permanent character, and which can be justified in terms of the general public benefit derived therefrom may be established and maintained from Coast Guard appropriations.

(b) Any aid to navigation which is for the primary benefit of a Federal Agency other than the Armed Forces may be established and maintained by the Coast Guard on a reimbursable basis. The charge for the original establishment in the case of permanent aids shall be based on the actual cost thereof. The charge for maintenance, including servicing time, shall be in accordance with Part 74 of this subchapter. In the case of temporary establishments, the charge for both establishment and maintenance shall be in accordance with Part 74 of this subchapter. In very minor cases charges may be waived by the Commandant to simplify administrative procedures.

(c) Any Federal Agency other than the Armed Forces desiring to establish and maintain its own aids to navigation shall follow the procedure described in Part 66 of this subchapter.

[CGFR 52-15, 18 F.R. 4, Jan. 1, 1953, as amended by CGFR 58-50, 24 F.R. 5606, July 11, 1959]

§ 62.01-15 Anchorage areas.

Anchorage areas in the waters of the United States which have been defined and established by the Secretary of the Army are marked by the U.S. Coast Guard.

(42 Stat. 844; 33 U. S. C. 472)

§ 62.01-20 Quarantine areas.

Upon request of the District Director, U.S. Public Health Service, the Coast Guard will mark quarantine anchorage areas designated by the Surgeon General, U.S. Public Health Service.

(42 Stat. 844; 33 U. S. C. 472)

§ 62.01-30

Marking pierheads on the northern and northwestern lakes. The Coast Guard will mark all pierheads belonging to the United States situated on the northern and northwestern lakes whenever the District Commander is notified by the District Engineer that the construction of any such pierhead has been completed.

(R. S. 4677, as amended; 33 U. S. C. 735) § 62.01-35 Markings for marine parades and regattas.

(a) For the purpose of protecting life and property the Commandant may authorize the establishment of aids to navigation to mark marine parades and regattas which are regulated by the Coast Guard. For marine parade and regatta regulations, see Part 100 of this chapter.

(b) Any aids to navigation authorized in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section will consist of standard type Coast Guard aids to navigation, except, however, the Coast Guard will place special type markings in lieu of Coast Guard aids to navigation: Provided, The sponsors of the regatta or marine parade furnish and deliver the markers they desire together with any special appurtenances to a mutually agreed upon location at no expense to the Federal Government. The Coast Guard, in placing and maintaining such special type markings will assume no responsibility for them, nor will it expend funds or perform other than minor repair services to maintain their condition.

(c) The maintenance of any aids to navigation established in accordance with the foregoing paragraphs will be limited to the period of the marine parade or regatta.

(d) The locating of such markings will be made by the methods commonly employed by the Coast Guard. Any special surveys required must be arranged for by the sponsors of the marine parade or regatta at no expense to the Coast Guard.

(e) All aids to navigation established to mark race courses, regattas, marine parades, or other water events, other than those established by the Coast Guard as provided for in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section shall be considered private aids to navigation, and shall be regulated as prescribed in Part 66 of this subchapter.

(Secs. 1-4, 35 Stat. 69, as amended; 46 U. S. C. 454-457)

(a) Requests and recommendations pertaining to maritime aids to navigation, or reports of aids no longer needed should be mailed to the District Commander concerned, or to the Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, Washington 25, D.C.

(b) Requests or recommendations for improvements should be supported with information on the following in order to justify the action proposed:

(1) Quantity, type, capacity and value of vessels involved, and the extent that these vessels traverse the area under consideration seasonally, by day, and by night.

(2) Where practicable, the type of navigating devices, such as compasses, radio direction finder, radar, loran, and searchlights, with which such vessels are equipped.

(3) The number of passengers; and type, quantity, and value of cargo involved.

(4) A chart section or sketch showing the action proposed when necessary to clearly describe the recommended improvement.

[CGFR 58-50, 24 F.R. 5606, July 11, 1959] § 62.10-5 Armed Forces.

(a) Requests for the establishment of aids to air navigation or loran service should be addressed to the Secretary of the Treasury (see paragraph (b) of § 62.01-5). Requests for the establishment of other aids to navigation should be addressed to the appropriate District Commander (see paragraph (a) of § 62.01-5).

(b) Requests and recommendations concerning the operation of any aid to navigation maintained by the Coast Guard should be addressed to the appropriate District Commander.

(c) Requests and recommendations should be made as far in advance as possible of the time of actual need in order that required funds may be considered in preparing Coast Guard budget estimates. When such requests or recommendations require work not normally covered by or specifically included in Coast Guard appropriations the aids will be established and maintained by the Coast Guard as soon as funds are made available for the purpose. In every case, the requesting agency will be advised of the estimated date of establishment. In any case where the Coast Guard is unable, with its own funds, to establish aids to navigation as soon as the requesting agency may desire, earlier action by the Coast Guard will depend upon the Agency's ability to make the necessary funds available. Such work will be undertaken on a reimbursable basis. Reimbursement in connection therewith will be arrived at by the determinations made by the District Commander and approved by the Commandant. In minor cases, such as the temporary placement of an aid, preparation charges will be made in accordance with Part 74 of this subchapter when such work is clearly apart from routine operations.

(d) Charges are not made by the Coast Guard for the servicing and maintenance of aids to navigation established for the Armed Forces except in the case of wreck markings established at the request of the Corps of Engineers.

[CGFR 58-50, 24 F.R. 5606, July 11, 1959] § 62.10-10 Federal agencies.

Requests and recommendations from Federal Agencies other than the Armed Forces for the establishment or improvement of aids to navigation should be addressed to the appropriate District Commander.

Subpart 62.15-Reporting Defects § 62.15-1 Procedure.

Mariners are requested to notify immediately the nearest District Commander of any defects observed in an aid to navigation. Experienced mariners realize that the Coast Guard cannot keep the thousands of aids to navigation comprising the federal system under simultaneous and continuous observation and that, for this reason, it is impossible to maintain every buoy, daybeacon, light, fog signal and other aid operating properly and on its charted position at all times. Therefore, the

safety of the mariner and that of all persons embarked or serving in vessels will be enhanced if every person who discovers an aid to be missing, sunk, capsized, or damaged, or who observes a defect in the position or characteristic of any aid, will promptly notify the Coast Guard of the fact. Radio messages should be prefixed "Coast Guard" and transmitted directly to one of the United States Government shore radio stations listed under "Communication" in Section 400B of Radio Navigational Aids HO-117 for relay to the District Commander. If the radio call sign of the nearest United States Government radio shore station is not known, radio-telegraph communication may be established by the use of the general call "NCG" on the frequency of 500 kilocycles. chant ships may send messages relating, to defects noted in aids to navigation through commercial facilities only when they are unable to contact a United States shore radio station. Charges for these messages will be accepted "collect" by the Coast Guard.

Mer

head of navigation. As all channels do not lead from seaward, at times arbitrary assumptions must be made in order that the system may be consistently applied. The characteristics assigned to buoys are based on the assumption that proceeding in a southerly direction along the Atlantic Coast, in a northerly and westerly direction along the Gulf Coast, in a northerly direction on the Pacific Coast, and in a westerly and northerly direction on the Great Lakes (except Lake Michigan), and in a southerly direction on Lake Michigan, is proceeding from seaward.

(b) On the Intracoastal Waterway proceeding in a general southerly direction along the Atlantic Coast, and in a general westerly direction along the Gulf Coast, is considered as proceeding from seaward. On the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers and their tributaries the aids to navigation characteristics are determined as proceeding from sea toward the head of navigation although local terminology describes "left bank" and "right bank" as proceeding with the flow of the river.

[CGFR 5-15, 18 F.R. 4, Jan. 1, 1953, as amended by CGFR 58-50, 24 F.R. 5606, July 11, 1959]

When proceeding from seaward:

(a) Black buoys mark the port (left) sides of channels, or the location of wrecks or obstructions which must be passed by keeping the buoy on the port (left) hand.

(b) Red buoys mark the starboard (right) sides of channels, or the location of wrecks or obstructions which must be passed by keeping the buoy on the starboard (right) hand.

(c) Red and black horizontally banded buoys mark junctions or bifurcations in the channel, or wrecks or obstructions which may be passed on either side. If the topmost band is black, the preferred channel will be followed by keeping the buoy on the port (left) hand. If the topmost band is red, the preferred channel will be followed by keeping the buoy on the starboard (right) hand.

NOTE: When proceeding toward seaward, it may not be possible to pass on either side of these buoys, and the chart should always be consulted.

(d) Black and white vertically striped buoys mark the fairway or midchannel and should be passed close to, on either side.

In order to provide ready identification certain unlighted buoys are differentiated by shape.

(a) Red buoys, or red and black horizontally banded buoys with the topmost band red are conical shaped and called nun buoys.

(b) Black buoys, or black and red horizontally banded buoys with the topmost band black are cylindrical shaped and called can buoys.

(c) Black and white vertically striped buoys may be either nun or can buoys. The shape has no significance in this case. Lighted buoys, sound buoys, and spar buoys are not differentiated by shape to indicate the side on which they should be passed. No special significance is attached to the shapes of these buoys, their purpose being indicated only by the coloring, numbering, or light characteristics.

(a) All solid red and solid black buoys are numbered, the red buoys bearing even numbers and the black buoys bearing odd numbers, the numbers for each increasing from seaward. The numbers are kept in approximate sequence on both sides of a channel by omitting numbers where required.

(b) No other color buoys are numbered; however, any color buoy may be lettered for the purpose of identification.

§ 62.25-20 Light color characteristics.

Red lights on buoys are used only on red buoys or red and black horizontally banded buoys with the topmost band red. Green lights on buoys are used only on the black buoys or black and red horizontally banded buoys with the topmost band black. White lights on buoys are used on any color buoy. No special significance is attached to a white light on a buoy, the purpose of the buoy being indicated by its color, number, or its light phase characteristic.

(a) Intracoastal Waterway aids to navigation have characteristic yellow markings which distinguish them from aids to navigation marking other waters. Buoys and single piles have a yellow band at the top; daymarks have a yellow border.

(b) When the Intracoastal Waterway route coincides with another waterway, such as a river on which the aids to navigation are marked from the sea to the head of navigation according to the lateral system of buoyage, special markings are used consisting of yellow squares or yellow triangles painted on a conspicuous part of such dual-purpose aids to navigation. A yellow triangle on an aid to navigation indicates that the aid must be left on the starboard side, and a yellow square on an aid indicates that it must be left on the port side, regardless of the color or number of the aid, when traversing the Intracoastal Waterway route from north to south on the Atlantic coast and from east to west along the Gulf Coast.

§ 62.25-35 Special purpose buoys.

(a) Buoys for special purposes which have no lateral significance are colored as follows. White buoys mark anchorage areas. Yellow buoys mark quarantine anchorage areas. White buoys with green tops are used in connection with dredging and survey operations. White and black alternate horizontally banded buoys mark fish net areas. White and international orange buoys alternately banded, either horizontally or vertically, are for special purposes to which neither the lateral system colors nor the other special purpose colors apply. Yellow and black vertically striped buoys are used for seadrome markings and have no marine significance.

(b) The shape of special purpose buoys has no significance. They are not numbered, but may be lettered. They may display any color light except red or green. Only fixed, occulting, or slow flashing characteristics are used. This section does not apply to aids to navigation marking floating plant moorings which shall be lighted as prescribed by the Secretary of the Army.

§ 62.25-40 Buoys marking wrecks.

Buoys established by the Coast Guard to mark wrecks are generally placed on the seaward or channel side of the wreck and as near to the wreck as conditions will permit.

§ 62.25-45 Minor lights and day. beacons.

Minor lights and daybeacons used to mark the sides of channels are given numbers and characteristics in accordance with the lateral system of buoyage. § 62.25-50

Reflectors.

(a) Buoys are liable to be carried away, shifted, capsized, sunk, etc.; lighted buoys may be extinguished or sound buoys may not function as the result of storm, the accumulation of ice, running ice or other natural causes, collision or other accident.

(b) For the foregoing reasons, mariners should not rely completely upon the position or operation of floating aids to navigation, but should also utilize bearings from fixed objects and aids to navigation on shore.

(c) Station buoys are sometimes placed in close proximity to a major aid to mark the station in case the regular aid is accidentally shifted from station. Station buoys are colored and numbered the same as the regular aid to naviga

Lightships are aids to navigation placed in exposed locations where it is impractical to construct fixed aids to navigation. They provide light, fog, and radiobeacon signals, and are distinguished from each other by the characteristics of their signals in the same manner as any other aid to navigation. The characteristics of the various lightships are given in the Light Lists.

§ 62.30-5 Relief lightships.

Relief lightships may be placed at any of the lightship stations, and, when practicable, exhibit light, sound and radiobeacon signals having the same characteristic of the station.

§ 62.30-10 Color and name.

All lightships, except Lake Huron Lightship, are painted red with the name of the station in white on both sides; Lake Huron Lightship is painted black with the name of the station painted in white on both sides. Relief lightships are painted the same color as the regular station ships, with the word "RELIEF” in white letters on both sides. § 62.30-15 Identification.

Lightships, especially relief lightships, will display the international code signal of the station whenever a vessel is approaching or is in the vicinity and there are any indications that such a vessel is in strange waters or fails to recognize the station, or whenever a vessel asks for the information.