15th.-Started at the usual time, and I part. Their plan is to cast a loose sheet about sunset arrived at Chunar, a station occupied by invalid soldiers, &c., beautifully situated on the west bank of the Ganges. The fort is built upon a rocky kind of promontory, and appears very strong. The Rev. Mr. Bowley of the Church Mission, is stationed here but at present he is out in the district, and consequently I could not see him. 16th. Started about 11 A. M., and at sunset put to within sight of Benares. about the body, which they exchange for their dry clothes when they come out. This is certainly less disgusting than the practice in some parts of the country, where thousands of men and women bathe together in a state of entire nudity. How different this from the genius of the gospel, which enjoins modesty, shamefacedness, and chasteness of behaviour in all things. Called upon Mr. Smith of the Baptist, and Mr. Watt of the London Society. The former is a country-born man, of the class called Eurasian, or East Indian. A plain, humble man, apparently devoted to his work. Mr. W. has been but a short time in the country, but bids fair to be a highly useful missionary. 17th.-Arrived off Benares a little after sunrise and came to at the lowest landing about 9 A.M.—was struck with the fine appearance of the city viewed from the river. Situated on the exterior of a noble curve of the river, it presents a kind of panoramic view four or five miles in length. The front is thickly studded with temples, some of which are large and handsome. But the most conspicuous building is the grand mosque, built expressly to rival all the temples in this metropolis of Hinduism. The minarets peer far above the most lofty dome in the city. The ghats, or landings, of which there are a great many, and some of them constructed at great expense, presented a most busy scene. Thousands of people of every age and sex were seen crowding into the water to perform their ablutions, in the vain hope of washing away not only the impurities of the body, but the deeper stains of the soul. Some of the ghats are esteemed more sacred than the rest; these of course were the most crowded. Especially those resorted to by the women. It is truly sickening to see the wanton crowd that assemble about these ghats to gaze upon these poor deluded females as of the finest cities I have seen in Inthey dauntlessly expose their persons in dia. The buildings are large and subperformance of the prescribed ceremonies stantial and very compactly built. The of their religion. It is due, however, to streets, in many instances, are only from the poor women to say, that they do ap-six to ten feet wide, and of course very 18th.-Sabbath. Preached this morning for Mr. Smith in English, and at 12 attended his service in Hindi. At 4 P. M. I attended a Hindustani service at the London Mission's chapel. Their catechist, Naripat, conducted the service. After service called and spent the evening with Mr. Smith of the Church Missionary Society. He is an active, efficient man, and excels in vernacular preaching. At Mr. Smith's I also met a German Missionary of the Church Society, whose name I do not recollect. Mr. S. has 140 orphan children under his care, to whom he devotes at present the principal part of his time. pear to have some sense of shame, and make an effort to conceal their bodies in *This mosque was built by the Emperor Aurungzebe, who, to humble the pride of his Hindu subjects, caused one of their principal temples to be pulled down, and a mosque to be erected on the site, which should overtop every other building in the city. 19th.-Ascended one of the minarets of the great mosque this morning, from which I had a fine view of the whole of this great city. The scene was truly imposing. This is, in all respects, one crooked and irregular. The population is variously estimated at from 200,000 to 400,000. The Baptist mission here was commenced twenty-six years ago, the others have been in operation, I believe, about half that time. Their success, like that of most missions in India, has been partial-neither of the missions have now more than eight or ten converts. Their orphan schools, however, will in time furnish the materials for a native church, should the Lord visit them with the outpouring of his Spirit. Left Benares at twelve, and proceeded about three kos till the usual time to stop. 20th. Started an hour before day, having the benefit of moonlight, but only progressed seven or eight kos. Put to at a small village, where I collected, as usual, a little company to hear the gospel. They appeared quite willing to be instructed, but I had much difficulty in making them understand me, on account of my ignorance of their dialect. 21st-Progressed only five kos, having a strong head wind all day. Assembled a few boatmen on the shore, to whom I spoke for a short time, they being so eager for their food that I did not deem it right to detain them longer. 22d.-Wind strong ahead this morning. Started at 9 A. M. and proceeded about three kos, when the men were obliged to stop at a Pathan village. I spoke to a small company of Mohammedans. of the sermon. The chaplain then proposed to administer the Lord's Supper, in which he earnestly exhorted the people to unite; but I was pained to see the whole congregation, with the exception of eight or ten persons, retire from the house, plainly indicating their disregard of all but the loosest forms of religion. This impression was further confirmed in the evening, when I found scarcely more than a dozen people present at the service. 26th.-Started as usual, at dawn of day, and put to, a little before sunset, within three kos of Buxar, another station for invalid soldiers. I was suffering with siek headache, and could not attempt to preach. 31st.-Reached Patna at 4 P. M. Called on the Rev. Mr. Beddy, Baptist Missionary, who received me with much cordiality, and urged our making his house our home while we stayed; Mrs. R., however, preferred remaining quietly in the boat, as she could ill bear the excitement of mingling with a strange family. Jan. 1st, 1843-Attended Hindustani service in Mr. B.'s chapel, at 7 A. M. 23d.-Had a violent storm of rain and The service was conducted by a native wind last night, which rendered our situ- preacher from Monghyr. At candle lightation very uncomfortable. The boat leak-ing I preached in English at the same ed so much that our beds got wet, and our poor boatmen and servants got quite drenched. Started again about 10 A. M. and arrived at Gazepore before night. 24th.-The storm continued all day till near sunset. Could neither proceed, nor yet go on shore, on account of the inclemency of the weather. Our boat very damp and cold. Several of our people sick in consequence of exposure. place; after sermon, united with the church in the celebration of the Lord's Supper. As the church is a mixed one of native and European members, so the service was conducted in part in each language. For the Chronicle. The following extract of a letter from Mrs. Newton, relates to Kalo, the wife of Haldhar, both members of the Mission Church at Lodiana. 25th.-Attended Divine Service both morning and evening in the Station Church. The Rev. Mr. Scott, the chaplain, treated us with much kindness, and offered to do all he could to render us comfortable. It was quite exciting to me to see so large an assembly of Christian worshippers as were present here this morning; including the soldiers there might have been 600 or 700. I have not seen so large an English congregation for years before. But the pleasure which I at first felt was soon dissipated at the close" He immediately had her released, and VOL. XI.-38 Kalo is supposed to be a native of Cashmere. She was sold by her parents, or friends, when a child, to a woman who kept a house of ill fame, rot far from Lodians. Here she was being trained up for a life of degradation and crime, when the magistrate of the place, by some means, obtained information of the fact. sent her to the orphan school at Lodiana, || last degree. And had not a merciful where she was educated under the super-hand snatched her away as a brand from intendence of Mrs. Newton. She has the burning, instead of the believing, renow been several years a member of thejoicing, penitent, she would no doubt have church, and has from the first manifested been ere this, as vile and miserable as sin much love to the Saviour. could make her. In view of such facts who can estimate the value of these orphan schools? The wife of Golok is another instance precisely similar. She was Alluding to her illness, Mrs. N. writes: "Last Friday night she sent for Mr. Newton and myself after midnight, say-rescued from the same establishment, and ing that she was dying, and wished to see from a similar course of infamy. Several us and Karim Bakhsh (wife of Golok, others now in the same school in which catechist,) once more. We found her they were educated, were obtained in like very weak, but without pain; her hands manner. If, then, the contribution of 20 and feet quite cold; and so fully persuad- or 25 dollars a year will afford the means ed was she that she was dying, that we to rescue another such victim, and to add, thought so too. She was in a most happy it may be, another such trophy to divine frame of mind, and rejoiced in the firm grace, who would not rejoice to give it? belief that she should soon see her Savi- How many spend, in superfluities of dress, our. She asked Golok to read to her the and other needless decorations of their account of Christ's ascension, and when own persons, annually, more than enought nearly through she stopped him-said her to educate such a child. How many time was near, and she wished to pray. squander, in mere amusements, in luxuShe then, in a strong, clear voice, prayed ries, and in a thousand ways of useless for the heathen, for the Mission, for the and selfish gratification, sums, which, if church here, for her child, her husband, given to the cause of missions, accompathe girls in the school, and for herself. nied by the prayer of faith, might furnish She then read a psalm; gave directions occasion for endless joy and gratitude in about her child; and prayed again. Mr. heaven. What is the gratification of a N. asked her to send a message to Chata- gold chain, elegant jewels, or furniture, riya, (a member of the church who had or expensive entertainments, to the conrecently fallen into sin.) She seemed sciousness of having saved a soul from pain when he mentioned her name. Ideath, and adding new fervor to the songs asked her if she were in pain. She said of angels? And may not this be done? the recollection of C.'s sin gave her great It is no presumption. Increase the pain. . . . . At length her sufferings be-means, and our Board will send out more came much alleviated. She immediately men,-qualified, devoted, self-consecrated said she was to continue here a little long-|| men,—and when such men go forth, the er, and desired us to go to rest. I have seen her every day since. Her mind continues in the same happy state. She suffers little, but seems to be gradually sinking. . . . Dr. Green thinks her in a very dangerous state." in The above is valuable as an illustration both of the power of the gospel and the result of Christian effort in behalf of one belonging to the most hopeless class among the heathen. Although young when rescued from her brutal mistress, still she had become familiar with scenes well calculated to degrade her mind to the Saviour is pledged to go with them, and to make their labours successful. Where then can a Christian invest so safely? Here is a Bank, stable as the eternal throne. The pride and pomp and fashion of the world will pass away, and all that is invested thus must perish. But funds applied to this object cannot fail to yield a blessed return, in the comfortable enjoyment of a good conscience in this life, and in the world to come rich revenues to the praise and glory of divine grace. W. S. R. REV. J. CALDWELL'S JOURNAL OF A piety in fulfilling his vow at the expense We dis of so much bodily suffering. I was much 2. Sabbath, same place. tributed a large number of books to-day and had frequent opportunities of conversing with the people. Quite a long conversation was held with an old Musalman, who appeared to have considerable knowledge of his own system which comparatively few Musalmans in this country have. He was represented to us as the qazi of the village. His zeal and bigotry on the subject of Mohammedanism, however, were by no means such as we might expect from a Musalman of his standing. While we were sitting distributing books and talking to the people, an individual in the garb of a faquir made his appearance, who seemed, by his swollen legs, to be afflicted with elephantiasis, a disease very common in India. On inquiry, however, we discovered that the swelling of his legs was in conse-buted a good number of books to-day, and quence of his having stood on his feet without either sitting or lying for some considerable length of time-four years, he told us, but that in my opinion is physically impossible. It appeared from his own statement, that some four years ago he had been cured of an illness of long standing, and that he had in consequence made a vow never to either sit or lie down for twelve years. He told us that he had up to this period faithfully observed his vow, but that of course was out of the question. He was, indeed, a most pitiable victim of that awful superstition which holds in its own grasp so many thousands in this land of moral darkness and death. Brother N. endeavoured to persuade him that the Saviour had suffered for us, and that his vow was wrong in the first place, and its observance was equally sinful. He paid but little attention to what was said to him and soon left us. His principal motive in visiting us seemed to be merely to make an exhibition of his extraordinary have had frequent opportunities of talking to crowds that came around us. May God of his infinite mercy bless our feeble efforts to make his name known amongst the heathen. 3.-Nári-ki. A small village. We were able to do but little at this place, as not more than two or three individuals in the whole village could read. Hearing the firing of cannon this afternoon, I inquired the cause and was told that two villages within a few miles of us, were at war about their respective rights. Throughout this whole region of country a state of things exists much calculated to keep up a continual strife amongst neighbouring towns. The numerous petty chiefs who hold the country have their territories so intermixed that you may often pass from the dominions of one to those of another chief in travelling a few miles, and a few miles further will bring you again into a territory belonging to the first. I am told that it is a thing of frequent occurrence for neighbouring towns belonging to different chiefs, to keep up a quarrel like the two villages in question for years together. No doubt the evil would be much greater were it not for the fact that when it assumes a very serious aspect, the authority of the British government is called in to quell it. A far better preventive of this evil would be the peaceful gospel of Jesus, which may they soon learn. Interview with the Nawab. 5. Same place. We went out to the bazar this morning to preach, and finding a cluster of people in one place, I commenced to address them, but fearing I was not well understood, I gave way to brother N., who, after discoursing for some time, was followed by Golok. Just as we had finished our addresses to the people, we were accosted by an individual who informed us that the Nawab, the ruler of this city and some of the surrounding cities, had sent to call us to have an interview with him. We all accordingly set off to enter the "presence," conduct 4. Kothlá.-A large town, or city, containing 20,000 or 25,000 inhabitants. We took a course through the bazar this forenoon, and with some difficulty found a number of individuals in one place. In India, while the hot weather lasts, no na-ed by the individual who had been sent tive stirs abroad during the heat of the to call us. We were rather disappointed day if he can possibly avoid it. Hence and surprised at the appearance of things the difficulty of finding a number of per- in the court of his highness. When ushsons together at this season when we go ered in, we were introduced to an old into the bazar in the middle of the day. man, lying half naked on a mean affair in To the small cluster with whom we met the shape of a bedstead, his head covered on this occasion brother N. commenced with a dirty old night-cap, which may not talking, and was followed by Golok, the have had any intercourse with the washcatechist. A good inany came around us, erwoman's hands for some weeks if not and listened with some atttention. This months, and the old quilt which he had place has been visited before by the breth-thrown around him but little better. This ren at Lodiana, when a large number of was the great man himself. We had exbooks were distributed, and were after-pected, of course, when conducted into wards found to have been destroyed. On this account it was considered better to give away but few books here. We visited the bazar this evening, and soon found large crowds in different places, to whom were addressed the words of eternal life, brother N. and Golok, as usual, the chief speakers. I, having so much less knowledge of the native languages than either of them, have thought that wherever and whenever an opportunity occurs of preaching to large crowds, it is better to let them preach, as I would occupy the time to much less advantage to the audience. I ought, no doubt, even under these circumstances, to use my knowledge of the languages more than I do. In this part of India, the language of the natives is very much corrupted with a mixture of many Panjabi terms, which makes it very difficult for one unacquainted with that language to converse with them. I feel the difficulty very much when attempting to speak to them. the court of the Nawab of Kothla, to |