The CHAIRMAN. You had better change it and turn it in this afternoon. Pass them to the chairman, and if you would like to make a further statement, we would be glad to hear you.

It there anyone here from the Department of Agriculture with respect to this? If not, Mr. Angell, you may arrange for the first witness, or whoever is to handle it.

Mr. ANGELL. Mr. Chairman, it is my pleasure to introduce to you and the other members of this committee at this time the Governor of the State of Oregon, the Honorable Douglas McKay.

The CHAIRMAN. Governor, if you will come around we will be glad to have your statement with respect to the authorizations under consideration.

Mr. ANGELL. May I say that the Governor has made an airplane trip of some 6,000 miles to be present here and give us the benefit of his information, and I may say that he is not only Governor of our State, but he is a very distinguished citizen in addition to that having served in both World Wars and having served as the chairman of the Willamette Commission which had charge of this very extensive project in the Willamette Valley and having been born and raised in my congressional district, I am very happy to have this pleasure.

Furthermore, I have served with him in the Oregon Legislature when we were seatmates in the Senate there. Down through the years I know that he has had a very active interest, both publicly and privately, in this great project development of the Willamette River Basin in the Columbia area.

Chairman WHITTINGTON. Governor, we are glad to have you.

STATEMENT OF HON. DOUGLAS MCKAY, GOVERNOR OF THE STATE OF OREGON

Mr. McKAY. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

The Northwest is the fastest growing area in the United States. It is the last frontier. That is the reason this project is desperate to us. That is the reason I put in some 13 or 14 years of my time gratuitously helping as a citizen to develop the Willamette River project.

The 308 report covering the entire area is a blueprint for a longrange development of this important area. It is particularly important to us locally now because of the influx of population which has made flood hazards doubly dangerous.

Last year, as has been pointed out here, in the lower Columbia, we had a flood for the first time since 1942 which did $100,000,000 worth of damage. The Willamette River project, the dams that have been completed last year, saved $1,000.000. There are two small dams. The average annual damage is of the order of $8,500,000. As Colonel Walsh pointed out, the damage has been $49,000,000 since 1943. So these are self-liquidating projects that we are interested in.

One other thing I would like to point out is the power situation. The people that are coming to the Northwest have to have employment. The only way we are going to get additional employment is through a project like this to develop a project which will bring industry.

Right now, during this last spring, we had a brown-out. We had to curtail the use of electrical energy both in homes and in businesses. We had to turn off signs, and so on. We must have additional power. We need it now, in addition to flood control.

One other thing the gentleman here asked about: Irrigation west of the mountains. Over there we have a heavy rainfall but the distribution is poor. The months of July and August are dry. So some of the expensive crops that are raised must have supplemental irrigation in order to produce them for food. We are large producers in the Willamette Valley of foods both frozen and canned. So with this additional water for irrigation, we can raise much more expensive crops. The old days of forage crops and hay and so forth are gone in that expensive land. So I say again this over-all project, the multiple purpose dams, will create the power that we need. By the way, we produced some 30 percent of the aluminum that was used in the war. The aluminum industry is a tremendous industry in Oregon and in Washington. The additional industry that will be attracted are those that require lots of power at low rates. We have one of the lowest commercial rates anywhere. That will be the future of that country. Mr. JONES. One question at this point: What is your kilowatt deficit at the present time?

Mr. MCKAY. I cannot say. I would refer you to Colonel Weaver. The CHAIRMAN. Governor, the gentleman is from the TVA.

Mr. McKAY. I am sorry I cannot answer, but I am sure the Army engineers can.

The next thing, of course, is the storage of water for your irrigation system-irrigation and for navigation. In addition to combining the Snake River, you go up the Willamette River beyond Salem, which will produce barge transportation for products in and out.

So the over-all project means the future to orderly development of the Northwest, which is the only remaining territory we have left to develop; and we welcome people out there. We also urgently request Congress to assist us in self-liquidating projects. The Willamette Valley project has suffered enough losses in the last 40 years to build this project and the loss now is accelerated becaue the additional people that live in the flood plain. I presume that and it is just a guess, but that will be liquidated fast because of the probability of floods. The floods that now occur will do three or four times as much damage as they did 10 years ago.

Are there any questions the committee would care to ask me?

Mr. ANGELL. Governor, in addition to the other benefits you mentioned, it will mean increased revenues in the way of taxes both for the Federal Government and the State government?

Mr. MCKAY. That is right, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. Are there questions by any other member of the committee?

Mr. MACK. Governor, in your State, are the manufacturers, the chambers of commerce, the business people, the labor unions, the grange, the private power companies, as well as the public power companies, all in favor of power development in the Columbia Basin? Mr. MCKAY. Yes, sir.

Mr. MACK. There is no division of opinion on that?

Mr. MCKAY. None whatever. It is a united opinion. I know of no opposition to this 308 revised report.

The CHAIRMAN. Any statement by other members of the committee? Governor, we are glad to have had your statement for the record. You are familiar with the work of the engineers along the Willamette River and you referred to the benefits that would accrue from the reclamation projects. You have heard the statement here from the Bureau of Reclamation and the Corps of Engineers that their work is coordinated and that it fits in with the soil conservation work of the Department of Agriculture.

What has been your observation and experience in that matter? Mr. MCKAY. I agree with the statements made that it is a thoroughly coordinated program between them; particularly in the last year or so we have worked along that line there through the interagency committee in the Northwest. It is thoroughly coordinated. There is no duplication whatever.

The CHAIRMAN. We are glad to have your statement; and now we will have Mr. Horan.

Mr. HORAN. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

The people of the State of Washington are fully aware of their great responsibilities in cooperation with others.

At this time it is indeed a pleasure to introduce the Governor of the State of Washington, Arthur B. Langlie.

The CHAIRMAN. Governor Langlie, if you will come around, we will be glad to have your statement.

STATEMENT OF HON. ARTHUR B. LANGLIE, GOVERNOR OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON

Mr. LANGLIE. Mr. Chairman, and members of the Committee on Public Works, in the interest of brevity and trying to cover the subject, I would like to submit first this statement to vou.

As a long-time citizen of the State of Washington, a former mayor of Seattle, and twice Governor of the State, I have followed closely and with great interest, the efforts which have been made in the development of the Columbia River and its tributaries. You have before you the integrated plans of the Army engineers and Bureau of Reclamation. This planning has involved several years of study and effort on the part of these two Federal agencies; the officials of the seven interested States; and the people of the region, working together as provided for in sections 1 to 9 of the Flood Control Act of 1944 and subsequent legislation.

These integrated plans involve some 60 projects comprising the essential basic control projects necessary to harness, and put to highest beneficial use, the water and land resources of one of the fastest growing sections of the United States, embracing all or part of seven States and beneficially improving a part of the Province of British Columbia.

Two of the larger projects are already completed and have been serving the area well for a number of years-the Grand Coulee Dam and the Bonneville Dam.