General SEEMAN. It is a carryover. It is not the weapons so much as the material going into it, the type of steel, the various alloys of the various metals that are used, to try to cut down weight, to improve the quality of the steel for machining and various purposes like that. They do it by putting in these radioactive tracers and following it through to various processes.

Senator STENNIS. But you are not training anything now or having any manufacturing of antiaircraft?

General SEEMAN. The antiaircraft tube artillery is going out of the picture, there is no question about it.

Senator STENNIS. It has gone out, hasn't it?

General SEEMAN. Yes, sir.

Senator STENNIS. Do you have any of those units you are maintaining now over here?

General SEEMAN. I believe there are still a few units that have not been completely converted.

Senator STENNIS. All right.

WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE, N. MEX.

General SEEMAN. Next is the White Sands Missile Range on page 36. There are two items there for a total of $1,233,000, sir, a telephone exchange building and electric power for their range instrumentation.

On the telephone exchange, this facility is urgently required to house a central dial telephone exchange with its related activities. The exchange will initially serve 4,500 telephone lines, but will eventually expand to a 6,000 line system. The related activities necessary for operation include cryptographic center, classified telecon room, Army Security Agency operations section, telephone equipment repair activities, 8-position local switchboard, commercial telegraph facilities, cable vaults, battery storage rooms, and post signal administration functions.

At present they are using a room in the headquarters building which cannot be expanded and they are also using a quonset hut, and they just need more service, more space, and this recommendation is to put them together in one place and give room for General Laidlaw's people in the headquarters building. The range instrumentation electric power item is to try to bring in commercial power and tie in the various range stations.

Senator STENNIS. Yes; I imagine that is satisfactory. Unless there is some question, pass on.

General SEEMAN. That completes the Ordnance Corps.

QUARTERMASTER CORPS

ATLANTA GENERAL DEPOT, GA.

General SEEMAN. The next is Quartermaster Corps.
Senator STENNIS. Senator Case has a question it seems.

Senator CASE. No.

Senator STENNIS. All right, proceed.

General SEEMAN. The Quartermaster Corps starting on page 43, the first station is the Atlanta General Depot. As our Army aircraft

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mission is increasing, we have to provide space for their appropriate fourth and fifth echelon maintenance.

The first installation is Atlanta General Depot, Ga. Only one line item is being requested.

This line item is to convert building S-922 to aircraft maintenance shop costing $365,000.

This facility is required to provide fourth echelon maintenance for 618 aircraft assigned to installations within 3d Army, and additional third echelon supply support for 60 aircraft cross-service agreement to installations nearest AGD. Mission was expanded July 1, 1958, to include fourth echelon maintenance. The original mission was for backup support only. Existing maintenance shops were improvised in 3 semipermanent type buildings, each approximately 76 feet by 270 feet with two-story classroom wings, 45 feet by 45 feet. These buildings are wood frame with concrete floor, wood siding and builtup roofs, completed in 1942 and are in good condition. In addition a nose hangar (4,200 square feet), paint spray building (1,903 square feet) and four storage buildings, (2,042 square feet each) are also used. The three larger buildings are inadequate because low headroom (15 feet under trusses), aisles limited by width of buildings, does not permit passage of major components between shops. The wide dispersion of the shops also seriously hampers any flow of smaller components which may be maintained. "Aisles 60 feet in width with at least 20 feet headroom are required, for assembly and disassembly of the major portion of aircraft. The expanded mission also requires additional space for fuel component test shop (800 square feet), cylinder rebuilt shop (2,200 square feet), parts reclamation shop (2,400 square feet), expansion of sheet metal shop and hydraulic shop and space for storage of replacement parts. The existing three larger buildings will be retained for storage purposes as needed, the other six smaller buildings will remain in service as aircraft maintenance facilities. No other facilities are available which can be used in present condition to satisfy requirement. No savings can be claimed for proposed facility, since requirement is for additional space needed to accomplish mission.

FORT LEE, VA.

The next installation is Fort Lee, Va.

This installation is the seat of the Quartermaster Training Command which exercises control over all Quartermaster Corps training activities in the field. Two line items are being requested totaling $577,000.

The first line item is for two battalion headquarters and storeroom building for $214,000. This item is required to provide permanent administrative and supply facilities for Quartermaster Battalion Headquarters and headquarters detachments. These facilities will support troop units in existing permanent barracks, and barracks which are under construction. Temporary administrative buildings are not located in close proximity to these permanent structures as they were demolished as part of the troop housing project. The proposed facilities will be centrally located within the respective housing

area, which will provide closer staff supervision and coordination of assigned units. The temporary buildings, which are being utilized as headquarters buildings are World War II temporary type structures located approximately 0.5 mile from the permanent barracks. These temporary buildings have inadequate heating systems (50 percent efficiency), no ventilation systems, and poor lighting. If this item is not provided, the command and administrative functions will be separated from assigned units, resulting in reduced efficiency.

The second line item is for conversion of heating plant and extension to gas distribution lines costing $363,000. This involves the conversion of eight low-pressure steam boilers from hand-fired coal to automatic combination gas/oil fired plants, and one steam stoker fired to gas fired.

The conversion of 9 existing heating plants will service 13 existing buildings which will be retained in the long range program. These buildings are presently heated with hand-fired coal-fueled 100 horsepower fire-tube steam boilers which are being serviced by civilian firemen. It is estimated that the cost of converting will be amortized in 36 months on the savings realized from operating labor, fuel, and maintenance. If conversion is not accomplished, repairs to operate the existing plants in the amount of $79,000 are required. The requested extension of gas distribution lines from A Avenue to the shop area is required to serve the permanent facilities constructed in the fiscal year 1956, 1957, 1958, and 1959 MCA programs.

The next station on page 50 is the New Cumberland General Depot, a very small item for a shop to handle the diesel locomotives that move the cars in and around the depot.

Senator STENNIS. Pardon me now, I got lost.

General SEEMAN. Page 50, sir.

Senator STENNIS. Fort Lee, that item there, the conversion heating plant, that is just going over to gas, is that what you mean?

General SEEMAN. It is a conversion of some old heating plants of low pressure steam into more modern plants.

Some of them will remain, will be kept in standby. They estimate that if they do not accomplish this conversion, they will have to make major repairs of the existing plants. They have been in use for 18 years, and this would be highly uneconomical.

Senator STENNIS. What about your storeroom buildings, down there? It seems to me when you have such a large installation as this you ought to be able to find facilities for storerooms. Maybe not as convenient or as modern as new ones, but you have got $63 million down there already.

General SEEMAN. Well, these battalion headquarters and storerooms are very intimately connected with the men themselves. It is their operation and it is not storage of supplies of a bulk nature. It is the immediate concern of the battalions that are in those permanent barracks. They have temporary buildings that are half a mile or a mile or so away.

It is just that they are not there for the service of the people that are living in the barracks.

Senator STENNIS. All right, next item?

NEW CUMBERLAND GENERAL DEPOT, PA.

General SEEMAN. The next installation is New Cumberland General Depot, Pa. The mission of this depot is to receive, store, and distribute all types of Quartermaster, Ordnance, Chemical, Engineer, and Signal Corps supplies; fourth echelon maintenance and depot support of CONUS Army aircraft.

The item is for a small locomotive repair shop at $89,000. They have an existing shed for that, but it is a sheet iron shed and cannot be heated in the winter, and the roof leaks and it is unsafe. Senator STENNIS. $89,000? All right, sir.

QUARTERMASTER RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING CENTER, MASS.

General SEEMAN. The next installation is the Quartermaster Research and Engineering Center, Mass., on page 53. The basic mission of this center is to translate development prototypes to mass producible items and to provide technical services and engineering support to the Quartermaster Corps. Four line items are being requested for this station totaling $3,628,000. Three of these items are to provide laboratory and administrative facilities for research and engineering activities of the Quartermaster Food and Container Institute for the Armed Forces. This facility is now located at the Chicago Administration Center which is scheduled to be disposed of due to obsolescence and costly upkeep.

The first line item is for an office and heavy laboratory building for $1,783,000.

The office portion of the proposed structure will house administrative elements of the Research and Engineering Command (now located in the development building) and a consolidated library. This will release equivalent space in existing buildings for occupancy by laboratory and administrative elements of Food and Container Institute. The laboratory wing will house lab equipment requiring independent foundations due to heavy loading or vibration, together with closely related activities. Collateral equipment costs comprise $306,000 for purchase of new laboratory equipment and $141,000 for installation of new and reused equipment (including necessary repairs).

The second line item is for a development building addition and conversion in the amount of $1,643,000. This involves the conversion of the first floor of this existing building from office space to basic research laboratory facilities to centralize laboratory services.

This item is required to provide facilities for in-house research and engineering activities of the Quartermaster Food and Container Institute of the Armed Forces, now located at the Chicago Administration Center. Based on fiscal year 1959 dollar figures, 51 percent of Food and Container Institute work is conducted in-house. This capability is required, since other Government agencies and private industry lack experience and interest in developing subsistence items and containers which meet military requirements, but may not be salable in the civilian market, for example, precooked, dehydrated, and irradiated foods. The recent decision to suspend construction of a pilot production plant for radiation preservation of foods at Sharpe General

Depot will have no impact on the requirement for Food and Container Institute facilities for continued research and development of food irradiation preservation processes.

The existing development building at the Quartermaster Research and Engineering Center is a specially designed laboratory structure. The entire first floor is now devoted to office use. To minimize the cost of meeting facilities requirements of the Food and Container Insttiute, it is proposed to convert this space for laboratory use and relocate the present occupants to the less costly office facility which is included in line item 15. Other Food and Container Institute lab requirements would be met by extending the length of the existing 3-story and basement development building.

Collateral equipment costs comprise $517,000 for new lab equipment and $235,000 for installation of reused equipment (including necessary repairs).

The third line item is for animal laboratory facilities at a cost of $168,000. This item is also in the Food and Container Institute. Investigation of climatic effects and nutrition upon operational efficiency by the use of human subjects has just about reached the limit of practicability. More stressful, long-continued, or hazardous conditions which may be expected to occur frequently under combat conditions, space flight, and temperature extremes cannot be studied by these means. In these fields, animal and human reactions must be studied together to the limit of human tolerance; then continued on animals alone into more extreme conditions. The limited number of enlisted men test subjects limits the use of humans to only those studies for which they are essential, and substitution of animal experiments wherever possible.

Existing facilities for animal work are strictly temporary and inadequate. At the Food and Container Institute, pigs are housed in an unventilated basement area of a warehouse-type building. Quartermaster Research and Engineering Center animals are housed in a truck-trailer van and refrigerator boxes modified for such use. Supply, care, and disposal of animals at the Quartermaster Research and Engineering Center are handled by contract at present. It is not feasible to provide adequate facilities by modification of existing structures. It is planned to construct the permanent animal laboratory facilities at the Maynard Quartermaster test activity, approximately 12 miles from the parent Quartermaster Research and Engineering Center.

The animal laboratory activities described above are so interrelated and the experiments are so mutually dependent that consolidation of these operations in a single facility is considered to be justified without regard to the future location of the Quartermaster Food and Container Institute. Such consolidation will serve to reduce the leadtime for many developments in this field.

As the solar furnace comes into full operation, many animals will be required and the present contract arrangements for supply, care, and disposal will be inadequate. If the proposed facility is provided, many of the animals could be used for other purposes (after recovery from burns) instead of being disposed of by the contractor. This would effect a significant economy in the cost of animals.