2

IV.

V.

in many cases, upon his or her ability to obtain an award and to test
the validity of the research concepts contained in the application.
If the confidentiality of the peer review process should be breached,
the free presentation of investigators might well be inhibited, with
consequent loss to the public welfare.

In the case of grant applications and contract projects proposing to
involve human subjects, the multiple steps of review which include
participation by public representatives as well as scientists offer
the best available protection of the rights and well-being of such
subjects. At present, the National Commission for the Protection of
the Rights of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research is
considering additional measures to safeguard the rights of human
subjects.

We believe that the system for protecting the rights of human subjects is and must remain open to public scrutiny. However, the occasional intervention by members of the public would introduce a sporadic and random element into the orderly review of these applications and offers little protection for the rights of subjects.

In order that the public may be further assured that its interests are
being served, we believe it is appropriate to release any research
désign to the public, on request, provided that the researcher has had
the reasonable period of twelve months after funding to develop his
ideas. However, we believe that the rights and well-being of human
subjects who participate in research outweigh the rights of the
investigator to retain exclusive control of his research design.
Furthermore, because research in which human subjects play an active
role is ordinarily concerned with the application of concepts that
are already fairly well developed, the need to protect the investigator's
concepts is not as great as it is in the case of more basic research.
Therefore, we recommend that research applications and proposals which,
under existing regulations, are subject to review by institutional
review committees should be released to the public on request at the
time that the proposed research is funded.

The final step in the development of a research project is the publication
of the research in a responsibly edited and refereed journal. This
final vigorous evaluation provides yet another assurance to the public
that their interests are being served by means of a careful review process.

70-426 0-76-14

SUBJECT:

William S. Ballenger
Assistant to the Secretary
for Special Projects

1975 Year-End Report on Secretariallyappointed and Presidentially-appointed National Advisory Councils and Committees of the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare

I. General Information

Tab A: Women

Tab B:

Tab C:

Tab D:

Tab E:

Minorities

Student/Youths

Geographics (including census data
and a map)

Listing of all Presidentially-appointed and Secretarially-appointed Advisory Councils and Committees

GENERAL INFORMATION

As of December 19, 1974, there were 53 HEW Advisory Councils

and Committees operating under the jurisdiction of P.L. 92-463 -16 Presidentially-appointed (upon recommendation of the Secretary) and 37 Secretarially-appointed -- comprising a total of 980 Council positions, 883 of them encumbered. During calendar year 1974, the President and the Secretary, aided by the Office of Special Projects (OSP), filled 279 (28.5%) of those 980 positions. Of the 279 appointments, at least 111 (56% of all Secretarially-appointed members and at least 39.8% of members appointed by both the President and the Secretary*) were nominations originated by one of the following Departmental agencies or Assistant Secretaries:

National Institutes of Health

Health Resources Administration
Health Services Administration

Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration
Social Security Administration

Center for Disease Control

Food and Drug Administration

National Institute on Education

Office of Education

Assistant Secretary for Human Development

Assistant Secretary for Education, or

Assistant Secretary for Planning & Evaluation.

Of the 1974 year-end total of 980 positions, there were included three councils created during 1974 embracing 32 new positions. All the remaining positions were on Councils and Committees whose membership carried over from previous years.

-

As of December 31, 1975, there were 62 HEW Advisory Councils and Committees operating under the jurisdiction of P.L. 92-463 15 Presidentially-appointed and 47 Secretarially-appointed comprising a total of 992 council positions. During calendar year 1975, the President and the Secretary filled 457 (46.1%) of the 992 positions. Of the 457 appointments, 264 (57.8%) were nominations originated by an agency, or Assistant Secretary. Of the 1975 year-end total of 992 positions, 155 were new positions spread over 10 new Councils chartered during 1974.

107

Vacancies that existed as of December 19, 1974: 97
Vacancies that existed as of January 6, 1975:
Vacancies that existed as of December 31, 1975:

None

Following is more detailed information on the increasing participation of women, minorities, and student/youths on Departmental Advisory Councils and Committees during 1975, as well as improving geographical balance.

*Data for Presidentially-appointed committees for 1974 is incomplete.

WOMEN

Page 2

As of December 19, 1974, there were 226 (25.6%) women in encumbered positions on HEW Advisory Councils and Committees appointed by the President and Secretary:

162 (25.4%) on Secretarially-appointed

64 (26.1%) on Presidentially-appointed

As of December 31, 1975, there were 302 (30.4%) women on such Councils:

254 (34.0%) on Secretarially-appointed

48 (19.6%) on Presidentially-appointed

In 1975, 31.5% of the 457 committee appointments made by the President and Secretary were women. Their participation on Advisory Councils has thus increased 4.8% (from 25.6% to 30.4%) in 1975. Moreover, had all the Secretary's nominations to the White House for Presidentially-appointed Councils been accepted, there would have been 55 (22.4%) women on HEW Presidentiallyappointed Councils, or 309 (31.1%) altogether.

MINORITIES

Page 3

-

As of December 19, 1974, there were 179 (20.3%) minority representatives in all categories Black, Asian-American, Spanish-Speaking, and American Indian in encumbered positions on HEW advisory Councils and Committees appointed by the President and Secretary.

By December 31, 1975, there were 234 minority representatives overall (23.6%) appointed to Councils and Committees by the President and Secretary. There was therefore an increase of 3.3% (from 20.3% to 23.6%) minority representation on HEW advisory committees during calendar year 1975. Furthermore, had all of the Secretary's recommendations to the White House been accepted, there would have been 258 (26.0%) minority representatives altogether an increase of 5.7%.

-

A. Blacks

As of December 19, 1974, there were 84 (9.5%) blacks in encumbered positions on HEW Advisory Councils appointed by by the President and Secretary:

55 (8.6%) on Secretarially-appointed

29 (11.8%) on Presidentially appointed

As of December 31, 1975, there were 111 (11.2%) blacks on such Councils:

86 (11.5%) on Secretarially-appointed

25 (10.2%) on Presidentially-appointed

During 1975, 61 (13.3%) of the 457 Committee appointments made by the President and Secretary to HEW Advisory Councils and Committees were blacks. Black participation on advisory Councils has thus increased 2.6% (from 8.6% to 11.2%) during 1975. Had all the Secretary's nominations to the White House been accepted, there would have been 26 blacks (10.6%) on Presidentially-appointed HEW Councils and Committees a total of 112 (11.3%) altogether.