veneration by his countrymen. He was the Camden of Ireland, and was deficient only in not understanding the Irish language; yet major Vallancey observes, that considering his ignorance of that language, he did much. His works are the outlines and materials of a great plan, which he enjoyed neither life nor abilities to finish; and it is much to be lamented that he had not the good fortune to meet with so experienced and intelligent an amanuensis as Mac Terbiss sooner." He found, however, an excellent editor in Walter Harris, esq. who married his grand-daughter, and published all his works, except the Annals of Ireland, in 1739-1745, 3 vols. fol. ornamented with engravings. These were reprinted in 1764, 2 vols. fol. a work which now bears a very high price. Sir James Ware's MS collections relative to Ireland were purchased of his heir by lord Clarendon, when lord-lieutenant in 1686, and after his death by the duke of Chandos, whom the public spirited dean of St. Patrick's in vain solicited to deposit them in the public library at Dublin. These underwent a second dispersion by public auction. Dr. Milles, dean of Exeter, whose uncle had considerable property in Ireland, 'purchased a large part, and deposited them in the British Museum; Dr. Rawlinson bought others, and bequeathed them to the library of St. John's-college, Oxford, and some part fell into the hands of lord Newport, chancellor of Ireland. Of these MSS. a catalogue was printed at Dublin about 1641, and another at Oxford in 1697, in the "Catalogue of MSS. of England and Ireland." Sir James was a man of a charitable disposition, and frequently contributed considerable sums of money to the relief of the indigent, especially to decayed royalists, whom he also often invited to his hospitable table. Harris says he always forgave the fees of office to widows, clergymen, and clergymen's sons, as we have already noticed; and adds, that he was frequently known to lend money, where he had no prospect of repayment, not knowing how to deny any body who asked. On one occasion, a house in Dublin, forfeited by the rebellion, being granted to him, he sent for the widow and children of the forfeiting person, and conveyed it back to them.

By his wife, sir James Ware had ten children, of whom only two sons and two daughters arrived at maturity. Of the latter, Mary was married to sir Edward Crofton, bart. and Rose to lord Lambert, afterwards carl of Cavan. His

eldest son James succeeded him in his estate and office, and married the daughter of Dixie Hickman, of Kew, in the county of Surrey, esq. and sister to Thomas lord Windsor, who was afterwards created earl of Plymouth. By a general entail raised on this marriage, the estate of the family afterwards came to an only daughter, Mary, who took for her second husband sir John St. Leger, knt. one of the barons of his majesty's court of exchequer in Ireland, in whom the estate vested. Sir James Ware's youngest son Robert was in his youth troubled with epilepsy, and afforded no hopes to his father, which induced him to consent to the general entail before mentioned; but this son afterwards recovering a vigorous state of health, sir James had little pleasure in reflecting on what he had done, and to make Robert every amends in his power, laid up 10007. for every remaining year of his life, which was not above six or seven. Robert married Elizabeth, daughter to sir Henry Piers, of Tristernagh, in the county of Westmeath, bart. and from this marriage one only son, Heury, survived. Henry married Mary, the daughter of Peter Egerton, of Shaw, in Lancashire, esq. by whom he had two sons, and a daughter Elizabeth, married to Walter Harris, esq. editor of sir James Ware's works.

Of ROBERT WARE Some farther notice must be taken, as he was a writer of considerable note in his day. He bad by those writings appeared so averse to the Roman catholic interest of Ireland in the reign of Charles II. that, fearing the resentment of that party, which he had reason to believe would be severe enough, and being advised by the earl of Clarendon, then lord lieutenant, he removed with his family into England on the same day that lord Tyrconnel lauded in Ireland to take upon him the government, which he continued until the revolution. Mr. Ware died March 1696, after publishing, 1. "The Examinations of Faithful Commin and Thomas Heath," &c. Dublin, 1671, 4to. 2. "The Conversion of Philip Corwine, a Franciscan Friar, to the protestant religion, in 1569," ibid. 1681, 4to. 3. "The Reformation of the Church of Ireland, in the life and death of George Brown, sometime archbishop of Dublin," ibid. 1681, 4to. This stands the first in the English edition of sir James Ware's Works, Dublin, 1705, fol. and is also reprinted in the " Phoenix," vol. I. 4. "Foxes and Firebrands; or a specimen of the danger and harmony of popery and separation; wherein is proved from undeVOL. XXXI.

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niable matter of fact and reason, that separation from the Church of England is, in the judgment of papists, and by sad experience, found the most compendious way to introduce popery, and to ruin' the protestant religion, in two parts," London, 1680, 4to, Dublin, 1682, 8vo. The first part, with the examinations of Commin and Heath, was published by Dr. John Nalson in 1678, 8vo, and the second part was added by Mr. Robert Ware. 5. "The hunting of the Romish Fox, and the quenching of sectarian firebrands; being a specimen of popery and separation," Dublin, 1683, 8vo. 6. "Foxes and Firebrands, the third part," Lond. 1689, 8vo. 7. "Pope Joan; or an account that there was such a she-pope, proved from Romish authors before Luther," &c. ibid. 1689, 4to. Mr. Ware left also an unfinished and imperfect MS. on the history and antiquities of the city and university of Dublin. '

WARGENTIN (PETER), knight of the order of the polar star, secretary to the royal academy of sciences at Stockholm, F. R. S. one of the eight foreign members of the academy of sciences at Paris, and member of the academies of St. Petersburg, Upsal, Gottingen, Copenhagen, and Drontheim, was born Sept. 22, 1717, and became secretary to the Stockholm academy in 1749. In this country he is probably most known from his tables for computing the eclipses of Jupiter's satellites, which are annexed to the Nautical Almanac of 1779. We know not that he has published any separate work; but in the "Transactions of the Stockholm Academy," are 52 memoirs by him, besides several in the "Philosophical Transactions," and in the "Acta Societatis Upsaliensis." He died at the observatory at Stockholm, Dec. 13, 1783.2

WARHAM (WILLIAM), an eminent English prelate, archbishop of Canterbury, and lord high chancellor, the son of Robert Warham, was born of a genteel family at Okely, in Hampshire. He was educated at Winchester school, whence he was admitted a fellow of New college, Oxford, in 1475. There he took the degree of doctor of laws, and, according to Wood, left the college in 1488. In the same year he appears to have been collated to a rectorship by the bishop of Ely, and soon afterwards became an advocate in the court of arches, and principal or moderator of the

1 Harris's edition of Ware, vol. II.-Biog. Brit.-Gough's Topography. Hutton's Dict.-Eloges des Academiciens, vol. IV.

civil law school in St. Edward's parish, Oxford. In 1493 he was sent by Henry VII. with sir Edward Poynings, on an embassy to Philip duke of Burgundy, to persuade him to deliver up Perkin Warbeck, who had assumed the title of Richard duke of York, second son of king Edward IV. representing that he had escaped the cruelty of his uncle king Richard III. and was supported in this imposture by Margaret, duchess dowager of Burgundy, sister of Edward IV. as she had before given encouragement to Lambert Simnel, the pretended earl of Warwick, ont of the impla cable hatred which she had conceived against Henry VII. Upon this remonstrance the ambassadors were assured by the duke's council (himself being then in his minority) that "the archduke, for the love of king Henry, would in no sort aid or assist the pretended duke, but in all things preserve the amity he had with the king; but for the duchess dowager, she was absolute in the lands of her dowry, and that he could not hinder her from disposing of her own." This answer, being founded on an assertion not true, namely, that the duchess dowager was absolute in the lands of her dowry, produced a very sharp reply from the English ambassadors; and when they returned home Henry VII. was by no means pleased with their success. They, however, told him plainly that the duchess dowager had a great party in the archduke's council, and that the archduke did covertly support Perkin. The king for some time resented this, but the matter appears to have been accommodated in a treaty of commerce concluded in February 1496, by certain commissioners, one of whom, on the part of England, was Dr. Warham.

Warham now, according to lord Bacon, began much to gain upon the king's opinion, and having executed his office of master of the rolls, as well as his other employments, with great ability, and with much reputation, he was in 1502 made keeper of the great seal of England, and on the first of January following lord high chancellor. In the beginning of 1503 he was advanced to the see of London. In the preceding year the king's eldest son Arthur prince of Wales was married to Catherine of Arragon, but died soon after, and Henry's avarice rendering him unwilling to restore Catherine's dowry, which was 200,000 ducats, he proposed that she should marry his younger son Henry, now prince of Wales. But there being great reason to believe that the marriage between

prince Arthur and Catherine had been really consummated, Warham remonstrated, in very strong terms, against this preposterous measure, and told the king, that he thought it was neither honourable, nor well-pleasing to God. In this, however, he was opposed by Fox bishop of Winchester, who insisted that the pope's dispensation could remove all impediments, either sacred or civil. This marriage, it is well-known, afterwards took place, and was the cause of some of the most important events in English history.

In March 1503-4, bishop Warham was translated to the see of Canterbury, in which he was installed with great solemnity, Edward duke of Buckingham officiating as his steward on that occasion. He was likewise, on May 28, 1506, unanimously elected chancellor of the university of Oxford, being then, and ever after, a great friend and benefactor to that university, and to learning in general. In 1509, Henry VII. died, and was succeeded by his son Henry VIII. from whose promising abilities great expectations were formed. Archbishop Warham's high rank in the church, and the important office he held in the state, as lord chancellor, naturally caused him to preside at the council-board of the young king, and his rank and talents certainly gave him great authority there. One of the first matters of importance, in the new reign, was the marriage of the king, which, from his tender age, and his aversion to it, had not yet taken place, and it was now necessary that his majesty should decide to break it off, or conclude it. Warham still continued to oppose it, and Fox, as before, contended for it; and it, accordingly, was performed June 3, 1509; and on the 24th of the same month, the king and queen were crowned at Westminster by archbishop Warham. In the years 1511 and 1512, we find our prelate zealously persecuting those who were termed heretics; and although the instances of his interference with the opinions of the reformation are neither many, nor bear the atrocious features of a Bonner or a Gardiner, they form no small blemish in his character.

Warham continued to hold his place of chancellor for the first seven years of Henry VIII. but became weary of it when Wolsey had gained such an ascendancy over the king, as to be intrusted with almost the sole administration of public affairs. Warham, says Burnet, always hated cardinal Wolsey, and would never stoop to him, esteeming