thing they do not feel prepared for. In addition to this, for example, we just had a man in the east coast in November, one of our own Yale University Ph. D.'s on our faculty, who went at the Center's request, to talk with the dean of the graduate school at Yale, and the dean of the graduate school of Yale has agreed next year to take two of our students if we can provide qualified students in the advanced degree programs in the graduate school at Yale. Again this is the kind of flexibility we seek. I must point out, however, most students from Asia would like to go to Yale or Harvard for a lot of obvious reasons. They are fine institutions and have a great reputation, but Harvard and Yale are private institutions. They don't take all of the highest qualified students in the United States. If we get one or two in at this point, I believe we will have achieved a great deal. Further than this, we don't believe that in sending our students on study tours around the United States, we should put them into any one or two institutions. The diversity of American higher education, the diversity of this country, the diversity of the programs we offer, we believe, is one of the best things we can provide for these people. May I give one more example of

Chairman HAYS. Right there let me comment, Mr. Turnbull. It's a personal comment. I am all for these tours, but I notice in reading over this tour you had prepared for this one particular gentleman you had 3 days in some place and 4 days in another and then you had 12 days, which seems to me useful, but based on my experiences as a member of the Foreign Affairs Committee and Subcommittee, both as chairman and member, in 3 days about all he is going to be able to say is he was there. I question very sincerely whether he will get much out of 3 days in Arizona, but, he can go home and say he was in Arizona. I just threw that in for whatever it's worth. I am not at all sure that a semester in a particular institution wouldn't be of value in many cases. I throw that in for what it's worth.

Mr. TURNBULL. I accept this in the spirit as given and I am inclined to agree with you, sir. I would like to point out that in some cases these are merely stopovers along the way between the longer stops and, also, part of this program is to give the student an opportunity, outside of institutions and academic programs, to at least get a look, even if it's only a stopover, at various kinds of American communities so, at least in his mind, he will have seen these. May I add one more study tour program to this just to show you how, I think, we try to handle this. The first grantee we sent on a study tour was a student in poultry science from Indonesia, and this is the kind of study program we provided for him. He spent 5 weeks in study and research at the Davis campus of the University of California; he spent 2 weeks in genetics research at Massachusetts State College at Amherst; he then attended the National Poultry Congress in Pennsylvania; he visited the United Nations in New York; spent a week in Washington, D.C., simply getting a look at the seat of the American Government, and then he concluded his trip with a period of time at Iowa State College in Ames, Iowa, in studies which are carried on there in relation to poultry science. He returns from such a trip to work here with the people in his academic program and applies, discusses, and makes use of the information he got from his trip.

Chairman HAYS. What was the total amount of time?

Mr. TURNBULL. I don't have it, sir, though it would appear, offhand. they are talking about some 10 to 12 weeks, I believe, in that case. I would like to describe very briefly some of the services and related supporting programs which we provide to these students. I hope I am not taking too long, but I would like to be sure you get a thorough picture of this.

Mr. SAUND. Will there be time to ask questions?

Chairman HAYS. I think some of it has already been submitted actually. I heard some things that are already in it. If you could summarize briefly. We would like to hear from Dr. Spoehr and we would like to have some time for questions.

Mr. TURNBULL. All right. Let me very briefly then indicate that we provide an English language training institute to assist students who need special help in the use of English. We provide support to foreign student adviser, counseling, and testing staff, housing and feeding staff, including a food specialist, for example, to assist us in meeting the problems of these students as they live and work here. The director of student programs has established a student advisory committee to provide an opportunity to meet with him so that he can have direct concern with their problems. We provide assistance to our health service to meet their health requirements while they are on campus. In addition to these, we of course provide funds through the Center for the development and support of programs in American studies, including not only academic programs but extracurricular or nonacademic programs. We provide support for Asian studies programs. Three areas of these programs, as well as language programs, are particularly designed for American students.

Mrs. BOLTON. Would the gentleman yield?

Mr. TURNBULL. Yes.

Mrs. BOLTON. What methods do you use for the teaching of English! Mr. TURNBULL. You are asking a technical question which I am not prepared to answer except in the broadest, most general way.

Mrs. BOLTON. Is it the method being used at Harvard?

Mr. TURNBULL. Excuse me, our director of student programs is here. May I refer this question to him? Dr. Heiser, if you please?

STATEMENT OF DR. M. F. HEISER, ACTING DIRECTOR OF STUDENT PROGRAMS, CENTER FOR CULTURAL AND TECHNICAL INTERCHANGE BETWEEN EAST AND WEST, UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII

Dr. HEISER. And also, Mr. Dickinson, the director of the English language institute, who works with me. Perhaps he can give you the most satisfactory answer.

STATEMENT OF DONALD DICKINSON, ACTING DIRECTOR OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE INSTITUTE, CENTER FOR CULTURAL AND TECHNICAL INTERCHANGE BETWEEN EAST AND WEST, UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII

Mr. DICKINSON. Our method is perhaps closest to the one that is used in the language institute at the University of Michigan. It is actually adapted for our use.

Mrs. BOLTON. Yes, I know of it. I was wondering if you are at all aware of the language work at Harvard?

Mr. DICKINSON. I am sure it's very similar.

Chairman HAYS. What can you tell us about the crowding of your laboratory, which Dr. Snyder talks about? Do you have sufficient. facilities?

Mr. DICKINSON. Our laboratory is not part of the laboratory used by modern languages; it's entirely separate.

Chairman HAYS. Do you have sufficient facilities?

Mr. DICKINSON. We are expanding them now, sir.

Chairman HAYS. Then I take it you don't have at the moment?
Mr. DICKINSON. That is right.

Mr. TURNBULL. One or two other things if I may in respect to this. We also provide, as you realize, support to the development of the university library, particularly in those fields, those areas, which are appropriate to the Asian studies program, research programs, and courses of study, as, for example, such things as marine biology in which these students come. We also provide, as we mentioned yesterday, through funds for instructional services, additional instructional services within the faculty itself. At a later time if you like, or at your pleasure, I would be glad to outline very briefly some of the range of the problems and difficulties with which we deal, and if you wish me to, I would be glad to deal at greater length with some of the points in our student programs.

Chairman HAYS. Suppose we allow you to proceed, Dr. Spoehr.

STATEMENT OF DR. ALEXANDER SPOEHR, CHANCELLOR-DESIGNATE, CENTER FOR CULTURAL AND TECHNICAL INTERCHANGE BETWEEN EAST AND WEST, UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII

Dr. SPOEHR. Mr. Chairman, members of the committee, the subject to which I have been assigned deals with the relations of the EastWest Center to the Department of State, and with plans for the longrange development of the East-West Center. The relations of the Center with the Department of State are an integral part of any longrange development plan, and with your permission, I should like to consider both of these subjects jointly. The Department requested the Center to prepare a 5-year plan of development. A document covering this plan was prepared and has been submitted to the Department of State as well as to the regents of the university. Neither the Department of State nor the regents have had opportunity as yet to comment on this document, so that, with your permission, I should like to make a verbal presentation of the main points in this document with the thought that in due course it will be presented to the Congress by the executive branch. The presentation will deal with three major subjects, which I feel are cardinal points in any long-range planning. First, the basic considerations of policy which underlie any specific program; second, specific aspects of program development over a 5year period, and third, measures which the East-West Center proposes to take to serve the accountability function, in order that the Department of State, the President, and the Congress will have in hand the information necessary for their own appraisals of the results of the Center's program.

BASIC CONSIDERATIONS OF POLICY

There are to my mind 10 of these: (1) The nature of cultural and technical interchange; (2) relations between the Center and the State Department; (3) relations between the Center and the University of Hawaii; (4) relations between the Center and other institutions and agencies in Hawaii, on the U.S. mainland, and Asian and Pa cific countries; (5) relations of the Center with the Hawaii community; (6) the nature of the consultant advice which the Center will require over the next 5-year period; (7) the problem of permanent staffing of the Center; (8) flexibility of program; (9) the projected size of the Center; and (10) the long-range character of the East West Center.

On the nature of cultural and technical interchange itself, I think it has become apparent that such interchange has become a major international phenomenon; that American participation and leadership in such interchange is an essential part of American foreign relations; and that it is the purpose of the East-West Center to sup port this American goal, not across the board because this is too broad a role for the Center to undertake effectively, but rather in the three concentrated ways which Mr. Turnbull has outlined: academic instruction of students, technical training, and advanced projects of research and dissemination of knowledge across national boundaries.

As to Center relations with the State Department; these are mediated through the Assistant Secretary of State for Educational and Cultural Affairs, the Honorable Philip Coombs. He has taken a great personal interest in the development of this Center and there is, I believe, steady communication between the Center and the State Department. In terms of the future, it seems to me that the State Department's requirements and the Center's need for guidance from the State Department revolve around policy determination, adequate reporting from the Center to the State Department, and finally, appraisal. In this connection the consultants' report, previously referred to, indicated the importance of the appointment of a small panel of advisers to the Center, preferably chosen on an international basis, which would review the major policy points of development of the East-West Center during the next 5 years. On that panel I believe it is most important that the State Department have adequate representation. The panel itself has not yet been appointed. Immediately after January this will be the first order of business for the new chancellor.

Would you like to ask questions as we go along?

Chairman HAYS. I think I will let you finish.

Dr. SPOEHR. The third policy consideration concerns relations between the Center and the University of Hawaii. As Mr. Turnbull indicated, the chancellor of the Center reports to the regents of the university through the president. The chancellor is responsible for the preparation and control of the East-West Center budget. The East-West Center, in accordance with the report of the consultants' committee, which has been adopted by the regents as a basic policy document, will enter into and attempt to clarify relations of mutual support between the Center and the university. The Center, as you are aware, does not itself presently provide instructional services ex

cept for the English language institute, but rather arranges with the university for these services. The Center has a very considerable degree of autonomy and can develop relations of mutual support with its home base, the University of Hawaii, and at the same time be free to develop relations outside the university with other institutes and agencies and to have adequate leeway of action.

This raises the fourth point: relations with other institutions and agencies. As Mr. Turnbull remarked yesterday, the Center is conceived as a springboard; it is not conceived as a mechanism whereby all Center activities are concentrated at the University of Hawaii. In the latter case it could not fulfill a true international role. In the Institute of Advanced Projects, and student programs and in the other aspects of the Center, it is incumbent upon the Center to develop as many fruitful relations with other institutions and agencies, at home and abroad, as possible.

As to relations with the Hawaii community. Mr. Turnbull has noted that the community has offered great support and assistance to the East-West Center, and it is incumbent upon the Center to develop these measures of assistance to the greatest degree possible. I have the personal impression that within this community there is a great wellspring, and an earnest one, of citizens desirous of assisting in the success of the Center.

During the next 5 years the Center will need two types of consultive advice outside of the university proper and outside of its own staff. The first type will be provided by the panel of advisers which I have just mentioned. The second type is advice on special projects and programs. In other words, the panel of advisers is designed to assist in broad policy matters; the advice on special levels is to assist with particular goals and how to reach them. In the 1963 proposed budget provision is made for both these types of consultative advice that will be required.

The Center has been launched by the tremendous effort of the interim staff, and I should like at this time to pay tribute to Mr. Turnbull, Mr. Wachter, Dr. Snyder, and all those who have given their efforts to see this idea come to fruition. Nevertheless, on January 1 there will only be one permanent appointment in the top administrative level of the Center and that is the chancellor. It will be necessary to make permanent appointments of the director of student programs, the director of advanced projects, the director of technical training, the director of the English language institute, the director of administration, and the public information officer. In view of the fact that men with talent and ability in these fields are greatly in demand throughout this country, I do not anticipate that the permanent staffing of the Center can be completed prior to the fall of 1962. I mention this as one of the major problems with which we are faced.

As to program flexibility, this is of particular importance at the present time because the permanent staff of top administrative responsibility will have their own judgment and experience to contribute. Also, the Center obviously must continue to be receptive to changing needs in the Asian and Pacific countries with which it deals. Finally, flexibility is a capacity to profit from experience, and though the experience of the Center has been short, it has exhibited already this capacity.

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