necessity will be made therefor, through the proper channels, for the action of the Secretary of War. The selection of employés as clerks, &c., is left to the officer employing them, provided such selection has the approval of the commander of the Division or Department in which the officer may be serving, and the approval of the Head of the Military Bureau, when serving at depots, arsenals, posts, and stations not under the immediate control of a Division or Department Commander. Inspectors and other classes of employés within the purview of this regulation may be designated upon the rolls in the usual manner, but shall be paid at the rates established. Division and Department Commanders shall cause their inspecting officers to make special report, from time to time, as to the number and duties of civilians employed within their commands, and when, in the opinion of such commander, any persons are found employed beyond the number required for an economical administration of their respective commands, report will be made at once to the Secretary of War. 1423. When practicable, persons hired in the military service shall be paid at the end of the calendar month, and when discharged. Separate pay-rolls shall be made for each month.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1011.] 1424. When a hired person is discharged and not paid, a certified statement of his personal services and of wages due shall be given.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1012.] 1425. In computing the wages of laborers employed at a per diem allowance, the actual number of days is to be ascertained and allowed. The day on which service begins and the day on which service ends should be counted in the computation of wages earned. Laborers employed by the month and actually performing their first day's labor on the 31st day of any month will be paid for that day.-[G. O. 33, 1870; G. O. 72, 1878. For further rules in computing time, see paragraph 1675.] 1426. When officers of the Staff Departments, except Paymasters, change their stations, in compliance with orders from the War Department, the transfer, at the expense of the Government, of their civilian clerks or other employés to the new station with them, is prohibited, except in cases of urgent necessity, for which sanction must first be had of the Secretary of War. Officers of the Pay Department, in changes of station, are authorized to take their clerks with them, at the expense of the United States.-G. 0.22, 1870; G. O. 52, 1875; G. O. 18, 1878.] 1427. Citizens in the employ of any branch of the military service, except labor-4.0.25/84 ers, teamsters, and like classes of employés, when traveling under competent orders, or upon summons as witnesses before military courts, will be entitled to transporta-76.82 tion in kind; or, if no transportation be provided, they may charge the cost, actually paid by them, of travel-fare by the usual conveyances, inclusive of transfer to and from depots, not exceeding fifty cents each, and of one berth in sleeping cars, or on steamers where an extra charge is made therefor. Payment of parlor-car fare is prohibited. In addition to the above, the sum of four dollars per day west of the Mississippi River, and three dollars and a quarter east thereof, will be allowed for each and every day unavoidably consumed in travel, or on duty under the order or summons; provided that where meals are included in the transportation, or fare, by steamers, no. per diem shall be charged.-[G. O. 97, 1876; G. O. 32, 1878; G. O. 25, 1879.] 1428. Laborers, teamsters, and like classes of employés, traveling as described in the foregoing paragraph, shall be entitled to such actual and necessary expenses on account of transportation and subsistence as may be authorized by the Chief of the Bureau which makes payment of the account-except when the employé is in receipt of a ration from the United States, in which case, if it be impracticable to carry his rations with him, instead of expenses of subsistence, as above contemplated, he will be paid commutation of rations at the usual rates.-[G. O. 97, 1876.] 1429. The items above authorized will appear in detail upon the voucher or upon a memorandum attached thereto. No other items of whatever nature will be allowed. [G. O. 97, 1876.] 1430. Unless it be shown that transportation orders could not be procured from. the Quartermaster's Department, no payment will be made of items of travel-fare over any of the roads included in paragraph 4, section II, or in paragraph 4, section V, of General Orders 97, 1876.-[G. O. 97, 1876.] 1431. The officer furnishing transportation will note the fact upon the summons, or order for the journey, or both, stating for how many and which of the persons. named therein, and the points between which, transportation has been provided.—[ G. 0.97, 1876.] 1432. The charges for return journeys of witnesses may be made up on the basis of the actual charges allowed for travel to the court, and the entire account, thus completed, may be paid upon discharge from attendance without waiting for completion of return travel.-[ G. O. 97, 1876.] 1433. The correctness of the items will be attested by the certificate of the officer in charge of the employé, or, if there be no such officer, by affidavit, to be made, when. 90.4/82 practicable, before a Judge Advocate or Post Adjutant; the voucher to be accompanied with the original summons, or order, or a copy of the order, and of the indorsements thereon, certified by an officer; or with such other evidence of authority for the journey as the Chief of the Bureau making the payment may prescribe. In the case of witnesses before military courts, the certificate of the Judge Advocate will be evidence of the fact and period of attendance, and should be made upon the voucher. -[G. O. 1876.] G 2684-16.0.97, diem allowance can be made where the attendance upon court does not require the witness to leave his station.-[G. O. 97, 1876.] 1435. The foregoing rules (except paragraphs 1430 and 1434) will apply to the travel-expense accounts of citizens not in Government employ, summoned to attend upon military courts.-[G. O. 97, 1876.] 1436. Compensation to citizens, in or out of Government employ, for attendance upon civil courts, is payable only by the civil authorities.-[G. Ó. 97, 1876.] 1437. Actual expenses, as contemplated above, are payable as follows:-[G. O. 97, 1876.] To Paymasters' clerks and citizen witnesses before military courts, by the Pay To citizens employed on public works and fortifications (cost of transportation included), from the appropriation made specifically for the work. To Commissaries' clerks, Quartermasters' clerks and agents, and other citizens employed with the Army, when traveling on public service, under orders of competent military authority, by the Quartermaster's Department. ARTICLE LXXIII. STAFF ADMINISTRATION. 1438. The supply and payment of the Army, and the direction of the expenditures of the appropriations for its support, are, by law, committed to the Secretary of War. He exercises control through the several Bureaus of the War Department and the several branches of the military service, and the officers thereof. He determines where particular supplies shall be purchased or contracted for; where they shall be delivered, inspected, and stored, and how distributed-whether at general depots for the use of the whole Army, or at particular posts or headquarters for parts thereof. He decides, also, through and by means of what officers within the laws these purchases and contracts shall be made.-[R. S., §§ 1133, 1141, 1152, 1164, 1175, 1188; G. O. 40, 1880.] 1439. All officers of the Staff who are assigned to the command of a General or other officer remain under that officer's military command, and are subject to hissupervision, control, and command in all their official acts relating to matters within his command, and to all matters, acts, and things not specially excepted from his command and control under the law and by the Secretary of War, in accordance with the Regulations and General Orders published by the War Department, or issued by the Secretary of War from time to time.-[G. O. 40, 1880.] 1440. When officers of the Quartermaster's or Subsistence Departments have been assigned to the charge of general depots, or to the duty of purchasing for the supply of troops over and above those embraced in the Military Departments in which they are located, they will be required to submit to the Department Commander such estimates only as relate to the service of the Military Department under his command. In all other matters their communications will be directly with the head of their Bureau in Washington, D. C.-[G. O. 9, 1866; G. O. 27, 1874.] 1441. All commanding officers will see to the prompt rendering of returns, early requisitions and estimates from their respective commands, in order to provide for the making of timely contracts for necessary supplies or services.-[G. O. 40, 1880.] 1442. All officers of Staff Departments, or doing duty therein, at military posts, will submit their estimates or requisitions for supplies of property or money for the public service to their immediate commanding officers for their revision and approval, prior to forwarding them.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1056; G. O. 21, 1868.] 1443. It will be the duty of commanding officers of posts to carefully examine these requisitions, and satisfy themselves that the articles enumerated therein are actually required, and that the lists embrace all which are needed at such posts for the time being.-[ Regs. 1863, ¶ 1056; G. O. 21, 1868.] 1444. The chief of each branch of the Staff of any command is to carefully supervise all estimates and requisitions for supplies for his department with special reterence to the cheapest market and most economical routes of transportation. Such officers should receive from their commanders timely instructions as to all contemplated movements of troops, and as to any probable increase or diminution of force at any particular post, with a view to the proper and economical distribution of the supplies.-[G. O. 40, 1880.] 1445. All estimates for supplies or money for the public service within a department will be carefully revised by him.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1056.] 1446. To save clerical labor, commanders of geographical departments and districts are authorized to call upon officers under their orders who are charged with the care of public property or the disbursement of public money, for such copies only of accounts and returns, or abstracts thereof, as may be necessary to a complete understanding of the affairs of their command. Chiefs of Staff Departments will not require additional copies of the accounts, returns, or abstracts furnished their commanding officers. They can regulate the number of employés and amount of purchases at each post by means of the estimate of funds required, and the supply of stores sent, by keeping a record of the requisitions received and filled. Special information needed from time to time can be called for as occasion arises.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1054; G. O. 25, 1873.] 1447. It is the duty of every commanding officer to enforce a rigid economy in the. public expenses, and to correct all irregularities and extravagances which he may discover; to see that all disbursements are prudently and economically made; that public property is properly cared for, and not lost or destroyed through neglect; to carefully scrutinize all contracts and disbursement accounts submitted for his approval, and to see that the public interests are in every way fully protected.—[G. O. 98, 1866.] 1448. Every order issued by any military authority, which may cause any expenditure in a Staff Department, shall be given in writing, and one copy thereof immediately forwarded, by the officer receiving the order, to the head of his department, and one copy filed by the disbursing officer, with his voucher for the disbursement. If the expenditure is disallowed, it will be charged to the officer who ordered it.-[G. O. 76, 1867.] 1449. The administrative control exercised by department commanders shall, when troops are in the field, devolve on the commanders of divisions; or, when the command is less than a división, on the commander of the whole.-[ Regs. 1863, ¶ 1057.]. ARTICLE LXXIV. ADVERTISING AND JOB PRINTING. [G. O. 40, 1880.] [The term "advertising" as used herein includes all publications in newspapers inserted for pay. 1450. Section 3828 of the Revised Statutes, relative to advertising, is as follows: And be it further enacted, That no advertisement, notice, or proposal for any Executive Department of the Government, or for any Bureau thereof, or for any office therewith connected, shall be published in any newspaper whatever, except in pursuance of a written authority for such publication from the Head of such Department; and no bill for any such advertising or publication shall be paid, unless there be presented with such bill a copy of the written authority aforesaid. But 1451. The law requires advertising (section 3709, Revised Statutes) for all purchases and contracts for supplies or services, except personal services, and also except in cases when the public exigency requires immediate delivery or performance. the law does not confine advertising solely to newspapers; invitations to the public to bid, given by handbills posted in public places, are as much advertising within the meaning of the law as insertion of notice in newspapers. 1452. Advertising, whether in newspapers or by handbills, contemplates public notice, and, under the law, is to be followed by an opening of bids at which all competitors have the right to be present. 1453. Advertising in newspapers is to be used when there is sufficient time; but when such advertising is ordered it must come under the rules growing out of section 3828, Revised Statutes. 1454. Advertisements, whether by newspaper or handbills, will ordinarily be published by the officer who is to make the contract upon the proposals received-in special cases, if competent authority so direct, by any other proper officer; and when issued shall be promptly forwarded by him through the proper Bureau to the Chief Clerk of the War Department, with a copy of any specifications or instructions to bidders or blanks for proposals, therein referred to. ADVERTISING. 1455. Whenever any officer of the War Department, or of any Bureau thereof, or of the Army, or any Board of Officers, or Court-Martial, shall deem it necessary or 0 85 advisable to advertise in any newspaper or newspapers, the design being that the advertising shall be paid for by the Government, a copy of the proposed advertisement will be forwarded directly, through the Head of the proper Bureau, to the Chief Clerk of the War Department, for the action of the Secretary of War, with a letter requesting authority to publish the same, and stating in what paper or papers among those on the official list of the Department the advertisement should, in his or their judgment, be inserted, and for what length of time. 1456. If the officer or officers consider that the interests of the Government require the publication of an advertisement in any locality where there is no official newspaper, or in any newspaper not on the official list, the application should set forth that fact. 1457. The following will be the form of application for authority to advertise: OFFICE OF 18-. SIR: I inclose herewith a copy of an advertisement, dated 18-, inviting proposals for, and respectfully request authority to publish the same in the following-named official newspapers: insertions in insertions in Very respectfully, your obedient servant, To the CHIEF CLERK, War Department, Washington, D. C. (Through [Here sign officially.] 1458. Heads of Bureaus will transmit these applications to the Chief Clerk of the War Department, with their recommendations indorsed thereon. 1459. Officers in advertising sales of property, or for proposals for contracts, or for proposals for supplies, will, as a general rule, allow thirty days to intervene between the date of the first publication of the advertisement and the date designated in such advertisement for the sale to take place or for the opening of bids; but a shorter period than thirty days may be designated if the interests of the service, as reported by the officer advertising, should render it advisable. 1460. As a general rule, authority will be given for six consecutive insertions in a daily newspaper, or four consecutive insertions in a weekly newspaper; but authority will not be given to publish the same advertisement in all the authorized newspapers of any locality, unless the interests of the Government seem to require it. 1461. In cases of emergency, application may be made and authority granted by telegraph to publish an advertisement, in which case the date and nature of such advertisement only need be stated. The officer so authorized should immediately transmit to the Chief Clerk of the War Department twelve printed slips of such advertisement, and report the name of the newspapers ordered to publish it, with the number of insertions in each. 1462. Officers of the Army are required to practice all possible economy in advertising consistent with the necessities of the service, and to avoid all superfluous words in the descriptions of supplies and property in advertisements, and in the headings and titles attached thereto. They are especially cautioned not to prepare their advertisements, or send copies of them to newspapers, arranged in such a manner as would lead to a violation of so much of paragraph 1472 as relates to displayed or leaded advertisements, &c. 1463. At principal offices and depots where advertisements inviting proposals are frequently issued, it is not necessary to publish in detail each time the usual conditions imposed on bidders and contractors. A reference to former advertisements of same conditions, or a notice that they will be furnished on application, will be sufficient. FORMS OF ADVERTISEMENTS. 1464. The following examples, illustrating the brief forms of advertisements to be used, are given for the information and instruction of officers, and should be followed as far as practicable: Form of advertisement for various supplies needed at various posts. PROPOSALS FOR MILITARY SUPPLIES. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF 18-, Sealed proposals, in triplicate, subject to the usual conditions, will be received at this office, or at the offices of the at the following named posts, until 12 o'clock noon on 18, at which time and places they will be opened in presence of bidders, for furnishing and delivery of military supplies during the commenc ing ——, 18—, and ending ———, 18—, as follows: [ Here state articles, but not quantities], or such of said supplies as may be required at [here state posts or places]. Proposals for either class of the stores mentioned, or for quantities less than the whole required, will be received. The Government reserves the right to reject any or all proposals. Preference will be given to articles of domestic production. Blank proposals, and printed circulars stating the kind and estimated quantities required at each post, and giving full particlars as to the manner of bidding, conditions to be observed by bidders, and terms of contract and payment, will be furnished on application to this office or to the at the various posts named. Envelopes containing proposals should be marked "Proposals for and addressed to the undersigned, or to the respective post at In advertisements by the Quartermaster's Department for military supplies, the conditions of section 3716, Revised Statutes, are to be stated.] Form of advertisement for delivery at one post of a certain article or articles. PROPOSALS FOR --. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF at OFFICE OF CHIEF 18-. Sealed proposals, in triplicate, subject to the usual conditions, will be received at this office, or at the office of the until 12 o'clock noon on 18-, at which time and places they will be opened in presence of bidders, for furnishing and delivery at [here state article and quantity]. Proposals for a less quantity will be received. The Government reserves the right to reject any or all proposals. Preference will be given to articles of domestic production. Blank proposals, and full information as to the manner of bidding, conditions to be observed by bidders, and terms of contract and payment, will be furnished on application to this office or to the at the post. Envelopes containing proposals should be marked "Proposals for and addressed to the undersigned, or to the at the post. at If a number of articles are needed involving lengthy publication in description of the articles and specification of quantities, then follow general plan indicated in previous form of having circulars printed. In advertisements by the Quartermasters Department for military supplies, the conditions of section 3716, Revised Statutes, are to be stated.] Form of advertisement for proposals for Army transportation. PROPOSALS FOR ARMY TRANSPORTATION. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF OFFICE OF CHIEF QUARTERMASTER, 18-. Sealed proposals, in triplicate, subject to the usual conditions, will be received at this office until 12 o'clock noon on 18, at which time and place they will be opened in the presence of bidders, for the transportation of military supplies on the following-described routes in the Department of during the commencing and ending [here state the kind of transportation required, whether rail, wagon, or water, and give a brief description of the route]. Proposals for transportation on any or all of the routes above named will be received. The Government reserves the right to reject any or all proposals. Blank proposals, form of contract, and printed circulars stating the estimated quantities of supplies to be transported, and giving full information as to the manner of bidding, conditions to be observed by bidders, and terms of contract and payment, will be furnished on application to this office or to the offices of [here state places at which such information can be obtained]. Envelopes containing proposals should be marked "Proposals for transportation on route," and addressed to the undersigned. (All advertisements are to be signed officially.] Quartermaster U. S. A. |