Treasury. Total for elements to be included in Department of Transportation (parent Department reduced accordingly).. $8,489, 649, 000 $6,677, 042.000 726, 701. 000 60, 340, 079, 000 38, 771, 837, 000 1,569, 988, 000 1, 518, 428, 000 404, 687,000 4,596, 922, 000 836, 128,000 412, 347,000 13, 832, 930, 000 NOTE. On this basis, the proposed Department of Transportation would rank 5th in size. (Source: The budget of the U.S. Government for fiscal year 1967.) 23. ORGANIZATIONAL BACKGROUND TO THE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION The attached chart traces an abridged organizational history of the Department of Transportation. Highlights of the principal organizational arrangements since 1930 are developed in four parallel patterns: those affecting air, land, and sea transportation as well as those affecting transportation policy development. Of the 11 organization elements forming the Department of Transportation, 5 essentially achieved their present organizational status before 1930. The Alaska Railroad, the Corps of Engineers, and the ICC have not been subjected to any major transfer from other agencies although their functions have been broadened by additional legislation. The Coast Guard has added some functions from the Commerce Department since 1930; it was shifted from Treasury to the Navy Department for the World War II years. The Bureau of Public Roads started in Agriculture, switched to the Federal Works Agency in 1939, transferred in 1949 to GSA and a few months later to Commerce, where it has been ever since. The Under Secretary of Commerce for Transportation, established in 1950, the St. Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation, chartered in 1954, and the Great Lakes Pilotage Administration, organized in 1960, will experience their first external reorganization with the formation of the Department. Aviation organization, however, has undergone a number of changes. In 1936, the Civil Aeronautics Authority was established as an independent agency successor to the Bureau of Air Commerce in the Department of Commerce. In 1940, the Authority split in two: a Civil Aeronautics Administration was established in Commerce, and a Civil Aeronautics Board, as an independent regulatory agency with safety responsibilities, was formed. Both the Administration and the Board were part of what was called the Civil Aeronautics Authority. The Authority, beginning in 1940, however, had no functions. İn 1958, the Federal Aviation Agency was created as an independent entity, assuming the functions of Commerce's Civil Aeronautics Administration. The FAA was, in addition, vested with the CAB's safety rulemaking function and the Airways Modernization Board's air traffic control developmental and promotional responsibilities. Maritime organization has had an even more complex history. The World War I organizations, the U.S. Shipping Board and its Merchant Fleet Corporation, were transferred to the Commerce Department in 1933. Three years later, an independent U.S. Maritime Commission was established as the successor agency to the Board and its Fleet Corporation. The Commission was charged with fostering the development and encouraging the maintenance of a merchant marine. In 1950, the Commission was abolished. The Maritime Administration in Commerce then came into being, as well as the Federal Maritime Board. The Board had both regulatory and subsidy functions. In 1961, a further reorganization abolished the Board and put regulatory responsibilities in a new Federal Maritime Commission and subsidy functions in the Martime Administration. 24. REORGANIZATION OF TRANSPORTATION ACTIVITIES OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY OF LEGISLATIVE PROPOSALS January 12, 1874: H.R. 1094 (43d Cong., 1st sess.). Introduced by L. D. Woodworth, Republican, of New York, to establish a Bureau of Transportation and to regulate the management of railroads and transportation companies. Referred to the Committee on Railways. No further action. January 5, 1884: H.R. 1669 ( 49th Cong., 1st sess.). Introduced by T. A. Merriman, Democrat, of New York, to establish a Bureau of Transportation in the Department of the Interior. Referred to the Committee on Commerce and reported adversely and tabled. House Report 902. Congressional Record, volume 17, pages 432, 2196. June 18, 1890: S. 4106 (51st Cong., 1st sess.). Introduced by John J. Ingalls, Republican, of Kansas, to establish a Department of Transportation. Referred to the Committee on Interstate Commerce. No further action. January 4, 1893: H.R. 10009 (52d Cong., 2d sess.). Introduced by John G. Otis (People's Party, Kansas), to create a Department of Transportation. Referred to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. No further action. December 2, 1907. H.R. 408 (60th Cong., 1st sess). Introduced by William Sulzer, Democrat, of New York, to create a Department of Transportation Referred to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. No further action. March 7, 1908: H.R. 1888 (60th Cong., 1st sess.). Introduced by J. E. Ransdell, Democrat, of Louisiana, to create a new executive Department of Transportation and Public Works. Referred to Com. mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. No further action. January 4, 1909: H.R. 27894 (61st Cong., 2d sess.). Introduced by James R. Mann, Republican, of Illinois, to amend acts entitled “An act to regulate commerce," approved February 4, 1887, and "an act to further regulate commerce ***" approved February 19, 1903. Referred to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. No further action. ***” Among other provisions would establish a Bureau of Transportation in the Department of Commerce and Labor "to make investigations; make and hear complaints as to rates, regulations, practices, classifications, etc., which may be prosecuted by the Attorney General before the Interstate Commerce Commission; prohibit ownership or control of competing lines ***" January 7, 1960: H.R. 17411 (61st Cong., 2d sess.). Introduced by William Sulzer, Democrat, of New York, to create a Department of Transportation. Referred to Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. No further action. Provisions embody substantially the recommendations of the Industrial Commission, 1900. Provides for Cabinet level Department internally organized into operating units by mode of transportation responsible for inspection, examination and regulation of all interstate or foreign commerce common carriers * * * Transfers to the new Department the following agencies: Department of Commerce, and Labor Light-House Board, Light-House Service, Life-Saving Service, Marine-Hospital Service, Steamboat Inspection Service, Bureau of Navigation, U.S. Shipping Commissioner. Also transfers to the new Department all work of the Interstate Commerce Commission except that of regulating rates and classification of rates for transportation. In an explanatory statement (Congressional Record, Apr. 22, vol. 45, pp. 5223-5226; May 27, 1910, vol. 45, pp. 6998-7000) Representative Sulzer states: *** "[This] *** is the first legislative attempt *** in this country to deal with this interstate transportation problem in a scientific manner and in a practical business way *** three things are absolutely necessary *** to effectively deal with the problems arising from the abuses of these interstate transportation systems: "First, there must be a body, like the Interstate Commerce Commission * ** with authority to make just and reasonable rates * * * "Second, there must be a body to determine controversies, review the orders of the Interstate Commerce Commission *** This is a judicial function and must be vested in the courts *** "Third, there should be an executive department*** with a cabinet officer * **charged with the responsibility of investigation *** and with prompt enforcement of the laws *** concerning companies doing an interstate transportation business." Representative Sulzer listed among supporters of the measure ICC Commissioner, Charles A. Prouty, Thomas W. Phillips, of Pennsylvania, William R. Hearst, of New York, Robert M. La Follette, of Wisconsin, and the American Antitrust League (C.R. vol. 45, p. 7000). January 31, 1912: H.R. 19126 (62d Cong., 2d sess.) Introduced by Victor L. Berger, Socialist, Wisconsin, referred to Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. To condemn and acquire railroads for Government ownership and operation. * *** Includes provision for creation of a Department of Transportation. No further action. December 16, 1915: H.R. 6055 (64th Cong., 1st sess.) Introduced by William J. Cary, Republican, of Wisconsin, to create the Department of Transportation. Referred to Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. No further action. January 6, 1918: H.R. 8760 (65th Cong., 2d sess.) Introduced by William J. Cary, Republican, of Wisconsin, to create the Department of Transportation. Referred to Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. No further action. July 6, 1918: S. 4806 (65th Cong., 2d sess.) Introduced by James H. Lewis, Democrat, of Illinois, to create a department of Government to be known as the Department of Transportation and Telegraph with a member of the Cabinet*** and for other purposes. (Congressional Record, July 6, 1918, vol. 56, pp. 8741-8742.) Referred to Committee on Interstate Commerce. No further action. May 3, 1933: H.R. 5484 (73d Cong., 1st sess.) Introduced by Emanuel Celler, Democrat, of New York, to provide for the establishment of a Federal Railroad Corporation, to provide for the redistribu |