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GENERAL EXPLANATIONS

Lubricating oils and greases-not made in petroleum refineries. Industry transferred from Group 10.-Products of petroleum and coal.

Printing ink. Title changed from "Ink, printing."
Soap and glycerin.-Title changed from "Soap."

Tanning materials, natural dyestuffs, mordants, assistants, and sizes. Title changed from "Tanning materials, natural dyestuffs, mordants and assistants, and sizes."

Writing ink. Title changed from "Ink, writing."

Group 10.-PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM AND COAL

(1) Beehive coke; and (2) oven coke and coke-oven byproducts. Formerly one industry, "Coke-oven products." Lubricating oils and greases, not made in petroleum refineries. Industry transferred to Group 9.-Chemicals and allied products.

(1) Paving blocks and paving mixtures; asphalt, creosoted wood, and composition; and (2) roofing, built-up and roll; asphalt shingles; roof coating (except paint).-Titles changed from "Paving materials: blocks (except brick and stone) and mixtures" and "Roofing, built-up and roll; asphalt shingles; roof coatings other than paint," and industries transferred from the "Miscellaneous industries" group.

Group 11.-RUBBER PRODUCTS

(1) Reclaimed rubber; and (2) rubber products not elsewhere classified. Formerly one industry designated as "Rubber goods other than tires, inner tubes, and boots and shoes."

Rubber boots and shoes (including rubber-soled footwear with fabric uppers).—Title changed from "Boots and shoes, rubber."

Tires and inner tubes.—Title changed from “Rubber tires and inner tubes."

Group 12.-LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS Footwear (except rubber).-Title changed from "Boots and shoes, other than rubber."

Industrial leather belting and packing leather.-Title changed from "Belting and packing, leather.”

Leather gloves and mittens.-Title changed from "Gloves and mittens, leather."

Leather goods not elsewhere classified.-Establishments primarily engaged in the manufacture of leather belts (apparel), formerly classified in this industry, have been transferred to the new industry classification "Belts (apparel), regardless of material" in Group 4.-Apparel and other finished products made from fabrics and similar materials.

Leather: tanned, curried, and finished-regular factories or jobbers engaging contractors.-Title changed from "Leather: tanned, curried, and finished-regular factories."

Small leather goods.-Title changed from "Leather goodssmall articles."

Suitcases, brief cases, bags, trunks, and other luggage.-Title changed from "Trunks, suitcases, brief cases, bags, and other luggage."

Women's pocketbooks, handbags, and purses.-Title changed from "Handbags and purses, women's."

Group 13.-STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS Asbestos products (except steam packing and pipe and boiler covering). Title changed from "Asbestos products other than steam packing and pipe and boiler covering."

(1) Brick and hollow structural tile; (2) clay products except pottery) not elsewhere classified; (3) clay refractories, including refractory cement (clay); (4) floor and wall tile (except quarry

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tile); (5) roofing tile; (6) sewer pipe and kindred products; and (7) terra cotta. Formerly one industry, "Clay products, other than pottery."

China firing and decorating (for the trade).—Title changed from "China firing and decorating, not done in potteries."

(1) Flat glass; (2) glass containers; and (3) tableware, pressed or blown glass, and glassware not elsewhere classified.-Formerly one industry, "Glass."

(1) Hotel china; (2) porcelain electrical supplies; (3) pottery products not elsewhere classified; (4) vitreous-china plumbing fixtures; and (5) whiteware.-Formerly one industry, "Pottery, including porcelain ware.”

(1) Mineral wool; and (2) wallboard and wall plaster (except gypsum), building insulation (except mineral wool), and floor composition. Formerly one industry, "Wallboard and plaster (except gypsum), building insulation, and floor composition." Monuments, tombstones, cut-stone, and stone products not elsewhere classified.-Title changed from "Marble, granite, slate, and other stone, cut and shaped."

Natural graphite, ground and refined.—Title changed from "Graphite, ground and refined."

Sand-lime brick, block and tile.-Title changed from "Sandlime brick."

Statuary and art goods (except stone and concrete)-factory production.—Title changed from "Statuary and art goods (except concrete), factory production."

Steam and other packing; pipe and boiler covering.-Title changed from "Steam and other packing, pipe and boiler covering, and gaskets, not elsewhere classified," and industry transferred from the "Miscellaneous industries" group.

Group 14.-IRON AND STEEL AND THEIR PRODUCTS, EXCEPT MACHINERY

(1) Automobile stampings; (2) enameling, japanning, and lacquering; (3) stamped and pressed metal products (except automobile stampings); and (4) vitreous enameled products, including kitchen, household, and hospital utensils.-Formerly one industry, "Stamped and pressed metal products; enameling, japanning, and lacquering."

Cold-rolled steel sheets and strip and cold-finished steel bars made in plants not operated in connection with hot-rolling mills. New industry, products of which were formerly classified as products of the abandoned industry "Machine-shop products." (See Group 17.)

Cutlery (except aluminum, silver, and plated cutlery) and edge tools. Title changed from "Cutlery (not including silver and plated cutlery) and edge tools."

Doors, window sash, frames, molding, and trim (made of metal). Title changed from "Doors, shutters, and window sash and frames, molding, and trim, metal."

Enameled-iron sanitary ware and other plumbers' supplies (not including pipe and vitreous and semivitreous china sanitary ware).-Title changed from "Plumbers' supplies, not including pipe or vitreous-china sanitary ware."

Fabricated structural steel and ornamental metal work, made in plants not operated in connection with rolling mills.-Title changed from "Structural and ornamental metal work, made in plants not operated in connection with rolling mills."

Forgings, iron and steel-made in plants not operated in connection with rolling mills.-Title changed from "Forgings, iron and steel, made in plants not operated in connection with steel works or rolling mills."

Galvanizing and other coating-carried on in plants not operated in connection with rolling mills.-Title changed from "Galvanizing and other coating, done in plants not operated in connection with rolling mills."

(1) Gray-iron and semisteel castings; and (2) malleable-iron castings. Formerly one industry, "Foundry products (gray-iron and malleable-iron)."

(1) Heating and cooking apparatus, except electric, not elsewhere classified; (2) oil burners, domestic and industrial; (3) steam and hot-water heating apparatus (including hot-water furnaces); (4) steam fittings, regardless of material; and (5) stoves, ranges, water heaters, and hot-air furnaces (except electric). Formerly one industry, "Heating and cooking apparatus, except electric."

Power boilers and associated products.-Title changed from "Boiler-shop products."

Springs, steel (except wire)-made in plants not operated in connection with rolling mills.-Title changed from "Springs, steel, except wire, made in plants not operated in connection with rolling mills."

(1) Steel castings; and (2) steel works and rolling mills.Formerly one industry, "Steel-works and rolling-mill products.' Tin plate and terneplate manufacture is classified in the "Steel works and rolling mills" industry.

Tools (except edge tools, machine tools, files, and saws).— Title changed from "Tools, not including edge tools, machine tools, files, and saws."

Group 15.-NONFERROUS METALS AND THEIR

PRODUCTS

(1) Alloying; and rolling and drawing of nonferrous metals. except aluminum; (2) nonferrous-metal foundries (except aluminum); and (3) nonferrous-metal products not elsewhere classified. Formerly one industry, "Nonferrous-metal alloys; nonferrous-metal products, except aluminum, not elsewhere classified."

(1) Aluminum products (including rolling and drawing and extruding), not elsewhere classified; and (2) aluminum ware, kitchen, hospital, and household (except electrical appliances).— Formerly one industry, "Aluminum products."

Clocks, watches, and materials and parts (except watchcases). Title changed from "Clocks, watches, time-recording devices, and materials and parts except watchcases."

Electroplating, plating, and polishing.-Title changed from "Electroplating."

Engraving on metal (except for printing purposes).-Title changed from "Engraving (other than steel, copperplate, or wood), chasing, etching, and diesinking," and industry transferred from Group 8.-Printing, Publishing, and Allied Industries.

Fire extinguishers, chemical.-Transferred to Group 20.Miscellaneous Industries group.

Gold and silver leaf and foil.-Title changed from "Gold leaf and foil."

Jewelry (precious metals). Title changed from "Jewelry." Establishments primarily engaged in the manufacture of costume jewelry, formerly classified in this industry, have been transferred to the "Costume jewelry and costume novelties (jewelry other than fine jewelry)" industry, Group 20.

Lapidary work.-Transferred from the "Miscellaneous industries" group.

Lighting fixtures.-Title changed from "Lighting equipment." Needles, pins, hooks and eyes, and slide and snap fasteners.Transferred to Group 20.—Miscellaneous Industries.

Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals.-New industry, products of which were formerly classified in the industries "Chemicals not elsewhere classified," "Smelting and refining, copper," "Smelting and refining, lead," and "Smelting and refining, zinc."

Secondary smelting and refining, gold, silver, and platinum.— Title changed from "Gold, silver, and platinum, refining and alloying."

Secondary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals, not elsewhere classified.—Title changed from "Smelting and refining, nonferrous metals other than gold, silver, and platinum, not from the ore."

Tin and other foils (except gold and silver foil).-Title changed from "Tin and other foils, not including gold foil."

Group 16.-ELECTRICAL MACHINERY

[New group, industries of which were formerly classified in the abandoned industry group "Machinery, not including transportation equipment." See also Group 17.-Machinery (except electrical)]

(1) Automotive electrical equipment; (2) batteries, storage and primary (dry and wet); (3) carbon products for the electrical industry, and manufactures of carbon or artificial graphite; (4) communication equipment; (5) electric lamps; (6) electrical appliances; (7) electrical measuring instruments; (8) electrical products not elsewhere classified; (9) generating, distribution, and industrial apparatus, and apparatus for incorporation in manufactured products, not elsewhere classified; (10) insulated wire and cable; (11) wiring devices and supplies; and (12) X-ray and therapeutic apparatus and electronic tubes.-New industry classifications, products of which were formerly classified in the abandoned industry "Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies."

Group 17.-MACHINERY (EXCEPT ELECTRICAL)

[New group, industries of which were formerly classified in the abandoned industry group "Machinery, not including transportation equipment." See also Group 16. Electrical machinery]

(1) Agricultural machinery (except tractors); and (2) tractors. Formerly one industry, "Agricultural implements (including tractors)." Establishments primarily engaged in the manufacture of windmills and windmill towers, previously classified in the industry formerly designated as "Engines, turbines, water wheels, and windmills," and of lawn mowers, formerly classified in the abandoned industry "Machinery not elsewhere classified," have been transferred to the "Agricultural machinery (except tractors)" industry.

(1) Blowers: exhaust and ventilating fans; (2) cars and trucks, industrial; (3) commercial laundry, dry-cleaning, and pressing machinery; (4) elevators, escalators, and conveyors; (5) foodproducts machinery; (6) industrial machinery, not elsewhere classified; (7) mining machinery and equipment; (8) oil-field machinery and tools; (9) paper-mill, pulp-mill, and paper-products machinery; (10) special-industry machinery, not elsewhere classified; (11) stokers, mechanical, domestic and industrial; (12) vending, amusement, and other coin-operated machines; and (13) woodworking machinery.-Formerly one industry, "Machinery not elsewhere classified."

Construction and similar machinery (except mining and oilfield machinery and tools).-Title changed from "Cranes and dredging, excavating, and road-building machinery." Establishments primarily engaged in the manufacture of concrete mixers and dredges, formerly classified in the abandoned industry "Machinery not elsewhere classified," have been transferred to this industry.

(1) Internal-combustion engines; and (2) steam engines, turbines, and water wheels.-Formerly one industry, "Engines, turbines, water wheels, and windmills." Establishments primarily engaged in the manufacture of aircraft engines and of windmills and windmill towers, formerly classified in the abandoned industry "Engines, turbines, water wheels, and windmills," have been transferred to the “Aircraft and parts, including aircraft engines" industry and the "Agricultural machinery (except tractors)" industry.

GENERAL EXPLANATIONS

Laundry equipment, domestic.-Title changed from "Washing machines, wringers, driers, and ironing machines, for household use."

(1) Machine-shop products, not elsewhere classified; and (2) machine-shop repairs. Formerly one industry, "Machine-shop products." (See also the "Mechanical power-transmission equipment" industry.) The manufacture of flat bright cold-rolled strip steel, cold-rolled sheets, and cold-finished steel bars, formerly classified in the abandoned industry "Machine-shop products," has been transferred to the new industry classification "Cold-rolled steel sheets and strip and cold-finished steel bars made in plants not operated in connection with hot-rolling mills." Gages, formerly classified as products of the abandoned industry "Machine-shop products," have been assigned as products of the "Measuring instruments, mechanical (except electrical measuring instruments, watches, and clocks)" industry.

Machine-tool and other metalworking-machinery accessories, metal-cutting and shaping tools, and machinists' precision tools. Title changed from "Machine-tool accessories and machinists' precision tools."

Machine tools.-Industry revised to exclude establishments primarily engaged in the manufacture of metalworking nachinery (other than machine tools), which have been transferred to the new industry classification "Metalworking machinery and equipment, not elsewhere classified."

(1) Measuring and dispensing pumps; and (2) pumping equipment and air compressors. Formerly one industry, "Pumps (hand and power), pumping equipment, and air compressors."

Measuring instruments, mechanical (except electrical measuring instruments, watches, and clocks).-New industry classification, products of which were classified in the former industries "Cash registers, adding and calculating machines, and other business machines except typewriters," "Machinery not elsewhere classified," "Machine-shop products," and "Instruments and apparatus, professional, scientific, commercial, and industrial."

Mechanical power-transmission equipment.-New industry, products of which were formerly classified in the abandoned industries "Machinery not elsewhere classified" and "Machineshop products."

Metalworking machinery and equipment, not elsewhere classified. New industry, products of which were previously classified in the former industries "Machine tools" and "Machinery not elsewhere classified."

Office and store machines not elsewhere classified.-New industry, products of which were formerly classified in the abandoned industries "Typewriters and parts," "Cash registers, adding and calculating machines, and other business machines except typewriters," and "Machinery not elsewhere classified.” Printing-trades machinery and equipment.-Title changed from "Printers' machinery and equipment."

Refrigerators, domestic (mechanical and absorption), refrigeration machinery and equipment, and complete air-conditioning units. Title changed from "Refrigerators and refrigerating and ice-making apparatus."

Sewing machines, domestic and industrial.-Title changed from "Sewing machines and attachments."

Textile machinery.-Title changed from "Textile machinery and parts."

Group 18.-AUTOMOBILES AND AUTOMOBILE EQUIPMENT

[New group, industries of which were formerly classified in the abandoned industry group "Transportation equipment, air, land, and water." See also Group 19.Transportation equipment except automobiles]

Automobile trailers (for attachment to passenger cars).New industry, products of which were formerly classified in the

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abandoned industry "Motor-vehicle bodies and motor-vehicle parts."

Motor vehicles, motor-vehicle bodies, parts and accessories.— New industry, products of which were formerly classified in the abandoned industries "Motor vehicles, not including motorcycles" and "Motor-vehicle bodies and motor-vehicle parts."

Group 19.-TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT EXCEPT

AUTOMOBILES

[New group, industries of which were formerly classified in the abandoned industry group "Transportation equipment, air, land, and water." See also Group 18.-Automobiles and automobile equipment]

Aircraft and parts, including aircraft engines.-Title changed from "Aircraft and parts." Establishments primarily engaged in the manufacture of aircraft engines, formerly classified in the abandoned "Engines, turbines, water wheels, and windmills" industry have been transferred to this industry.

(1) Boat building and boat repairing; and (2) shipbuilding and ship repairing.-Formerly one industry, "Ship and boat building, steel and wooden including repair work."

Cars, and car equipment-railroad, street, and rapid-transit.— Title changed from "Cars, electric and steam railroad, not built in railroad repair shops."

Locomotives (including frames) and parts: railroad, mining, and industrial. Title changed from "Locomotives, railroad, mining, and industrial, not built in railroad repair shops." Transportation equipment not elsewhere classified.-Formerly entitled “Carriages, wagons, sleighs, and sleds."

Group 20.-MISCELLANEOUS INDUSTRIES Beauty-shop and barber-shop equipment.—Title changed from "Beauty-shop equipment, except furniture." Brushes. Title changed from "Brushes, other than rubber." Children's vehicles.-Title changed from "Carriages and sleds, children's."

Cigarettes. Transferred to Group 2.-Tobacco manufactures. Cigars. Transferred to Group 2.—Tobacco manufactures. Costume jewelry and costume novelties (jewelry other than fine jewelry).—New industry, products of which were previously classified in the industries formerly designated as “Miscellaneous articles not elsewhere classified" and "Jewelry."

Dental equipment and supplies.-Title changed from "Dentists' equipment and supplies."

(1) Dolls (except rubber); and (2) games and toys (except dolls and children's vehicles).-Formerly one industry, "Toys (not including children's wheel goods or sleds), games, and playground equipment."

Fabricated plastic products, not elsewhere classified.-New industry, products of which were classified in the former industry "Synthetic-resin, cellulose-plastic, vulcanized-fiber, and molded and pressed pulp fabricated articles, not elsewhere classified."

Feathers, plumes, and artificial flowers.-New industry, comprising establishments formerly classified in the abandoned industries "Artificial and preserved flowers and plants" and "Feathers, plumes, and manufactures thereof."

Fire extinguishers, chemical.—Transferred from Group 15.Nonferrous metals and their products.

Fur goods-contract factories; and fur goods-regular factories. Combined as one industry,, "Fur coats and other fur garments, accessories, and trimmings," and transferred to Group 4.-Apparel and Other Finished Products Made From Fabrics and Similar Materials.

Hand stamps, stencils, and brands.-Title changed from "Hand stamps and stencils and brands."

Jewelry cases and instrument cases.-Title changed from "Jewelry and instrument cases."

Lamp shades.—New industry, products of which were classified in the former industry "Miscellaneous articles not elsewhere classified."

Lapidary work.-Transferred to Group 15.-Nonferrous Metals and their products.

Mattresses and bedsprings.-Transferred to Group 6.Furniture and finished lumber products.

Miscellaneous fabricated products not elsewhere classified. New industry classification, products of which were formerly classified in the abandoned industries "Theatrical scenery and stage equipment" and "Miscellaneous articles not elsewhere classified."

Models and patterns (except paper patterns).—Title changed from "Models and patterns, not including paper patterns."

Musical instruments, parts, and materials not elsewhere classified.—Title changed from “Musical instruments and parts and materials, not elsewhere classified."

Needles, pins, hooks and eyes, and slide and snap fasteners.-Transferred from Group 15.-Nonferrous metals and their products.

(1) Ophthalmic goods: lenses and fittings; and (2) optical instruments and lenses.-Formerly one industry, "Optical goods."

Pencils (except mechanical) and crayons.—Title changed from "Pencils, lead (including mechanical) and crayons." Mechanical pencils, formerly classified in this industry, have been transferred to the new industry designated as "Pens, mechanical pencils, and pen points."

Pens, mechanical pencils, and pen points.-New industry, products of which were classified in the former industries "Pens, fountain and stylographic; pen points, gold, steel, and brass" and "Pencils, lead (including mechanical) and crayons." Photographic apparatus and materials and projection equipment (except lenses).-Title changed from "Photographic apparatus and materials and projection apparatus."

Piano and organ parts and materials.-Title changed from "Piano and organ materials."

(1) Professional and scientific instruments (except surgical and dental); and (2) surgical and medical instruments.-Formerly one industry, "Instruments and apparatus, professional, scientific, commercial, and industrial."

Roofing, built-up and roll; asphalt shingles; roof coatings other than paint.-Title changed to "Roofing, built-up and roll; asphalt shingles; roof coating (except paint)," and industry transferred to Group 10.-Products of petroleum and coal.

Signs, advertising displays, and advertising novelties.-Title changed from "Signs and advertising novelties."

Soda fountains, beer dispensing equipment, and related products. Title changed from "Soda fountains and related products."

Sporting and athletic goods not elsewhere classified.-New industry, products of which were formerly classified in the abandoned industries "Billiard and pool tables, bowling alleys, and accessories" and "Sporting and athletic goods, not including firearms or ammunition."

Steam and other packing, pipe and boiler covering, and gaskets, not elsewhere classified.-Title changed to "Steam and other packing, pipe and boiler covering," and industry transferred to Group 13.-Stone, clay, and glass products.

Surgical supplies and equipment not elsewhere classified; orthopedic appliances.-Title changed from "Surgical and orthopedic appliances and related products."

Tobacco (chewing and smoking) and snuff.-Transferred to Group 2.-Tobacco manufactures.

Tobacco pipes and cigarette holders.-Title changed from "Pipes (tobacco)."

Window shades (textile and paper) and fixtures.-Title changed to “Window shadęs,” and industry transferred to Group 6. Furniture and finished lumber products.

Group 11.-RUBBER PRODUCTS

[Preliminary reports for the Rubber Products group of industries were issued on September 6, 1940, and subsequent dates]

Description of the group of industries.-This group of industries includes establishments manufacturing rubber products of all kinds such as tires, rubber footwear, mechanical rubber goods, and rubber sundries. This group also includes establishments specializing in reclaiming rubber or in retreading rubber tires.

The following individual industries make up the Rubber Products group:

1. Tires and inner tubes.

2. Rubber boots and shoes (including rubber-soled footwear with fabric uppers).

3. Reclaimed rubber.

4. Rubber products not elsewhere classified.

The Reclaimed Rubber industry was established for the first time for the Census of Manufactures for 1939. It formerly had been included in the industry entitled "Rubber Goods, Other Than Tires, Inner Tubes, and Boots and Shoes." The products of this group of industries may be made from natural rubber or from synthetic rubber, the manufacture of which is classified in the Chemicals Not Elsewhere Classified industry.

TABLE 1.-SUMMARY FOR GROUP 11-RUBBER PRODUCTS: 1899 TO 1939

[blocks in formation]

Figures for years prior to 1935 do not include cost of contract work.

Value of products less cost of materials, supplies, fuel, purchased electric energy, and contract work. See GENERAL EXPLANATIONS-Value added by manufacture. Not called for on schedule.

Data not available.

7 Revised.

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