the facts and circumstances of loss of the book, and that the soldier has not sold or assigned it. Upon this evidence the Paymaster may pay without the deposit-book, and the responsibility for the correctness of the amounts credited on the statements will rest wholly with the officer certifying them. G.9.10. 5.0.64 83 8.0.89.83 Paymasters will make no payment of deposits excepting on final statements. When repayment is not made on final statements, the soldier should forward the deposit-book, or the evidence above described, to the Paymaster General's Office, where alone such claims will be settled. The attention of enlisted men should be called to the importance of preserving deposit-books as the only certain means of insuring absolutely correct repayment without delay. On the death of a soldier, account shall be made of each deposit in the inventory of his effects, and on the accompanying final statements, with which his deposit-book will be filed. The separate and accurate statement, by date and amount, of each deposit is absolutely essential to the correct calculation of interest. For any sums not less than fifty dollars deposited for the period of six months or longer, the soldier, on his final discharge, shall be paid interest at the rate of four per cent. per annum. Deposits and interest thereon are forfeited by desertion, but are wholly exempt from forfeiture by sentence of Court-Martial and from liability for the soldier's debts. Paymasters will forward with each account an abstract of soldier's deposits, if any, received by them during the time embraced therein. The abstract will set forth the name, company, and regiment of each depositor, with the date and amount of his deposit. The gross amount of the abstract will be carried to the account-current under the appropriation of "Pay of the Army" for the fiscal year in which the depos its were received. The amount may be disbursed by the Paymaster under the same appropriation. The amounts of deposits and interest thereon paid on final statements will be charged by the Paymaster to "Pay of the Army" for the fiscal year in which the soldier is discharged. The Paymaster General will keep in his office such record as may be necessary to show the deposits made by the enlisted men of the Army. PAY OF DESERTERS. 2457. No deserter shall receive pay before trial, or till restored to duty without trial by the authority competent to order the trial.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1359.] 11 51.84 from the arrears of pay. If the stoppages and fines are greater than the arrears of pay, 4.0.92.83 4.0.60.85+ 2458. Every deserter shall forfeit all pay and allowances due at the time of desertion. The authorized stoppages and fines due at time of desertion shall be deducted the balance will be deducted from pay due after apprehension.-[G. O. 88, 1873.] 2459. Company commanders will always place upon the final statements the dates of desertion and apprehension, if the soldier has ever deserted during his period of enlistment. In any question of doubt as to desertion, the decision of the War Department can be obtained from the Adjutant General of the Army.-[G. O. 88, 1873.] PAYMENT OF DISCHARGED SOLDIERS. [See Art. XXV.] 2460. Discharged soldiers are paid on duplicate accounts made up from data in the final statements furnished by the officers who discharge them. Paymasters will not pay on a single final statement, but will require the duplicates (Form No. 4— Final statement; Form No. 5-Account).-[ Regs. 1863, ¶ 1343.] 2461. The Paymaster General will report to the Adjutant General any case of neglect of company officers to furnish the propor certificates to soldiers entitled to discharge. [Regs. 1863, ¶ 1374.] 2462. Paymasters or other officers to whom a discharged soldier may apply shall transmit to the Paymaster General, with their remarks, any evidence the soldier may furnish relating to his not having received or having lost his certificates of pay due. The Paymaster General will transmit the evidence to the Second Comptroller for the settlement of the account.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1372.] 2463. In reckoning the traveling allowances to discharged officers or soldiers, the distance is to be estimated by the shortest usually traveled route; they are computed by taking the distance in miles from place of discharge to place of residence, enlistment, or enrollment, and giving one day's pay, and, if a soldier, subsistence for every twenty miles of such distance. In computing for traveling allowances on discharge, if the fraction (at the rate of twenty miles to a day) be half a day or more, payment will be made for a full day; if less, the fraction will not be considered. If transportation in kind has been furnished for any part of the distance, pay will be allowed for the entire distance less that covered by the transportation.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1370; Regs. Pay Dept.] 2464. Every enlisted man discharged as a minor, or for disease which existed prior to enlistment, or for other cause involving fraud on his part in the enlistment, shall forfeit all pay and allowances, including traveling allowances, due at the time of dis- ' charge, and shall not receive final statements.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1371; G. O. 39, 1879.] 2465. When paying on the final papers of a discharged soldier, the Paymaster must in all cases note over his signature on the soldier's discharge, as follows: "Paid in full”—stating amounts. Exception is contemplated when the final statements have been transferred, and are, therefore, not accompanied by the discharge.—[ Circ. No. 47, P. M. G., 1866.] 0.11 $112.84 0.11/83 72.85 2466. A transfer of a claim for pay due by a non-commissioned officer or soldier.40. previous to discharge is invalid. A transfer subsequent to discharge is valid when it is made in writing by indorsement on the final statements, and witnessed by a commissioned officer. To guard against the fraudulent use of such papers, the witnessing" 28.87 officer must also indorse the fact of transfer upon the discharge, and note on the final statements that such indorsement on the discharge has been made. Having done this, the company commander must deliver the discharge to the soldier, and not to the person to whom the final statements are transferred.-[Regs. Pay Dept.; R. S., § 1291.] 2467. Cases have occurred of payment to assignees of forged final statements on which the transfer was attested by the genuine signature of an officer, witness to the transfer. It will be the duty of such witnessing officer to satisfy himself of the genuineness of the papers (both discharge and final statements), and in the event of their proving to be forgeries, the amount, if any, paid thereon will be charged against and stopped from his pay.-[G. O. 91, 1875.] 2468. Whenever an improper payment, whether overpayment or short payment, has been made to an enlisted man, and reported in the settlement of the Paymaster's accounts, the Paymaster will report the fact to the commander of the company in which the soldier is mustered, who will note the same on the next rolls to be adjusted at the next payment.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1362.] 2469. Authorized stoppages to reimburse the United States, as for loss or damage to arms, equipments, or other public property; for extra issues of clothing; for the expense of apprehending deserters, or to reimburse individuals (as the Paymaster, laundress, &c.); forfeitures for desertion, and fines by sentence of Court-Martial, will be entered on the roll and paid in the order stated.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1363.] 2470. No Volunteers or Militia shall be paid until regularly mustered into the service of the United States.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1384.] 2471. An order to a Paymaster to travel without funds on temporary duty, not requiring the services of a clerk, will not cover transportation for a clerk. 2172. A Paymaster changing his station, or leaving the service, should leave a deposit with the United States depositary sufficient to meet the payment of his outstanding checks, and furnish a list thereof, made by comparing his check-book with the depositary's account of checks paid, to his Chief Paymaster. Chief Paymasters will be held responsible for the rigid enforcement of this regulation.-[Regs. Pay Dept.] ARTICLE LXXXIII. CORPS OF ENGINEERS. [Articles LXXIV, LXXV, Regs. 1841, and Article XLVI, Regs. 1861.] 2473. The Chief of Engineers shall have his headquarters at the seat of government, and shall be charged, under the direction of the Secretary of War, with the command of the Engineer Department, including its Bureau, and with the regulation of the duties of the officers and troops of the Corps of Engineers, as well as of all agents and others who may be employed under his direction within the limits of his department.-[Regs. Corps of Engrs., ¶ 2.] 2174. The Chief of Engineers shall from time to time personally inspect the public works under the charge of officers or agents of his corps under the authority of the Secretary of War. 2475. Public works in charge of the Corps of Engineers shall be inspected at least once a year, and when completed, by such officers of the Corps as the Chief of Engineers, with the approval of the Secretary of War, shall designate. 2176. The duties of the Corps of Engineers comprise reconnoitring and surveying for military purposes; the selection of sites, and formation of plans, projects, and estimates for military defenses of every kind; the construction and repair of fortifications and defensible works of every description, whether temporary or permanent; the planning, laying out, and superintending all military works, defensive or offensive, of troops in the field, camp, or cantonment; the examination of all routes of communi |