1973 NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

AUTHORIZATION

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 1972

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,

COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE AND ASTRONAUTICS,

SUBCOMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT,

Washington, D.C.

The committee met, pursuant to notice, at 10 a.m., in Room 2318, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. George P. Miller (chairman of the committee) presiding.

The CHAIRMAN. We will come to order.

Dr. Stever, before we proceed with the committee meeting I have a very pleasant duty to perform.

The members of our panel present you with a resolution expressing our appreciation of past services.

Dr. Stever was a member of the original panel of this committee when it first started back in 1959 and continued on the panel until he took the position as head of NSF.

I am very happy and privileged to present this to you, sir, as an award for the fine work that you did, and we want you to know that we appreciate it.

Dr. STEVER. Thank you very much, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. The committee will be in order.

It is my pleasure to open the hearings before the Committee on Science and Astronautics on the fiscal year 1973 National Science Foundation authorization.

Today the full committee will give attention to the overall programs and directions which the NSF is proposing in H.R. 12753. (H.R. 12753 follows:)

[H.R. 12753, 92d Cong., second sess.]

A BILL To authorize appropriations for activities of the National Science Foundation, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That there is hereby authorized to be appropriated to the National Science Foundation for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1973, to enable it to carry out its powers and duties under the National Science Foundation Act of 1950, as amended, and under title IX of the National Defense Education Act of 1958, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, $646,000,000.

SEC. 2. Appropriations made pursuant to authority provided in sections 1 and 4 shall remain available for obligation for expenditure, or for obligation and expenditure, for such period or periods as may be specified in Acts making such appropriations.

SEC. 3. Appropriations made pursuant to this Act may be used, but not to exceed $5,000, for official consultation, representation, or other extraordinary expenses upon the approval or authority of the Director of the National Science

Foundation, and his detemination shall be final and conclusive upon the accounting officers of the Government.

SEC. 4. In addition to such sums as are authorized by section 1, not to exceed $7,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year ending June 30, 1973, for expenses of the National Science Foundation incurred outside the United States to be paid for in foreign currencies which the Treasury Department determines to be excess to the normal requirements of the United States.

SEC. 5. (a) If an institution of higher education determines, after affording notice and opportunity for hearing to an individual attending, or employed by, such institution, that such individual has been convicted by any court of record of any crime which was committed after the date of enactment of this Act and which involved the use of (or assistance to others in the use of) force disruption, or the seizure of property under control of any institution of higher education to prevent officials or students in such institution from engaging in their duties or pursuing their studies, and that such crime was of a serious nature and contributed to a substantial disruption of the administration of the institution with respect to which such crime was committed, then the institution which such individual attends, or is employed by, shall deny for a period of two years any further payment to or for the direct benefit of, such individual under any of the programs specified in subsection (c). If an institution denies an individual assistance under the authority of the preceding sentence of this subsection, then any institution which such individual subsequently attends shall deny for the remainder of the two-year period any further payments to, or for the benefit of, such individual under any of the programs specified in subsection (c).

(b) If an institution of higher education determines, after affording notice and opportunity for hearing to an individual attending, or employed by, such institution, that such individual has willfully refused to obey a lawful regulation or order of such institution after the date of enactment of this Act, and that such refusal was of a serious nature and contributed to a substantial disruption of the administration of such institution, then such institution shall deny, for a period of two years, any further payment to, or for the direct benefit of, such individual under any of the programs specified in subsection (c). (c) The programs referred to in subsections (a) and (b) are as follows:

(1) The programs authorized by the National Science Foundation Act of 1950; and

(2) The programs authorized under title IX of the National Defense Education Act of 1958 relating to establishing the Science Information Service.

(d) (1) Nothing in this Act, or any Act amended by this Act, shall be construed to prohibit any institution of higher education from refusing to award, continue, or extend any financial assistance under any such Act to any individual because of any misconduct which in its judgment bears adversely on his fitness for such assistance.

(2) Nothing in this section shall be construed as limiting or prejudicing the rights and prerogatives of any institution of higher education to institute and carry out an independent, disciplinary proceeding pursuant to existing authority, practice, and law.

(3) Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the freedom of any student to verbal expression of individual views or opinions.

SEC. 6. This Act may be cited as the "National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 1973."

The CHAIRMAN. Beginning on February 22, the Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Development, under the chairmanship of Congressman John Davis, will begin 3 weeks of detailed hearings concerning the specific activities and programs proposed.

Our witnesses today will be Dr. H. Guyford Stever, Director of the National Science Foundation, and Dr. H. E. Carter, chairman of the National Science Board.

Guy is a longtime friend of this committee, having served on the Panel of Science and Technology for many years. He has just taken over as the new Director of the NSF as of February 1, coming from his previous position as president of Carnegie-Mellon University.

He succeeds Bill McElroy, who served the Foundation and our Nation well during his tenure as Director.

Dr. Carter is chairman of the National Science Board, which is by statute the policymaking body of the Foundation. Dr. Carter is coordinator of interdisciplinary affairs of the University of Arizona. We invite you, Dr. Stever, to proceed with your testimony in any way that you desire.

(The biographical sketch of Dr. Stever follows:)

HORTON GUYFORD STEVER, DIRECTOR, NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION Born-October 24, 1916; Corning, New York.

Positions-Director, National Science Foundation, 1972-Present. Member, National Science Board, 1970-72. President, Carnegie-Mellon University, 1965– 72. Head, Departments of Mechanical Engineering, Naval Architecture, Marine Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1961-65. Professor of Aeronautical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1956–65. Associate Dean of Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1956-59. Chief Scientist, United States Air Force, 1955-56. Associate Professor of Aeronautical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1951-56. Executive Officer, Guided Missiles Program, United States Air Force, 1946-48. Associate Professor of Aeronautical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1946– 51. Science Liaison Officer, London Mission, Office of Scientific Research and Development, 1942-45. Staff Member, Radiation Laboratory and Instructor, Officers Radar School, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1941–42.

Education-Colgate University, A.B., 1938; California Institute of Technology, Ph. D., 1941.

Areas of Professional Specialization-Aeronautical, missile, and spacecraft engineering, design and performance, particularly aerodynamics; radiation physics; scientific and engineering education; university administration; science policy.

Memberships-Member, American Physical Society, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, National Academy of Engineering (Chairman, Aeronautical and Space Engineering Board, 1967-69); Fellow, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Member, Institute of Aeronautical Sciences (VicePresident, 1958-59; President, 1960–62), Royal Aeronautical Association, American Association for the Advancement of Science; Phi Beta Kappa, Sigma Xi, Sigma Gamma Tau, Tau Beta Pi and others.

Additional Professional and Civic Activities-Member, advisory panel, U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on Science and Astronautics; member, President's Commission on the Patent System, 1965-67 (Chairman, Ad Hoc Science Panel); Chairman, President's Pre-Inauguration Task Force on Science and Technology, 1967-68; Director, Koppers Co., Inc., Fisher Scientific Co., United Aircraft Corp., Trustee, Sarah Mellon Scaife Foundation; Trustee, Colgate University; Trustee, Shadyside School; former Trustee, Buckingham School; Director, Pittsburgh Symphony Society; Director, Regional Industrial Development Corporation; Director, Pittsburgh-Allegheny County Chapter of the American Red Cross; Director, Metropolitan Pittsburgh Educational Television (WQED); member of secretariat, guided missiles committee, Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1945; member, guided missiles technical evaluation group, Research and Development Board, 1946-48; member of the science advisory board to chief of staff, USAF, 1947-69, chairman, 1962-69; member, steering committee of technical advisory panel on ordnance to Assistant Secretary of Defense, 1954-56; member, steering committee, technical advisory panel on aeronautics, Department of Defense, 1956-62; chairman, special committee on space technology, National Aeronautics and Space Administration; chairman, research advisory committee on missile and spacecraft aerodynamics, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1959-65; member, Defense Science Board.

Awards-President's Certificate of Merit, 1948; Exceptional Civilian Service Award, USAF, 1956; Scott Gold Medal, American Ordnance Association, 1960; Distinguished Public Service Medal, Department of Defense, 1968; Pittsburgh's "Man of the Year," 1966, Junior Chamber of Commerce; Nine honorary degrees. Publications-Author of over forty-five published articles, papers, or chapters on scientific, technical, educational, and science policy matters.

Home Address-1528 Thirty-third Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20007. Family-Wife: Louise Risley Floyd; Daughters: Sarah Newell, Margarette Risley; Sons: Horton Guyford, Jr., Roy Risley.

STATEMENT OF H. GUYFORD STEVER, DIRECTOR, NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

Dr. STEVER. Chairman Miller and members of the committee, it is a pleasure to appear before your committee to discuss the National Science Foundation program for fiscal year 1973.

I value my long association with this committee as a member of its Panel on Science and Technology. Especially I value this resolution which you have given me today. I will keep it, and it will remind me of a pleasant and constructive phase in my past. I appreciate it, and I look forward to a continued constructive relationship. It is a particular pleasure to be able to present a program for NSF which represents an important part of a total Federal effort to increase the national investment in research and development.

Mr. Chairman, the President's budget for fiscal year 1973 includes an overall increase of $700 million for civilian research and development activities. One of the principal objectives of this increased investment in R. & D. is to utilize more effectively our scientific and technological capabilities to build a more productive and prosperous America with a better quality of life. It is significant that the continuing importance of basic research is fully recognized in these expanded efforts, together with other fundamental science programs sponsored by the NSF.

As you know, NSF is the only Federal agency charged with maintaining the health of the entire science enterprise of the United States. We believe that science is healthiest when two conditions are met: First, when the basic scientific ideas of quality originating within our strong scientific community are well supported; and, second, when the discoveries and knowledge originating in basic research flow smoothly through applied research into the regular activity of our society.

Excluding the health related research of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, NSF accounts for about one-half of the total support for federally sponsored basic research programs that are conducted at academic institutions.

Thus, NSF occupies a strategic position in science, because it has a major influence on the directions that U.S. science and science education programs will take, and it maintains contact with some of the Nation's best talent. These key roles were recognized in the President's state of the Union message when he advised the Congress that he had directed NSF to give increased attention to programs which can bring science and technology to bear more effectively on domestic opportunities.

Another noteworthy feature of the President's science program is that it provides major increases for defense-related research and development. These added funds, and the fact that by fiscal year 1973 the mission agencies will have substantially reordered their research priorities, eliminate the need for NSF to make a special provision in its budget for additional mission agency dropouts in

fiscal year 1973. The Foundation has had to make such provisions in its budget for the past 2 years. Thus, the added funds for basic research in fiscal year 1973 represent a real increase for NSF science support.

Therefore, the unique capabilities of NSF will be employed in efforts that will help achieve the following major objectives that are embodied in the President's strategy for science in fiscal year 1973:

Strengthen basic research to increase our stock of knowledge and to provide the scientific underpinning needed for continued application of science and technology to the needs of the Nation; Test incentives to encourage increased non-Federal investment in research and development;

Undertake selected efforts to focus research on national goals in major areas of domestic concern; and

Improve our understanding of science policies and the impact of research and development on our economy and society. Let me summarize the overall diversity of existing NSF activities: The National Science Foundation is a principal supporter of fundamental research in all science disciplines, including materials research and engineering.

The National Science Foundation, through its program of Research Applied to National Needs (RANN), is taking the lead in research to provide the underpinning of knowledge required to deal more effectively with problems of national concernfor example, the critical need to find ways to balance our growing energy demands with environmental factors.

NSF is responsible for the management and funding of the U.S. Antarctic research program.

The Foundation is the lead Federal agency for coordinating research in the Arctic, and for U.S. participation in the international biological program and the international decade of ocean exploration.

NSF underwrites the operation of five national research centers which conduct advanced research in radio and optical astronomy and in the atmospheric sciences.

The Foundation is the principal sponsor of specific programs to improve the quality of science education at all academic levels.

The National Science Foundation provides vital support for cooperative international efforts in science which are advancing knowledge in the United States and building new bridges of communication among the nations of the world.

I would like to reemphasize that the National Science Foundation program for 1973 continues the principal NSF commitment to provide strong support for basic scientific research. It further provides for the initiation and development of experimental programs that will help meet some of the crucial economic, social, and environmental challenges facing the Nation. It also provides innovative approaches to improve science education at all academic levels.

At this point, Mr. Chairman, I would like to introduce to the committee the principal members of my staff.