at the end of each month, and also whenever they change their permanent residence.[G. O. 15, 1870.] 108. Retired officers are entitled to wear the uniform of the rank on which they have been retired.-[R. S., § 1256.] ARTICLE XIII. RESIGNATIONS OF OFFICERS. 109. No officer will be considered out of service on the tender of his resignation, until it shall have been duly accepted by the proper authority. Any officer who, having tendered his resignation, shall, prior to due notice of the acceptance of the same by the proper authority, and without leave, quit his post or proper duties with the intent to remain permanently absent therefrom, shall be registered as a deserter, and punished as such.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 24.] 110. The resignations of officers appointed by the President can be accepted by him alone.-[G. O. 40, 1862.] 111. Resignations will be forwarded by the commanding officer to the Adjutant General of the Army for decision of the proper authority.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 25.] 112. Before approving tenders of resignation of disbursing officers, Commanding Generals will cause all public moneys or property in their hands to be turned over to the officer designated to receive the same. This action will be indorsed on the resig nation, and promptly reported to the head of the proper Staff department at Washington.-G. O. 238, 1863.] 113. R signations tendered under charges, when forwarded by any commander, will always be accompanied by a copy of the charges; or, in the absence of written charges, by a report of the case, for the information of the Secretary of War.—[ Regs. 1863, 26.] 114. Before final payments are made to an officer whose resignation has been accepted, he will be required to exhibit a certificate of non-indebtedness to the United States from the proper accounting officers of the Treasury.-[ Regs. 1863, ¶ 27; Sec. War, May 16, 1864; A. G. O. March, 15, 1867.] 115. In time of war, or with an army in the field, resignations shall take effect within thirty days from the date of the order of acceptance.-[ Regs. 1863, ¶ 28.] 116. Leaves of absence will not be granted by commanding officers to officers on tendering their resignation, unless the resignation be unconditional and immediate. When leave is granted, the officer's address should accompany the resignation.-[ Regs. 1863, ¶ 29.] 117. Any officer of the Army who accepts or holds any appointment in the diplomatic or consular service of the Government shall be considered as having resigned his place in the Army. This applies to officers on the Active List, and to all retired officers, excepting those exempted by the provisions of section 2, Act March 3, 1875.— [R. S., § 1223; G. O. 57, 1877.] ARTICLE XIV. DECEASED OFFICERS. 118. The death of an officer, with cause, date, and place, will be reported without delay by his immediate commander, direct to the Adjutant General. When the death occurs away from the officer's station in hospital or on leave, it is the duty of the Army Medical officer, if there be one in charge, or of any officer having cognizance of the fact, to make the report. A duplicate of the report will be sent to Department Headquarters.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 149; G. O. 85, 1875.] 119, Inventories of the effects of deceased officers, as required by the 125th Article of War, will be transmitted to the Adjutant General of the Army. If legal representatives take possession of the effects, it will be so stated on the inventory and the report of death.-[Regs. 1863, ¶¶ 150, 151.] 120. If there be no legal representative present to receive the effects, a list of them will be sent to the nearest relative of the deceased officer. At the end of two months, if not called for, they will be sold at auction and accounted for as in the case of deceased soldiers; except that swords, watches, trinkets, and such articles, will be labeled with the name, rank, regiment, and date of death of the owner, and sent through the Adjutant General to the Second Auditor of the Treasury for the heirs.— [G. O. 55, 1864.] 121. On the death of any officer in charge of public property or money, the commanding officer shall appoint a Board of Survey to take an inventory of the same, which he shall forward to the proper bureau of the War Department; and he shall designate an officer to take charge of the said property or money till orders in the case are received from the proper authority.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1037.] 122. Funeral expenses of officers who die at a military post or station are ordinarily not a proper charge against the appropriations for the Army.-[Sec. War, Dec. 18, 1878.] 123. Expenses "of the interment of officers killed in action, or who die when on duty in the field, or at posts on the frontiers, or when traveling on orders," may, under certain circumstances, be ordered paid by the Secretary of War. But, except when emergency requires that the commanding officer of the Department or District shall order the body to be transported from the battle-field to a suitable place of interment at the nearest town, post, or station, before the approval of the Secretary can be obtained, such approval must be had in advance. No accounts will be paid for any such expenditure until the approval of the Secretary of War in writing is obtained.— [Act June 23, 1879, in G. O. 23, 1879; G. O. 91, 1872; G. O. 1, 1873.] 124. The unclaimed remains of officers or soldiers who may die at temporary camps, or on detached service, will be decently inclosed in coffins, and transported by the Quartermaster's Department for burial at the nearest military post or national cemetery, unless the commanding officer deem burial at the place of death to be proper. A report of such case will be made to the Adjutant General of the Army.-[G. O. 43, 1877.] ARTICLE XV. THE GENERAL OF THE ARMY. 125. The military establishment is under the orders of the General of the Army in all that pertains to its discipline and military control. The fiscal arrangements of the Army belong to the several administrative departments of the Staff, under the direction of the Secretary of War, and to the Treasury Department.-[G. Ó. 28, 1876; R. S., § 1133, et seq.] 126. All orders and instructions relating to military operations, or affecting the military control and discipline of the Army, issued by the President or the Secretary of War, will be promulgated through the General of the Army.-[G. O. 28, 1869; G. O. 28, 1876.] 127. The General of the Army, under the War Department, shall have supervision and charge of the United States Military Academy. He will watch over its administration and discipline, and the instruction of the Corps of Cadets, and will make reports thereof to the Secretary of War.—[R. S., § 1331; Order Sec. War, Feb. 28, 1877.] ARTICLE XVI. MILITARY GEOGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS, Departments, AND COMMANDS. 128. Military Geographical Divisions and Departments are established and their commanders are assigned by orders from the War Department. In time of peace, Army Corps, Divisions, or Brigades will not be formed.—[Regs. 1863, ¶ 39; G. ̃O. 10, 1868.] 129. Officers commanding Military Divisions and Departments exercise supervision and command over all the military forces of the United States within their territorial limits, whether of the Line or Staff, where special exception is not made by the War Department.-[G. O. 12, 1869.] 130. The Military Academy, except as to its own Department Commander; the Artillery School; the Engineer establishment at Willet's Point, N. Y.; the General Depots for recruits and of supply; the Arsenals; such permanent fortifications as may be in process of construction or repair, and officers employed in duties not military, are exempted from the supervision and control of Division and Department Commanders. But when emergency demands, all military men and material within reach come under their command.—[G. O. 99, 1867; G. O. 12 and 32, 1869; G. O. 54, 1871; G. O. 9 and 87, 1873.] 131. Division and Department Commanders are responsible that a due regard to economy in the public service is maintained by all officers under their control.-[G. O. 9, 1866.] 132. Subject to the approval of the General of the Army, a Division Commander regulates the establishment of military districts and posts, and originates, directs, or approves military operations within his Departments. In case of emergency, he transfers troops from one of his Departments to another requiring re-enforcements.[Circ. 34, A. G. O. July 20, 1865.] 133. Division and Department Commanders are expected to decide all matters properly coming within their jurisdiction, or to make appropriate remarks upon such papers as they forward for decision of higher authority.-[ Circ. 34, 1865.] 134, A Division Commander decides cases sent him by way of appeal.—[ Circ. 34, 1865.] 135. Upon reports from the Department Commander and his own inspectors, the Division Commander will periodically convey to the Adjutant General of the Army such information of affairs in his command as may be useful to the Secretary of War or General of the Army. He will also immediately report all changes of officers and troops made within his command.-[Circ. 34, 1865.] 136. A Division or Department Commander intending to leave his Headquarters will report in advance his intention, proposed length of absence, and his address, to the Adjutant General at Washington. A Department Commander will make the same report to his Division Headquarters.-[ Circ. 34, 1865.] 137. Department Commanders will exercise a general supervision of all military reservations within the limits of their commands, and will use force to remove squatters or trespassers when, in their judgment, it becomes necessary.-[G. O. 74, 1869.] 138. No squatter or citizen will be permitted to enter or reside upon a Military Reservation unless he be in the employment of the Government, or permitted by the Department Commander, in which case his residence thereon must cease upon his being discharged or the permission withdrawn.-[G. O. 74, 1869.] 139. Where parties are already in possession, with valuable improvements, the Department Commander will cause an investigation to be made and submit each case separately for the decision and orders of the Secretary of War.—[G. O. 74, 1879.] MAPS AND RECONNOISSANCES. 140. At the Headquarters of each Military Geographical Division and Department there will be kept in course of preparation a map of the territory comprised within the command, upon which will be embodied all geographical or other information useful in military operations.-[ Circ. Hdqrs. Army, June 6, 1873.] 141. Division and Department Commanders who have not an officer of the Corps of Engineers assigned to their Headquarters will appoint some officer, preferably of their authorized personal Staff, to perform the duty of preparing the maps.-[G. O. 4, Hdqrs. Army, 1873.] 142. The officers on Engineer duty will, at the close of each month, transmit to the Headquarters of the Army a copy of the consolidated compilation of all new matter received during the month.-[Circ. Hdqrs. Army, 1873.] 143. In order to facilitate the prosecution of the topographical surveys in the Western Military Geographical Divisions and Departments, including reconnoissances of routes, the astronomical determination of the positions of military posts and other places, and the drafting of maps, the following rules will be observed: 1. The general plan of exploration and survey will be determined by the Chief of Engineers, and executed under the direction of the Generals commanding Divisions and Departments, by the Engineer officers assigned to their command. 2. There will be allowed, for each of the headquarters herein contemplated, one General Service man, to serve as topographical assistant, who will be under the orders of the Chief Engineer Officer at the Headquarters, and who will not be relieved except by authority of the Secretary of War, through the General of the Army. The enlistments, for the purpose indicated, will be made, by the respective Engineer officers, from persons of unexceptionable habits, who are skilled in topographical work both in field and office. For the purpose of pay, the topographical assistants will be rated as clerks, and will receive the extra pay of thirty-five cents per day, and commutation allowances accordingly. 3. The results of these surveys will be promptly transmitted to the Chief of Engineers, and also incorporated into the general maps of Divisions and Departments, to be kept in the offices of the Division and Department Engineers. 4. The topographical assistants shall be kept constantly employed on topographical work in field and office, and for no other purpose. 5. When the appropriations under the control of the War Department, through the Chief of Engineers, warrant extended operations, surveying parties will be furnished by the Department Commanders concerned, with such escorts as they may deem proper. 6. The Quartermaster's Department will furnish transportation for civilian employés, escorts, material, instruments, collections, subsistence and other supplies, and will supply forage, clothing, camp and garrison equipage, and pay the necessary guides, packers, herders, laborers, blacksmiths, teamsters, &c., upon proper requisition. Actual traveling expenses will be furnished to such civilian assistants as may be designated by the Engineer officer. 7. The Subsistence Department will furnish the necessary Subsistence stores; the Ordnance Department such ordnance and Ordnance stores as may be required, and the Medical Department the necessary medical attendance and supplies, all upon proper requisitions. Assistants and employés may purchase at cost price, for their personal use while in the field, necessary stores from the supply departments of the Army. The stations of the Engineer officers during the season of field operations are fixed at their respective Division or Department Headquarters. The topographical assistants on duty with Geographical Surveys, whose services are required in the field, will, while so engaged, receive the same pay and allowances as when at Headquarters.-[G. O. 62, 1877.] ARTICLE XVII. CLERKS AND MESSENGERS AT DIVISION AND DEPARTMENT HEADQUARTERS. [G. O. 44, 1880.] 144. The whole number of General Service men of all grades and designations allowed as clerks for Division, Department, and District Headquarters, and for Superintendents of the Recruiting Service, is as follows: 14 Sergeants. 28 Corporals. 109 Privates. 9 Topographical Assistants. 145. The following distribution of the General Service clerks above authorized is announced: [G. O., 7, 1881.] 146. The rates of commutation of rations, fuel, and quarters of the General Service clerks are fixed by the Secretary of War. The General of the Army will determine from time to time the distribution that shall be made of the clerks, according to the exigencies of the service, among the several commands, and this number must in no case be exceeded, but must include all those on duty in the Adjutant General's, Quartermaster's, Subsistence, Medical, and all other Staff Departments. The men of the General Service detachment shall not be employed on any other than clerical duties. 147. If Hospital Stewards are employed for clerical duty in the offices of the Medical Directors, they must also be included in the total number allowed, and rated, so far as commutation is concerned only, as privates. 148. In addition to the above number for clerks, the Commanding Generals of Military Divisions and Departments, the commanding officer District of New Mexico, and the Superintendents of the Recruiting Service, may, if it be necessary, detail enlisted men from troops under their command as messengers, not to exceed five (5) for each Division, Department, two for the District named, and one (1) to each Superintendent. 149. Enlisted men so detailed as messengers shall receive only the commutation and extra pay as follows: 150. Whenever a headquarters is at a military post, fuel and quarters will be furnished the clerks and messengers in kind, if practicable. When furnished in kind, commutation therefor also shall not be paid. 151. All enlisted men, including messengers, at each headquarters, will be mustered monthly on one roll. 152. The several commanders may, at their discretion, discharge any of their general service clerks and fill the vacancies in the authorized strength of the detachment by transfers from companies or enlistments in the general service. When, however, the service of any can be dispensed with, they will be discharged or transferred to companies and their places will not be filled. ARTICLE XVIII REGIMENTS. 153. On the organization of a regiment, the batteries of artillery, companies of infantry, and troops of cavalry, are permanently designated by letters in alphabetical order. Officers in the first instance are assigned to these subdivisions, and afterward succeed thereto as promoted to fill vacancies. Battalion and parade formations are regulated by the Tactics.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 71.] 154. The Field officers may be assigned by their Department Commanders wherever their services are most required, provided the assignment is with troops of their own regiments.-[Circ. 29, Hdqrs. Army, 1866.] 155. The commander of a regiment will appoint the Adjutant from the subalterns of the regiment. He will nominate the regimental Quartermaster to the Secretary of War for appointment, if approved. But the rank or appointment of regimental Staff officers shall not be made to date back of the date on which the appointment was actually made.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 73; G. O. 73, 1879.] appoint the Adjutant from the subalterns 55/2 156. The commander of a regiment will appoint the non-commissioned Staff of the regiment; and, upon the recommendation of the company commanders, the Sergeants and Corporals of companies.-[ Regs. 1863, ¶ 73.] 157. A regimental Staff officer who accepts a detail for recruiting or other service which will remove him from the discharge of his Staff duties for any considerable time will be held to have vacated his Staff position from the date he accepts the detail. This does not apply to details on Courts-Martial, Boards, or such like duty.—[G. O.7, 1875.] 158. Every article belonging to the regiment, excepting arms and accoutrements, is to be marked with the number and name of the regiment.-[ Regs. 1863, ¶ 85.] BANDS. 0.14 159. When it is desired to have bands of music for regiments, there will be allowed, 0.17.8 for each, sixteen privates to act as musicians, in addition to the chief musicians authorized by law, provided the total number of privates in the regiment, including the band, does not exceed the legal standard. Regimental commanders will designate the proportion to be subtracted from each company for a band.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 81.] 160. The musicians of the band will, for the time being, be dropped from company muster-rolls, but they will be instructed as soldiers, and liable to serve in the ranks on any occasion. They will be mustered in a separate squad under the chief musician, with the non-commissioned Staff, and be included in the aggregate in all regimental returns.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 82.] 161. When a regiment occupies several stations, the band will be kept at the headquarters, provided troops (one or more companies) be serving there. The field |