in so rapidly, and they are so green in professional and technical qualifications, that we have had to standardize our methods of instruction. This training film program has increased tremendously, and we are getting requests from all of the various bureaus of the Navy Department to provide more and more training films, and the distribution of those is assuming large proportions.

Admiral TowNS. That, you understand, is for the entire Navy training program. It is not only aviation training, but for training divers and quartermasters and welders and every kind of training. Mr. TABER. I think that is all, Mr. Chairman.

Mr. RABAUT. You think this photographic bill is really necessary ? Admiral ToWERS. Yes, sir.

Mr. RABAUT. Last time I think we took off about $5,000,000 from that item. I do not know whether it was put back or not.

Admiral TOWERS. Subsequent events have proved that we had to get some of the equipment that was included in that $5,000,000.

Mr. RABAUT. În account of the great speed at which you are taking on personnel, this assists you in teaching them-at least part of the money is for that purpose?

Admiral TOWERS. It is of tremendous assistance, these training films, plus synthetic training devices; by that I mean devices that give the people in a building somewhere a realistic presentation of the problems of shooting or flying, or doing work aboard ship. They are great money savers and great time savers.

AIRPLANE CARRIERS

Mr. LUDLOW. The Under Secretary of the Navy, Mr. Forrestal, spoke very impressively today about airplane carriers, and he stated, I believe, that in his opinion that was the most important part of the construction program. I do not see in your estimate anything here for airplane carriers.

Admiral TowERS. They come under the Bureau of Ships.

Mr. LUDLOW. They come under a different bureau?

Admiral TowERS. Yes, sir.

(Discussion off the record.)

Mr. RABAUT. Is it necessary that they be as large as they are?
Admiral ToWERS. I think so.

Mr. RABAUT. It makes them a great target—their size.

Admiral TOWERS. That is correct, but it also gives them much more protection. They can take much more punishment, and they can operate more airplanes. The small carrier does not really pay; it is not an economy.

EXPENDITURES FOR ADDITIONAL PLANES

Mr. WIGGLESWORTH. If you get this money, Admiral, when do you contemplate spending the $2,800,000,000 that is required for these additional planes? When would it all be spent?

Admiral TowERS. We place contracts immediately and, of course, have to make advance payments on those contracts. Assuming that our estimates are correct, we contemplate spending $1,000,000,000 in the fiscal year 1943.

Mr. WIGGLESWORTH. And the balance in the next fiscal year?

Admiral TOWERS. With just a little carry-over into the fiscal year 1945.

Captain COBEY. $997,000,000 is to be spent this fiscal year, according to our estimates; $1,700,000,000 in 1944; and $165,000,000 left over for 1945. That is the estimate.

Mr. WIGGLESWORTH. By the same token, substantially all these planes would be delivered in the fiscal years 1943 and 1944?

Captain COBEY. Yes, sir, with a few delivered in the fiscal year

1945.

Admiral TOWERS. The fiscal years 1943 and 1944, with the exception of some hundreds costing about $165,000,000, that will go over into 1945.

Mr. WIGGLESWORTH. When you revise your remarks, will you put in the record the amount that has actually been expended out of the total of $5,766,406,962 that has been appropriated to date. I do not think we got that figure at the time. You gave us the figure for the fiscal year 1942. I would like to get the total sum expended out of the appropriation between the fiscal years 1940 to 1943, inclusive.

Captain COBEY. As stated above, of the total amount of $5,766,406,962 appropriated for construction of naval aircraft from 1940 to 1943, inclusive, there has been obligated to date $5,421,357,395, with $207,500,000 more now in process of obligation. Of this total appropriation of $5,766,406,962, the sum of $971,256,804 has been expended from the Treasury through June 1942. The rate of expenditure increases very rapidly from June on throughout the fiscal year.

The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Admiral Towers. We will say goodbye and wish you godspeed and a happy and victorious return. Admiral TOWERS. Thank you, sir.

THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER, 24, 1942.

MARINE CORPS

STATEMENTS OF MAJ. GEN. SETH WILLIAMS, QUARTERMASTER; BRIG. GEN. H. SCHMIDT, COL. M. B. CURTIS

The CHAIRMAN. General Schmidt, the Marine Corps has been making glorious history these last few days. We want you to know that we appreciate it, and we feel that it is due you to say so. Can you tell us briefly something of what you have been doing and what there is ahead of you?

(Statement off the record.)

PAY, MARINE CORPS, 1943

The CHAIRMAN. I notice you have an estimate of $204,448,642 in House Document No. 845 for pay of the Marine Corps. Would you tell us in a general way why you need this increased amount? Of course we realize that there is increased personnel.

Colonel CURTIS. The original appropriation for the fiscal year 1943 provides for an average strength of 7,420 officers and 104,000 enlisted

men. A revised personnel program has been approved by the President, and this program requires a supplemental appropriation for an additional ______ officers and ____ enlisted men on an annual average basis.

The main reason, of course, is the additional strength. Also, the enactment of the Pay Readjustment Act of 1942 and the Servicemen's Dependents Allowance Act of 1942 results in an increased average cost of pay and allowances of officers and enlisted men.

The CHAIRMAN. Is this additional amount due entirely to increased personnel, or is it involved in any legislation which has been recently enacted?

Colonel CURTIS. The Pay Readjustment Act of 1942-that is the act which raised the pay of enlisted men and in a few cases of officersaccounts for $37,222,883 of this estimate. The Servicemen's Dependents Allowance Act-that is the family allowance-takes care of $24,960,096.

The CHAIRMAN. What about foreign-duty pay?

Colonel CURTIS. The sea- and foreign-duty pay, the act of March 7, 1942, accounts for $21,194,101 of this amount; and the new Executive order of the President for subsistence and quarters allowance of enlisted men and increase in the cost of commuted rations accounts for $1,331,094.

Mr. LUDLOW. How many men are there in the Marine Corps now? Lieutenant FAIRBURN. Approximately

Mr. LUDLOW. What is the statutory provision, and what is your objective?

Lieutenant FAIRBURN. It is

June 30.

by December 31, and

by

Mr. LUDLOW. You expect to recruit up to the statutory limitation? Lieutenant FAIRBURN. Yes, sir.

Mr. TABER. This item of $165,000,000 is $88,000,000 more than the gross of all funds appropriated. Now, when we made that last appropriation for you, I thought we were told that you were aiming at 200,000 at that time.

Colonel CURTIS. I do not recognize the item of $165,000,000, Mr. Taber, but our last appropriation for pay was based on an average strength of 104,000.

Mr. TABER. When you were up here last?

Colonel CURTIS. Yes, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Colonel Curtis.

GENERAL EXPENSES, MARINE CORPS, 1943

The CHAIRMAN. General Williams, you have an estimate here for a quarter of a million dollars for general expenses of the Marine Corps. What have you to say about that?

General WILLIAMS. This supplemental estimate is to maintain a corps of ------ enlisted men, or an average of for the fiscal year 1943, plus the necessary increases due to the change of prices and changes in conditions for the maintenance of the original 104,000 men that were appropriated for; the clothing and individual equipment for a corps of men-because we have to furnish the clothing and equipment for the full strength, but that is the difference between

and ------ or ; then the organizational equipment for additional organizations that will be formed from a strength of enlisted men, and that is an increase in organizational equipment from ______ to

The submission of this estimate for organizational equipment from 285,000 to 369,400 is to eliminate the time lag in the purchase and delivery of this equipment.

On page 2 (a) of the justifications we have made up a complete new estimate of the cost of operating the Marine Corps, and deducted from that what has already been appropriated. In the rounded-off figure of the Bureau of the Budget it comes to $250,000,000. The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, General Williams.

THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, 1942.

COAST GUARD

STATEMENTS OF VICE ADMIRAL R. R. WAESCHE, COMMANDANT; AND REAR ADMIRAL F. J. GORMAN

The CHAIRMAN. Admiral Waesche, we are very glad to see you again across the table.

Admiral WAESCHE. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

The CHAIRMAN. Before we go into your estimates, Admiral Waesche, as shown in House Document No. 845, we thought perhaps you would like to make a general statement as to the part which your forces are playing in the war. Of course it may be off the record, if you wish.

GENERAL STATEMENT

Admiral WAESCHE. Mr. Chairman, I have a prepared statement here which I would like to have put in the record. It will give a summary of the needs for the deficiency and supplemental estimates which are submitted.

(The statement referred to is as follows:)

DEFICIENCY ESTIMATES FOR THE FISCAL YEAR 1942

The deficiency estimate for the fiscal year 1942 under the heading "Pay and allowances, Coast Guard (Navy), 1942," in the sum of $1,414,000, is made necessary by the increase in pay and allowances granted to military personnel of the Coast Guard under the Pay Readjustment Act of 1942, the provisions of which were effective from June 1, 1942; and by the enactment of the Service Men's Dependents Allowance Act of 1942, approved June 23, 1942, which authorized and directed the payment of certain allowances to the dependents of enlisted men in the 4th, 5th, and 6th pay grades, the provisions of which were likewise effective from June 1, 1942.

The amount requested under this heading for the fiscal year 1942 is limited to the actual deficiency in the 1942 appropriation caused by payment of increased pay and allowances and the dependents' allowances for the month of June, pursuant to the acts of Congress mentioned above.

SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATES FOR THE FISCAL YEAR 1943

The supplemental estimates for the Coast Guard for the fiscal year 1943, approved by the Budget and forwarded by the President in House Document No. 845, in the sum of $338,661,000, were made necessary by legislation increasing the pay and allowances of military personnel and their dependents and by the additional officer and enlisted personnel and equipment required by the Coast Guard to carry out additional and expanding duties, responsibility for which has been placed upon the Coast Guard by directives of the Secretary of the Navy and the Commander in Chief of the United States Fleet and Chief of Naval Operations, and for which no provision was made in the annual appropriation for the fiscal year 1943. The total amount required is distributed among five appropriations as follows:

The amount requested under this heading is made up of the sum of $6,480 required by the reallocation of civil-service positions at Coast Guard headquarters, and $488,520 for the compensation of 339 additional civil-service employees distributed throughout the several divisions and offices of Coast Guard headquarters as set forth in the justifications.

In the annual appropriation for the fiscal year 1943 provision was made for 563 civil service positions at Coast Guard headquarters, required for the administration of an average personnel strength of approximately officers and enlisted men, and the number of units, both ashore and affoat, estimated to be operated prior to the expansion caused by directives of the Secretary of the Navy in connection with the establishment and maintenance of the shore beach patrol, and an antisubmarine patrol comprising seagoing yachts and motorboats numbering into the thousands. The estimates before you provide for an average personnel strength for the Coast Guard for the current fiscal year of approximately officers and enlisted men

and contemplate the addition of several thousand vessels and several hundred shore units. This large increase in personnel and matériel has made absolutely necessary the additional civil service clerical positions requested, and 235 positions have actually been filled to date, with 104 in the process of being filled. It should be pointed out that the number of additional civil service positions requested has been kept at the very minimum and the total of 339 is sufficient only to keep abreast of the work at Coast Guard headquarters at the present time, when the Service is at a personnel strength of approximately 90,000 and several hundred shore and floating units are in the process of being acquired. A total of 339 positions will not be sufficient to meet the needs of Coast Guard headquarters for the remainder of the fiscal year 1943, but in order to avoid building up a large civil service establishment and particularly in view of the difficulty in securing qualified civil service personnel under present conditions, it is expected that the additional clerical, administrative, and fiscal help will be provided by enlisted personnel in advanced age groups, those who are not physically fit for combat duty, retired personnel brought back to active duty for noncombat duty, and women to be enlisted in the Coast Guard under pending legislation.

In this connection it is requested that the language of the appropriation "Salaries, Office of Commandant, United States Coast Guard, 1943," as submitted in the document be amended by the addition of the following phrase:

"And the existing limitation on the number of enlisted men who may be detailed to Coast Guard headquarters is hereby repealed."

The restriction on the number of enlisted men detailed to the Navy Department and headquarters of the Marine Corps has heretofore been removed, and the same reasons which made this action by the committtee desirable and necessary in the case of other bureaus in the Naval Establishment apply equally to the Coast Guard. The Selective Service System is rapidly depleting Coast Guard head